• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.293-298
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• 2007

The aged are faced with increasing risk for falls. The aged have more fragile bones than others. When falls occur, it is important to detect this emergency state because such events often lead to more serious illness or even death. A implementation of PDA system, for detection of emergency situation, was developed using 3-axis accelerometer in this paper as follows. The signals were acquired from the 3-axis accelerometer, and then transmitted to the PDA through a Bluetooth module. This system can classify human activity, and also detect an emergency state like falls. When the fall occurs, the system generates the alarm on the PDA. If a subject does not respond to the alarm, the system determines whether the current situation is an emergency state or not, and then sends some information to the emergency center in the case of an urgent situation. Three different studies were conducted on 12 experimental subjects, with results indicating a good accuracy. The first study was performed to detect the posture change of human daily activity. The second study was performed to detect the correct direction of fall. The third study was conducted to check the classification of the daily physical activity. Each test lasted at least 1 min. in the third study. The output of the acceleration signal was compared and evaluated by changing various postures after attaching a 3-axis accelerometer module on the chest. The newly developed system has some important features such as portability, convenience and low cost. One of the main advantages of this system is that it is available at home healthcare environment. Another important feature lies in its low cost of manufacture. The implemented system can detect the fall accurately, so it will be widely used in emergency situations.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.23-33
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• 2012

Recent technological advances in the domestic railway industry have turned out to deliver a profound impact on the forefront of other industries as well. Furthermore, the introduction of the high-speed railway systems has made it possible to travel around our country in a day, thereby changing our life styles a lot. However, it has been well recognized that many factors can cause unanticipated accidents during the operation. One of the causes is known to be the human errors made by the train operators in locomotive cabs. The problem is getting more serious as the trains run at high speed. As such, the objective of this paper is on how to improve the work environment of the locomotive cabs. Our approach is based on the systems engineering methodology. Specifically, we first identify the context and scope of the problem to be solved. We then continue our effort in deriving the requirements set to accomplish the improvement. These results are utilized in constructing a computer-aided management system for test and evaluation intended for the improvement. The approach taken and the results obtained in this paper is expected to make a contribution on the route to keeping our nation's technologies on the competitive edges in the high-speed railway systems industry.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.1999-2004
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• 2011

본 논문은 매트릭스 수지로 LCP(Liquid crystal polymer)를 사용하였으며, 기계적 특성 및 화학적 특성을 증대시키기 위해 주 첨가제로 synthetic graphite, expanded graphite와 보조 첨가제로는 carbon black을 사용하여, 함량 별로 복합소재를 제조하였다. 사출성형 전 CAE 프로그램으로 해석을 하였으며, 유동성과 섬유 배향을 예측 했다. 복합 소재는 전동식 사출기를 이용하여 ASTM 복합 시편으로 사출성형 하였으며, 시편을 four point probe 장치를 사용하여 전기전도도를 측정/비교 하였으며, 기계적 강도는 굴곡강도, 굴곡탄성률, 충격강도를 측정하였다. 첨가제가 증가할 수록 전기전도도는 증가하나 첨가제의 brittle한 특성으로 인해 기계적 강도는 감소하는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.24-31
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• 2021

In this study, an artificial neural network model was constructed to convert CAE analysis data into similar experimental data. In the analysis and experiment, the injection molding data for 50 conditions were acquired through the design of experiment and random selection method. The injection molding conditions and the weight, height, and diameter of the product derived from CAE results were used as the input parameters for learning of the convert model. Also the product qualities of experimental results were used as the output parameters for learning of the convert model. The accuracy of the convert model showed RMSE values of 0.06g, 0.03mm, and 0.03mm in weight, height, and diameter, respectively. As the next step, additional randomly selected conditions were created and CAE analysis was performed. Then, the additional CAE analysis data were converted to similar experimental data through the conversion model. An artificial neural network model was constructed to predict the quality of injection molded product by using converted similar experimental data and injection molding experiment data. The injection molding conditions were used as input parameters for learning of the predicted model and weight, height, and diameter of the product were used as output parameters for learning. As a result of evaluating the performance of the prediction model, the predicted weight, height, and diameter showed RMSE values of 0.11g, 0.03mm, and 0.05mm and in terms of quality criteria of the target product, all of them showed accurate results satisfying the criteria range.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.24-31
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• 2005

