• Advances in concrete construction
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.247-256
• /
• 2020

In this paper the possibility of using different regression models to predict the mechanical properties of limestone concrete after exposure to high temperatures, based on the results of non-destructive techniques, that could be easily used in-situ, is discussed. Extensive experimental work was carried out on limestone concrete mixtures, that differed in the water to cement (w/c) ratio, the type of cement and the quantity of superplasticizer added. After standard curing, the specimens were exposed to various high temperature levels, i.e., 200℃, 400℃, 600℃ or 800℃. Before heating, the reference mechanical properties of the concrete were determined at ambient temperature. After the heating process, the specimens were cooled naturally to ambient temperature and tested using non-destructive techniques. Among the mechanical properties of the specimens after heating, known also as the residual mechanical properties, the residual modulus of elasticity, compressive and flexural strengths were determined. The results show that residual modulus of elasticity, compressive and flexural strengths can be reliably predicted using an artificial neural network approach based on ultrasonic pulse velocity, residual surface strength, some mixture parameters and maximal temperature reached in concrete during heating.

• Advances in concrete construction
• /
• 제8권3호
• /
• pp.217-223
• /
• 2019

This paper presents the mechanical and microstructural properties of the geopolymer paste which was developed by utilizing the industrial by-products, rice husk ash (RHA) and ultra-fine slag. Ultra-fine slag particles with average particle size in the range of 4 to 5 microns. RHA is partially replaced with ultra-fine slag at different levels of 0 to 50%. Sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide ratio of 1.0 and alkaline liquid to binder (AL/B) ratio of 0.60 is taken. Setting time, compressive, flexural strengths were studied up to the age of 90 days with different concentrations of NaOH. The microstructure of the hybrid geopolymer paste was studied by performing the SEM, EDS, and XRD on the broken samples. RHA based geopolymer paste blended with ultrafine slag resulted in high compressive and flexural strengths and increased setting times of the paste. Strength increased with the increase in NaOH concentration at all ages. The ultra-small particles of the slag acted as a micro-filler into the paste and enhanced the properties by improving the CASH, NASH, and CSH. The maximum compressive strength of 70MPa was achieved at 30% slag content with 16M NaOH. The results of XRD, SEM, and EDS at 30% replacement of RHA with ultra-fine slag densified the paste microstructure.

• Advances in concrete construction
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.31-48
• /
• 2017

Supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) have turned out to be a vital portion of extraordinary strength and performance concrete. Metakaolin (MK) is one of SCM material is acquired by calcinations of kaolinite. Universally utilised as pozzolanic material in concrete to enhance mechanical and durability properties. This study investigates the fresh and hardened properties of conventional concrete (CC) and self compacting concrete (SCC) by partially replacing cement with MK in diverse percentages. In CC and SCC, partial replacement of cement with MK varies from 5-20%. Fresh concrete properties of CC are conducted by slump test and compaction factor tests and for SCC, slump flow, T500, J-Ring, L-Box, V-Funnel and U-Box tests. Hardened concrete characteristics are investigated by compressive, split tensile and flexural strengths at age of 7, 28 and 90 days of curing under water. Carbonation depth, water absorption and density of MK based CC and SCC was also computed. Fresh concrete test results indicated that increase in MK replacement increases workability of concrete in a constant w/b ratio. Also, outcomes reveal that concrete integrating MK had greater compressive, flexural and split tensile strengths. Optimum replacement level of MK for cement was 10%, which increased mechanical properties and robustness properties of concrete.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 2000년도 가을 학술발표회논문집(I)
• /
• pp.11-30
• /
• 2000

Structural properties of reinforced concrete, such as bond and shear strength, that depend on the tensile properties of concrete are much lower for high-strength concrete than would be expected based on relationships developed for normal-strength concretes. To determine the reason for this behavior, studies at the University of Kansas have addressed the effects of aggregate type, water-cementitious material ratio, and age on the mechanical and fracture properties of normal and high-strength concretes. The relationships between compressive strength, flexural strength, and fracture properties were studied. At the time of test, concrete ranged in age from 5 to 180 days. Water-cementitious material ratios ranged from 0.24 to 0.50, producing compressive strengths between 20 MPa(2, 920 psi) and 99 MPa(14, 320psi). Mixes contained either basalt or crushed limestone aggregate, with maximum sizes of 12mm(1/2in). or 19mm(3/4in). The tests demonstrate that the higher quality basalt coarse aggregate provides higher strengths in compression than limestone only for the high-strength concrete, but measurably higher strengths in flexure, and significantly higher fracture energies than the limestone coarse aggregate at all water-cementitious material ratios and ages. Compressive strength, water-cementitious material ratio, and age have no apparent relationship with fracture energy, which is principally governed by coarse aggregate properties. The peak bending stress in the fracture test is linearly related to flexural strength. Overall, as concrete strength increases, the amount of energy stored in the material at the peak tensile load increases, but the ability of the material to dissipate energy remains nearly constant. This suggests that, as higher strength cementitious materials are placed in service, the probability of nonductile failures will measurably increase. Both research and educational effort will be needed to develop strategies to limit the probability of brittle failures and inform the design community of the nature of the problems associated with high-strength concrete.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
• /
• 제27권6호
• /
• pp.669-676
• /
• 2015

본 연구에서는 촉진양생기술 중 하나인 마이크로웨이브 발열거푸집으로 양생된 콘크리트의 재령에 따른 압축강도를 예측할 수 있는 모델을 제시하였다. 제시된 모델은 ACI 209R-92에서 제시하고 있는 모델식과 유사하지만 시멘트종류와 양생방법에 따른 계수를 실험과 그 결과의 회귀분석에 근거하여 수정하여 제안하였다. 실험실 규모의 실험체를 타설한 후 마이크로웨이브 발열거푸집으로 촉진양생한 후 실험체로부터 채취된 코어의 압축강도를 측정하였다. 측정강도결과는 표준코어강도와 현장 콘크리트강도로 보정되었으며, 이 자료를 근거로 회귀분석을 수행하였다.

