• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.95-103
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• 2014

Purpose - Korea has a better geographical location than other nations in the Northeast Asian region. This means that Korea has an opportunity to become the center of international physical distribution in Northeast Asia. Korea should take advantage of this opportunity by exploring appropriate strategies to achieve this goal, assuming government willingness, with a view to capitalizing on the geographical advantage of the Korean peninsula and constructing a comprehensive physical distribution network system. If we prepare for this scenario, Korea could become the center of international physical distribution in Northeast Asia. Research design, data, and methodology - This study has the purpose of determining how shipping companies form partnerships with third-party logistics providers, and the relevant implications. The survey methods used were personal interview and a questionnaire distributed through e-mail, fax, mail, and telephone. A total of 600 questionnaires were distributed, out of which 285 were returned. Of the collected questionnaires, 10 were excluded because of insufficient content, leaving 275 to be used in the study as available valid samples. The data that was collected from these samples was analyzed using the data coating process and by employing a statistical package program. Results - Flexible policies, administration, and systems will be needed to create better business practices. In this dissertation, first and foremost, the results reveal that in order to become the center of Northeast Asian logistics, Korea must transition into a new paradigm based on the current economic and social systems that have stemmed from bureaucracy, inflexibility, chauvinism, and egalitarianism. Flexible policies, administration, and systems will be required to create better business practices. Domestic logistics corporations need to occupy a strategic logistics hub, create a logistics network, and activate value-added logistics business strategies by ensuring significant manpower and by building a logistics information system to strengthen their competitive edge, creating an improved system. Conclusions - In this dissertation, first and foremost, we point out that in order to become a center of North East Logistics, Korea should change to a new paradigm from the old one based on current economic and social systems that have stemmed from bureaucracy, inflexibility, chauvinism, and egalitarianism. More reasonable business laws, systems, and policies based on market-driven flexibility and transparency should be created. Moreover, social norms and rules should be reasonably established, to accomplish political and social security. Korea has to cultivate a culture of tolerance for foreign companies. This involves a change of paradigm for the development of the capital city and satellite cities. It will take a powerful task force or organization to plan and execute the vision that aims to meet these needs, accomplish the necessary goals, use the appropriate system effectively, and make Korea a key country in the field of Northeast Asian logistics.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.63-68
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• 2010

Utility-Pipe Conduit is, Housing and city effectively accommodate what they absolutely need power, communications, gas, pipeline, water supply, drainage, energy facilities etc, according to expansion of urban infrastructure are derived, several ways to solve problems in, collection facilities in place are maintained and managed facility. If Utility-Pipe Conduit is damaged, as well as national security, because their impact on society as a whole, by introducing large vulnerability in the fire prevention activities and suppression measures and disaster for our situation by introducing measures, comprehensive analysis of the fire risk, it shall establish fire prevention activities and suppression through analysis of Utility-Pipe Conduit design, institutional issues, the problem of fire protection facilities, fire spread phenomenon etc. Because of Utility-Pipe Conduit is an enclosed place, so incomplete combustion due to lack of oxygen supply that there are problem such dark smoke, carbon monoxide etc, toxic combustion products and heat generation and visual impairment is an issue difficult to enter. As well as fire prevention activities, the fire In light of the particularity of the under ground than above ground fire, so this phenomenon is weak fire fighting that fire to become effective fire fighting tactics, basically it is necessary difficulty softening, non-burn softening and prevent combustion expansion of the cable is installed on the Utility-Pipe Conduit, having to considering the specificity of the response command system and relevant organizations to establish an on-site, Structural identification and other information gathering required to record of Response agencies, keep air conditioning system 24 hours and strengthening Virtual Total Training of Response agen

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.439-445
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• 2018

This study was conducted to investigate the status of oral health behavior according to economic inequality in Korea. Raw data for the 3rd year (2015) of the 6th national health and nutrition survey were analyzed. Among surveyed individuals, adults over the age of 19 were designated as research subjects. The results indicated that a smaller 'house income' was associated with a higher supply and demand experience for basic living and a higher DMFT. Additionally, a higher DMFT was associated with a lower 'house income', lower 'education level', and the 'experience of basic living security received'. Oral health behavior inequality was caused by economic inequality. Overall, these results indicate that it is necessary for the oral health service of vulnerable groups to strengthen preventive activities through comprehensive arbitration policies regarding the social decision factors of public health projects.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.75-87
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• 2000