정위적 방사선 수술은 한 번에 두 개내 병소에는 고선량의 방사선을 조사하면서, 주위 정상조직에는 최소한의 방사선이 조사되도록 시술하는 치료기법이다. 본 연구는 정위적 방사선 수술시 자동적 치료계획을 수행하기 위하여, 선형가속기와 감마나이프의 다수의 회전중심점을 이용하는 치료계획에 대한 물리적 격자구조에 기반한 새로운 방법을 개발하였다. 최적의 방사선 수술계획은 많은 빔관련 변수들의 조합으로서 만들어진다. 본 연구에서는 선형가속기와 감마나이프 수술시 빔 측면도의 50% 수준에서의 선량분포가 콜리메이터/헬멧의 구멍 크기와 일치하는 점을 이용하여 하나의 회전중심점을 중심으로 선량분포를 구형으로 모델화시켰다. 그리고, 다수의 회전중심점들은 병소내 위치와 크기를 고려한 정육면체 구조와 1×1×1 ㎣의 체적소 단위의 계산에 의해 자동적으로 배치시켰다. 이 기법에 의한 치료계획 방법은 선량체적히스토그램, 선량의 일치성, 선량의 균질성의 병소내 선량분포로서 평가되었다. 그 결과, 새로운 기법은 불규칙한 병소들에 대하여 프로그램 시스템에 의해 빠르게 다수의 회전중심점들을 배치시켰다. 또한, RTOG의 권고사항에 언급된 병소내 선량분포의 일치성, 균질성이 기준을 잘 만족하였고, 병소들은 50％ 이상의 등선량 곡선 내에 포함되었다. 이와 같은 성과는 불규칙하게 형성된 병소와 선형가속기나 감마나이프와 같은 다른 치료 장치 기법들에서 특별한 제약없이 보편적으로 적용이 될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.297-305
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• 2010

Medical image acquisition techniques such as CT and MRI have disadvantages in that the numerous time and efforts are needed. Furthermore, a great amount of radiation exposure is an inherent proberty of the CT imaging technique, a number of side-effects are expected from such method. To improve such conventional methods, a number of novel methods that can obtain 3D medical images from a few X-ray images, such as algebraic reconstruction technique (ART), have been developed. Such methods deform a generic model of the internal body part and fit them into the X-ray images to obtain the 3D model; the initial shape, therefore, affects the entire fitting process in a great deal. From this fact, we propose a novel method that can generate a 3D vertebraic generic model based on the statistical database of CT scans in this study. Moreover, we also discuss a method to generate patient-tailored generic model using the facts obtained from the statistical analysis. To do so, the mesh topologies of CT-scanned 3D vertebra models are modified to be identical to each other, and the database is constructed based on them. Furthermore, from the results of a statistical analysis on the database, the tendency of shape distribution is characterized, and the modeling parameters are extracted. By using these modeling parameters for generating the patient-tailored generic model, the computational speed and accuracy of ART can greatly be improved. Furthermore, although this study only includes an application to the C1 (Atlas) vertebra, the entire framework of our method can be applied to other body parts generally. Therefore, it is expected that the proposed method can benefit the various medical imaging applications.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.47-56
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 HDI(High Density Interconnection) 기판의 코어로 사용될 수 있는 카본 CCL(Copper Claded Layer)의 열거동 및 신뢰성 특성을 실험과 CAE를 이용한 수치해석을 통해 평가하였다. 카본 CCL의 특성평가를 위해 기존 FR-4 코어와 heavy cu 코어와 비교하였다. 연구결과에 의하면 pitch계열 카본코어가 적용된 PCB의 휨강도가 가장 높고 온도에 따른 변형량이 가장 낮았다. 또한, HDI 신뢰성평가 기준의 TC(Thermal Cycling), LLTS(Liquid-to-Liquid Thermal Shock), Humidity 실험을 통해 카본코어가 적용된 PCB는 신뢰성이 확보되었음을 확인하였다. 카본 파이버에 의한 불균일한 비아홀의 표면형상 여부와 드릴비트 마모 가능성을 분석하였는데 비아홀의 표면은 균일하고, 드릴비트의 표면도 매끄러워 카본 CCL의 우수한 드릴가공성도 확인하였다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.52-60
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• 2012