• Composites Research
• /
• 제37권2호
• /
• pp.126-131
• /
• 2024

폐쇄 금형 기반의 오븐 경화된 복합재 스킨에 대한 수분 흡수율 및 구조강도 변화를 연구하였다. 수분 함침은 필러를 도포한 시편과 도포하지 않은 시편에 대해 수행하였으며, 시편은 최대 231일 동안 수분에 노출하였다. 구조시험은 필러 도포 유무를 구분하여 인장 및 압축시험을 수행하였다. 시험 결과, 필러를 도포하지 않은 인장 및 압축시편의 수분 흡수율이 도포한 시편에 비해 각각 2.4, 0.3% 높게 나타났다. 필러를 도포하지 않은 시편의 평균 인장 강도는 305 MPa 압축강도는 139 MPa, 필러를 도포한 시편의 평균 313 MPa, 압축강도는 166 MPa로, 필러를 도포한 시편의 인장 및 압축강도가 높게 나타났다.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회A
• /
• pp.138-143
• /
• 2008

Recently, a new periodic cellular metal(PCM) named as Wire wove Bulk Kagome(WBK) was introduced. Based on the shape of tetrahedra composing a WBK, WBKs are classified into two types, namely, concave and convex type. They are easily differentiated by changing the assembling sequence. The effect of geometrical parameters such as the wire diameter, strut length and number of layers on the compressive behavior of concave type WBK has already been investigated. In this work, the similar works were performed with the convex type WBKs. It was shown that the compressive strength of the convex type WBK was quite similar to that of the concave type. The compressive strengths of convex type specimens also depend on the slenderness ratio, but a little different from those of concave type specimens in the detailed behavior. And densification occurs earlier than the concave type WBK.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제35권1호
• /
• pp.19-24
• /
• 2008

A new compressive strength test specimen for linerboard and medium was developed, and tested for its agreement with conventional testing methods such as RCT and STFI. The new specimen enables compressive testing under the changing humidity and temperature. Experimental results showed that the new specimen gave equivalent compressive strengths as the other conventional methods at a constant temperature and humidity. We'll apply the methods under the cyclic humidity and temperature conditions.

• 한국건축시공학회지
• /
• 제3권3호
• /
• pp.91-97
• /
• 2003

At present, the antiwashout underwater concretes are used as popular construction materials in European countries, the United States and Japan. The water-soluble polymers in the antiwashout underwater concretes provide excellent segregation or washout resistance, self-compaction and self-leveling property to the concretes. The purpose of this study is to recommend to optimum mix proportions of antiwashout underwater concretes according to compressive strength of 300kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$ to 500kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$. The antiwashout underwater concretes are prepared with various unit cement content, unit water content, sand-aggregate ratio, unit antiwashout agent and superplasticizer content. And they are tested for flowability, and compressive strength. From the test results, it is possible to recommend the optimum mix proportions of antiwashout underwater concretes according to compressive strengths within the range of 300kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$ to 500kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$.

• 콘크리트학회지
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.138-147
• /
• 1994

대형 콘크리트 판넬구조 수평접합부는 상부로부터 전달되는 축하중에 대하여 저항하게 되며 이때의 저항내력은 그라우트와 판넬의 강도, 접합부의 형태 및 단부 모멘트, 그라우트의 폭 등에 따라 변하게 된다. 본 연구는 패쇄형 수평접합부에 대한 실험연구로서 슬래브의 단부형태, 벽판넬의 단부보강 및 슬래브의 횡변위 구속에 따른 내력의 변화를 관찰하고자 하였다. 현재 대형 콘크리트 패널구조 수평접합부의 설계에 적용되고 있는 국내 규준식은 국내의 대형 콘크리트 패널구조와는 다소 다른 형태의 실험결과에 의해 유도된 식으로서 그 적용성에 대한 평가가 요망된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 실험결과를 근거로 이에 대한 평가를 실시할 뿐만 아니라 폐쇄형 수평접합부의 내력을 평가할 수 있는 적합한 이론식을 제시 하였다. 실험결과, 상부 벽판넬의 단면이 결손(10mm)됨에 따라 약 23.5% 내력이 저감되는 것으로 나타났으며, 슬래브 단부형태의 따른 차이와 벽판넬의 단부보강에 따른 내력의 차이, 슬래브의 횡변위 구속 유무에 따른 내력의 차이는 거의 없는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 제안되 이론식과 실험결과를 비교한 결과 이론식에 의한 결과가 실험결과와 좋은 대응을 보이는 것으로 나타났다.