The aims of this study are to establish a mode of housing life style that meet the demands of families living in big cities, and the contribute to the development of a better housing life style pattern by considering metropolitan residents' choice of housing and basic concepts of their behavioral patterns. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Value orientation of family life was divided into value orientation of family and value orientation of housing. Value orientation of family was constituted of four factors such as 'harmony', 'leisure and hobbies', 'individual development and its support' , 'education' . Value orientation of housing is constituted of three factors such as 'physical characteristics of house' , '\`environmental condition', 'socio-economic conditions of housing'. The comprehensive life values were constituted of six factors such as 'the importance of communal family', 'the importance of housing decoration and housing life benefits', 'the importance of security and holding environment' , 'the importance of familial harmony', 'the importance of privacy', 'the importance of convenience and natural environment'. Based on three factors, were found to be fine types of value orientation of family life which were 'pursue healthy of family', 'comfort of family', 'clean environment', 'convenient environment', and 'harmonious relationship among family members'. Variables influencing the value orientation of family life were property and price of housing. 2. Consumption propensity when buying house, furniture and durables were constituted of four factors which were propensity to 'beauty', 'fashion', 'tradition and symbol', and 'pragmatic use'. Based on these factors, there were found to be four types of consumption propensity when buying house, furniture and durables which were 'fashion', 'tradition and symbol', 'beauty', and 'pragmatic use'. Variables influencing spending habits were found to be objective social class (SES), types of residence, wife's educational background, and price of housing. 3. Propensity to using space were constituted of three factors which were 'convenience', 'politeness and social grace', and 'housekeeping'. Based on these factors, there were found to be three types of propensity to using space which were 'individuality', 'convenience', and 'politeness and housekeeping'. Variables influencing propensity to use of space were found to be objective social class (SES), wife's educational background, types of homeownership and price of housing 4. According to this study, there were found to be six patterns of housing life style: 1) family that seeks formalist life, 2) family that seeks harmonious life, 3) family that seeks active healthy life, 4) family that combine various factors, 5) family that seeks convenience, 6) family that stresses environment.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.247-284
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• 2017

Purpose The first purpose of this study is to investigate factors that are likely to influence user's intention to adopt third-party mobile payment platform. A comprehensive study about mobile payment services have used various variables to explain user's use intention based on the theory of reasoned action (TRA) or the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Variables such as simplicity, security, costs, relative advantage, individual mobility, subjective norm, trust, satisfaction, attitude towards use, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and so on. Among these factors, we expect to find out the most influential factors effecting user's use intention of the third-party mobile payment services. Second, we also examine whether the most influential factors have the same influence to different third-party mobile payment services by conducting comparative study of Alipay and WeChat Pay. Design/methodology/approach Empirical data for this study were collected from Chinese who has the experience using or have used Alipay or WeChat Pay. Participants needed to be familiar with Alipay or WeChat Pay because such users may be more aware of both the advantages and disadvantages of Alipay and WeChat Pay. We conduct a pilot test using Smart PLS 2.0, which includes 50 Alipay users and 82 WeChat Pay users. The result indicates that all the measurement fit for the context. And then 980 questionnaires were mainly sent out to the college students and the e-mails users randomly. To encourage participation, we give the participants a small gift as a present. Finally, we received a total of 683 replied. Data from respondents who gave incomplete or invalid answers were excluded to assure the validity of the constructs. 79 questionnaires were rejected, finally the valid data are 604 (with 372 Alipay users and 232 WeChat Pay users). Findings The results suggest that users' intention is determined by their trust on third-party mobile payment service and perceived usefulness of use. Comparative study results also indicated that the factors have different influence on Alipay group and WeChat Pay group, which offers a new aspect for academic field, and provides useful information to mobile payment service providers in China.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.196-215
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• 2007

The Representatives of Korea & India hold The Sixth negotiation for conclusion of Korean-India CEPA(Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement) at IFANS(Institute of Foreign Affairs & National Security) in Seoul at April 4, 2007. The latest, India is paid attention by the citizen of the world as the leading country that it lead the 21C's world economic with the China, India is called one of the BRICs and Chindia countries. Now, the concern of the citizen of world inclines huge potential energy of India. It is that time, we must change our concern from Chinas to India slowly. This paper put emphasis the point that we have to move switch over the focus of our study from to India, now.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.458-465
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• 2020

Technological advances in artificial intelligence are affecting many industries, such as telecommunications, logistics, security, and healthcare, and research and development related to economic, efficiency, linkage with commercial technologies are the current focus. Predicting the changes in the future battlefield environment and ways of conducting war from a strategic point of view, as well as designing/planning the direction of military development for a leading response is not only a basic element to prepare for comprehensive future threats but also an indispensable factor that can produce an optimal effect over a limited budget/time. From this perspective, this study was conducted as part of a technology-driven plan to discover potential future technologies with high potential for use in the defense field and apply them to R&D. In this study, based on research data collected in a defense future technology investigation, the future new technology that requires further research was predicted by considering the redundancy with existing defense research projects and the feasibility of technology. In addition, an empirical study was conducted to verify the significance between the future new defense technology and the evaluation indicators in the AI field.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.891-903
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• 2017

