• 대한간호학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.517-524
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• 2012

Purpose: To compare and confirm the impact of prepregnancy body mass index on pregnancy outcome in women with a singleton conceived by assisted reproductive technology and spontaneously conceived pregnancy. Methods: A sample of 165 and 247 pregnant women with and without assisted reproductive technology were retrospectively recruited from electronic medical charts of C hospital. Results: There were significant differences between the two groups for maternal age, paternal age, length of marriage, prepregnancy body mass index, parity, spontaneous abortion experience, and preterm delivery. A prepregnancy body mass index of ${\geq}25$ was associated with higher risk for maternal and neonatal complication in the assisted reproductive technology group. Conclusion: The results indicate that a higher prepregnancy body mass index is associated with increased risks for adverse pregnancy outcomes for women using assisted reproductive technology. So these women need appropriate care to compensate for the risk.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.347-360
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• 2017

Objectives: This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate congenital malformations in infants conceived by assisted reproductive techniques (ART), compared with infants conceived spontaneously. Methods: In this study, available resources searched to find relevant articles included PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Google Scholar, Cochrane, ProQuest, Iranmedex, Magiran, and Scientific Information Database. After extracting the necessary information from evaluated articles, meta-analysis on the articles' data was performed using Stata version 11.2. Results: In this study, from a total of 339 articles, extracted from the initial investigation, ultimately 30 articles were selected for meta-analysis that assessed the use of ART on the risk of congenital abnormalities and some birth complications on 5 470 181 infants (315 402 cases and 5 154 779 controls). The odds ratio (95% confidence interval [CI]) for low birth weight was 1.89 (95% CI, 1.36 to 2.62), preterm labor 1.79 (95% CI, 1.21 to 2.63), cardiac abnormalities 1.43 (95% CI, 1.27 to 1.62), central nervous system abnormalities 1.36 (95% CI, 1.10 to 1.70), urogenital system abnormalities 1.58 (95% CI, 1.28 to 1.94), musculoskeletal disorders 1.35 (95% CI, 1.12 to 1.64), and chromosomal abnormalities in infants conceived by ART was 1.14 (95% CI, 0.90 to 1.44), which were all statistically significant, except chromosomal abnormalities. Conclusions: The risk of congenital abnormalities and some birth complications were significantly higher in ART than normal conception, while chromosomal abnormalities were not; therefore, the application of ART should be selected individually for patients by detailed assessment to reduce such risks in the population.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2016

Objectives: This review is to suggest strategies to reduce risk factors of non-communicable diseases (NCD) in South Korea. Methods: Prior research findings on the burden of NCD and associated risk factors and the effectiveness of intervention programs were reviewed. Strategies regarding the control of NCD risk factors were conceived. Results: The author presented research findings from the Global Burden of Disease study on the burden of non-communicable disease (NCD) and associated risk factors in South Korea. Strengths and limitations of population and high-risk strategies for preventing NCDs were introduced. The author also reviewed the evidence on the effectiveness of multiple cardiovascular risk factor interventions and community-based intervention programs on cardiovascular diseases conducted in industrialized countries. Finally, strategies to reduce NCD risk factors in South Korea were suggested. Conclusions: The evidence-based interventions and the importance of population strategies in NCD prevention were highlighted. The author indicated that strategies employed by unhealthy commodity industries to undermine effective public health policies and programs should be actively monitored. It has been suggested that effective high-risk strategies with ecological models to address social risks rather than medical risks among disadvantaged population should be further developed in South Korea.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.173-178
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• 2007