Minimizing the cylinder wear and the consumption rate of cylinder oil in a large two-stroke diesel engine is of great economic importance. A motor-driven cylinder lubricator for Sulzer RT-flex large two-stroke diesel engines developed by authors is in need of modifying the lubricating system to lubricate cylinder parts optimally by an electronically controlled quill device according to changes of engine load and revolution speed. In order to apply the developed accumulating distributor to an integrated cylinder lubricator by the electronically controlled system as the third research stage, the lubricating system is improved in the electronically controlled quill device with a solenoid valve. In this study, the effects of lubricator revolution speed, driving pressure and cylinder back pressure on oil feed rate, maximum discharge and delivery pressures are experimentally investigated by using the integrated cylinder lubricator system with an accumulated distribution by the electronic control. It is found that the oil feed rate of the developed integral cylinder lubricator system is less than that of the motor-driven cylinder lubricator by the electronically controlled quill system equipped with an accumulating distributor because of the decrease of delivery speed by increasing the maximum delivery pressure in the same experimental condition.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.20-27
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• 2014

In view of the importance of material reduction and rational structural design due to the rapid increase in oil and steel prices, an optimized structural hybrid design system for the doubler plate of a ship's hull structure was developed. A direct design process by a structural designer was added to this developed optimized system to increase the design efficiency and provide a way of directly inserting a designer's decisions into the design system process. As the first step of the doubler design system development, the design formulas used in doubler design system were introduced. Based on the introduction of influence coefficients $K_{t_c}$ $K_{t_d}$, $K_{b_d}$ and $K_{a_d}$ according to the variations in the doubler length, breadth, doubler thickness, and average corrosion thickness of the main plate, the design formulas for an equivalent plate thickness were developed, and a hybrid design system using these formulas was suggested for the slender doubler plate of a ship structure subjected to a longitudinal in-plane compression load. By using this developed design system, a more rational doubler plate design can be expected considering the efficient reinforcement of the plate members of ship structures. Additionally, a more detailed structural analysis through local strength evaluations will be performed to verify the efficiency of the optimum structural design for the doubler plate.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.45-49
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• 2013

Since the shell-molds are used to make casting the metal parts for the automobile industry, the quality may well be inconsistent with the lower productivity, increasing the cost of the end products. The primary elbow design shell molded steel castings being produced through extrusion process has $180^{\varnothing}$ O.D., $150^{\varnothing}$ I.D., 14mm thickness and 400mm length, while being processed onto the left side of the tubing. The primary cause for the poor processing is the uneven manual shell molding. If the manual shell molds should be produced to have even quality, they would not be processed for tube linking. The purpose of this study was to develop the flask-molds for manufacturing of the shell molds to ensure mass-production, consistent quality, ommission of processing and comfortable working environment. For this purpose, four flask-molds were produced and thereby, four shell molds were assembled. In particular, the shell molds for processing were formed of the fine coated sand to be blown. As a result, productivity increased about three times, while a consistent quality was ensured. Furthermore, the tubes could be linked with each other without being processed, while pallets could be stacked, stored, transported and managed more easily. In a nut-shell, the molding theory could be applied more effectively. However, it is conceived that this study should be followed up by future studies which will research into reliability and endurability of the end products.