In recent days, school violence has been rising as a significant social problem. The occurrence of school violence can be fueled by a wide range of social and environmental contexts, thus it is very difficult to come up with the ultimate solution. Community CPTED program is one of the more comprehensive set of efforts that has been developed to prevent crime in general, and the primary focus of the study is to investigate suitable components of CPTED to prevent school violence based on the physical conditions of communities as well as the perception of residents outside of school grounds, in the vicinity of schools. Three sets of analyses in series were employed in the research. First, Ward's minimum-variance cluster analysis was used to classify the places where school violence can occur outside of school grounds based on the physical conditions recognized by local residents. Next, Importance-Performance Analysis was performed to analyze the perception of local residents about the importance and the effectiveness of CPTED components in preventing school violence. Subsequently, Ordered Logit Model was used to analyze the local residents' awareness on safety regarding school violence in their community space. Combining the results of the analyses, the priority of the community CPTED applications to prevent school violence outside of school was derived. Reflecting the local residents' perception on safety of students in their community, the sense of security in communities against school violence can be reinforced by the communities' sensible efforts in creating safer environment for their students.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.3-26
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• 2005

In recent years, there is growing concern about the potential use of biological agents in war or acts of terrorism accompanied an increased realization that rapid preparedness and response are needed to prevent or treat the human damage that can be caused by these agents. The threat is indeed serious, and the potential for devastating numbers of casualties is high. The use of agents as weapons, even on a small scale, has the potential for huge social and economic disruption and massive diversion of regional and national resources to combat the threat, to treat primary disease, and to clean up environmental contamination. Biological weapons are one of weapons of mass destruction (or mass casualty weapons, to be precise. since they do not damage non-living entities) that are based on bacteria, viruses, rickettsia, fungi or toxins produced by these organisms. Biological weapons are known to be easy and cheap to produce and can be used to selectively target humans, animals, or plants. Theses agents can cause large numbers of casualties with minimal logistical requirements (in wide area). The spread of disease cannot be controlled until there is awareness of the signs of infection followed by identification of agents; and if the organism is easily spread from person to person, as in the case of smallpox, the number of casualties could run into the tens of thousands. Biological weapons could be used covertly, there can be a lot of different deployment scenarios. A lot of different agents could be used in biological weapons. And, there are a lot of different techniques to manufacture biological weapons. Terrorist acts that make use of Biological Agents differ in a number of ways from those involving chemicals. The distinction between terrorist and military use of Biological Weapon is increasingly problematic. The stealthy qualities of biological weapons further complicate the distinction between terrorism and war. In reality, all biological attacks are likely to require an integrated response involving both military and civilian communities. The basic considerations when public health agencies establish national defence plan against bioterrorism must be 1) arraying various laws and regulations to meet the realistic needs, 2)education for public health personnels and support of concerned academic society, 3)information collection and cooperative project with other countries, 4)Detection and surveillance(Early detection is essential for ensuring a prompt response to biological or chemical attack, including the provision of prophylactic medicines, chemical antidotes, or vaccines) and 5) Response(A comprehensive public health response to a biological or chemical terrorist event involves epidemiologic investigation, medical treatment and prophylaxis for affacted persons, and the initiation of disease prevention or environmental decontamination measures). The purpose of this paper is providing basic material of preparedness and response for biological terrorism in modern society.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.1-14
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• 2017

As we enter the era of big data, the value of personal information is becoming ever more important. However, personal information protection laws in Korea have several issues. Furthermore, existing research are limited in their ability to facilitate a comprehensive understanding of measures to improve personal information protection laws. Accordingly, this study analyzes improvements to be made in the current personal information protection laws based on existing research. A total of 39 research articles discussing the problems of the personal information protection law were selected and analyzed by applying the meta - analysis technique. According to the results, the various issues such as the meaning and scope of personal information, the role and obligations of relevant parties, provision of personal information to third parties, and redundant and imbalanced regulations in special acts in each field. that exist in the current personal information protection laws were confirmed. This study contributes to the improvement of inconsistency between information protection laws and related special laws in each field in practice. Academically, it will contribute to understanding the problems of th law from the macro perspective and suggesting the integrated improvement ways of the law.