목 적: 체외수정으로 출산한 쌍태아와 자연임신으로 출산한 쌍태아 간의 산과적 결과의 차이를 비교하고자 한다. 연구방법: 2000년 1월부터 2005년 6월까지 출산한 146건의 쌍태아에 관한 산과적 기록을 검토한 후, 출생 시 재태연령이 24주 이상이며 체외수정으로 임신한 72건을 연구군 (체외수정군), 자연임신한 51건을 대조군 (자연임신이군)으로 나누어 연구를 시행하였다. 결 과: 두 군 간에 산모 연령, 출산 시 재태 연령, 태아체중 등의 차이는 없었지만, 임신성 고혈압과 임신성 당뇨의 발생 위험도는 체외수정군에서 높았다 (OR 2.59; 95% CI 1.01$\sim$6.66). 20% 이상 태아 체중 차이와 같은 성의 쌍태아 발생의 위험도는 체외수정군에서 낮았다 (OR 0.37; 95% CI 0.14$\sim$0.96, OR 0.45; 95% CI 0.21$\sim$0.99). 결 론: 본 연구의 결과로는 체외수정으로 출생한 쌍태아는 자연임신으로 출생한 경우보다 태아 체중 차이의 빈도 및 같은 성 출생의 빈도가 낮았다.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2022

Urban Air Mobility is expected to resolve some problems in urban transportation such as traffic congestion and air pollution. Various studies for a large-scale commercialization of UAM are being actively conducted. To that end, the UAM Traffic Management system aims at securing a safety and an efficiency of UAM operations. In this study, a risk assessment model is proposed to evaluate the risk of collision between a vehicle and surrounding obstacles. The proposed model is conceived from the past studies for determining a proper separation distance between parallel runways for their independent operations. The model calculates the risk that the surveillance system fails to meet a target level of safety for a given buffer zone size between a designed route and surrounding obstacles. The model is applied to one of the routes proposed in K-UAM roadmap to evaluate its performances.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.519-526
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• 2019

Objective: We determined the risk factors limiting first service conception (FSC) rate in dairy cows and their economic impact. Methods: Data were collected from 790 lactations regarding cow parity, peri- and postpartum disorders, body condition score (BCS), reproductive performance, and expenses associated with reproductive management (treatment, culling, and others). Initially, we identified the risk factors limiting FSC rate in dairy cows. Various biological and environmental factors, such as herd, cow parity, BCS at 1 month postpartum and first artificial insemination (AI), resumption of cyclicity within 1 month of calving, year, AI season, insemination at detected estrus or timed AI, peri- and postpartum disorders, and calving to first AI interval, were evaluated. Next, we evaluated the economic impact of the success or failure of FSC by comparing the expense associated with reproductive management until conception between cows that did or did not conceive at their first service. Results: Cows with BCS <3.0 had a lower probability of conceiving at first insemination (odds ratio [OR] = 0.64, p<0.05) than cows with $BCS{\geq}3.0$. Cows inseminated during summer were less likely to conceive (OR = 0.44, p<0.001) than cows inseminated during spring. Cows with peri- or postpartum disorders were less likely to conceive (OR = 0.55, p<0.001) than cows without disorders. Survival curves generated using MedCalc showed an 81 day extension in the mean interval between calving and conception in cows that failed to conceive over those that did conceive at first insemination. Cows failing conceive required additional expenditure on reproductive treatment ($55.40) and other management ($567.00) than cows that conceived at first insemination. Conclusion: Lower BCS, hot weather at first insemination, and peri- and postpartum disorders are risk factors limiting FSC, which result in an economic loss of $622.40 per dairy cow.

• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.159-167
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• 2013

Creativity is a long cherished and widely studied aspect of human behavior that allows us to re-invent the familiar, and to imagine the new. Computational creativity (CC) is a newly burgeoning area of creativity research that brings together academics and practitioners from diverse disciplines, genres and modalities, to explore the potential of computers to be autonomously creative, or to collaborate as co-creators with people. We describe here an architecture for creative Web services that will act as a force magnifier for CC, both for academic research, and for the effective deployment of real CC applications in industry. For researchers, this service-oriented architecture supports the pooling of technologies in a robust interoperable framework, in which CC models are conceived, developed and migrated from lab settings to an industrial strength platform. Industry developers, for their part, will be able to exploit novel results of CC research in a robust, low-risk form, without having to re-implement algorithms from a quickly moving field. We illustrate the architecture with the first of a growing set of creative Web services that provide robust figurative language processing on demand.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.8-13
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• 2018

여러 산업분야나 일상생활에서 다양하게 쓰이고 있는 플라스틱의 중요성과 효용성에 비해 화재 위험성에 관한 연구가 매우 부족하여 본 연구에서는 5종의 플라스틱 제품의 화재 위험성을 콘칼로리미터(ISO 5660-1)로 측정하였다. 그 결과, PVC판의 착화시간(TTI)은 196 s로 다른 플라스틱보다 연소시간이 가장 지연되었고, PS판은 19 s로 착화시간이 가장 짧았다. PS판의 총열방출열량(THR)은 가장 낮게 측정된 PVC판 보다 213.07% 높게 측정되었다. 또한 PS판의 CO는 다른 플라스틱에 비해 1.45~4.21배, $CO_2$는 1.77~6.97배 더 높게 나타나 불완전연소가 가장 높고 인명피해가 가장 많이 발생할 것으로 예측된다. 따라서 화재 위험성은 PS판이 가장 위험하고, PVC판이 가장 안전한 것으로 나타났다.

• CRM연구
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.23-48
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• 2006

본 연구는 우리나라 전자상거래 업계에서 새로운 업태로 급격하게 성장하고 있는 인터넷 오픈마켓기업이 고객의 신뢰도 확보를 위하여 갖추어야 할 전략적 요소는 무엇인지 파악하고자 실시되었다. 소비자들이 오픈마켓의 명성과 평판을 보고 거래에 참가하지만, 실제 거래는 인지도나 만족도가 낮은 중소규모의 판매자 또는 일부 프로 슈머와 거래해야 된다는 점에서 판매자의 신뢰확보 여부가 오픈마켓 성패의 중요한 요소가 될 것이다. 연구결과, 오픈마켓에 참가하는 소비자가 구매과정에서 경험한 만족도는 7점 척도기준 4.23으로 비교적 낮은 수준이었으며, 거래의 안전성 확보를 위하여 중요하게 인식하는 요인은 (1) 사후적 피해보상의 가능성 (2) 상품품 질 및 브랜드의 진정성 (3) 상품의 신속 정확한 배송 (4) 상품가격 및 품질 등 선택정보 제공 등으로 나타났다. 이러한 요인들과 판매자의 신뢰도와의 관계를 회귀분석한 결과 양자의 관계는 매우 유의한 것으로 나타나 이러한 요인들이 충족될 경우 판매자에 대한 소비자의 신뢰도가 향상될 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 오픈마켓 기업은 소비자 신뢰확보를 위하여 판매자에 대한 소비자의 신뢰 확보를 위하여 지속적인 관계마케팅, 고객관계 관리 전략이 필요한 것으로 판단된다.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.187-192
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• 2012

Heterotopic pregnancy is rare event and the risk is increased with assisted reproductive technology procedures. Heterotopic cervical pregnancy is even more unusual. We report a rare case of heterotopic cervical pregnancy that was managed successfully. A 36-year-old women who conceived by IVF-ICSI was diagnosed with heterotopic cervical pregnancy. She visited the emergency room with vaginal bleeding at 5 weeks of gestation and underwent careful intracervical gestational sac reduction with forceps under abdominal guidance the next day. The postoperative course was uneventful and with regular check-ups, the intrauterine pregnancy (IUP) progressed unremarkably through 41 weeks with delivery of a healthy newborn. We reviewed a total of 37 cases of heterotopic pregnancy that have been reported in the English language literature. There have been many attempts to eliminate the cervical embryo while preserving the IUP, and complete cervical evacuation is important in order to avoid infection, bleeding, and premature birth.