• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.104-107
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• 1984

The essential oil fraction of Leonurus sibiricus was analyzed by TLC and gas chromatography. By utilizing silica gel column, a ketone compound, m.w. 167, was isolated from the essential oil. The essential oil showed considerably the diuretic action, but the water extract exhibited weak action. This diuretic action of the water extract was potentiated by combined administration of essential oil. On the isolated rabbit's uterus the essential oil decreased spontanous movement and showed relaxation.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 2001

Background : Carpal tunnel syndrome(CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy that refers to a group of signs and symptoms resulting from compression of the median nerve at the wrist. The course of CTS in older patients is different from the younger patients. This difference may be the result of different underlying mechanisms. The different nerve conduction studies of CTS may signify different approaches in management. This study was done to assess the differences in nerve conduction study of CTS in younger and older patients. Methods : This study involved 224 patients who visited Gachon Medical School, Gil Medical Center and was diagnosed by nerve conduction study from October 1997 to October 1999. We compared the results of nerve conduction study to age, especially in between those under 60 years and those 60 years or over CTS patients. Nerve conduction study consists of motor studies of both median nerves(terminal latency, compound action potential) and sensory studies(nerve conduction velocity, nerve action potential). And we also evaluated the variables between younger and older patients group. Those variables include sex, symptom period, laterality, abnormal physical findings and radiculopathy. Results : We found that a significant increase of terminal latency(p<0.1), but a decrease in compound motor action potential(p<0.05) in older patient's group. There was no significant differences in sensory nerve conduction velocity and action potential between those under 60 years and those 60 years or even patients. And also there was no significant difference in sex, symptom period, laterality, abnormal physical findings, radiculopathy between older and younger patients. Conclusions : This study showed a significant increase in the terminal latency and a decrease in compound action potential in older patients. The different nerve conduction studies of CTS by age effect may need different approaches in management.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.9 no.1_2
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• pp.1-3
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• 1965

A new compound, (5-nitro-2-furfurylidene)-p, $p^{'}$ -diaminodiphenylsulfone, was synthesized by refluxing the mixture of 5-nitrofurfural and p, $p^{'}$-diaminodiphenylsulfone$ in ethanol solution. It exhibited good antibactericidal action against several micro-organisms.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.44-47
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• 1999

Three 1,2-benzothiazine derivatives were synthesized, and their analgesic / anti-inflammatory efficacy and their effect s of gastric irritation were evaluated. Among the three compounds, 39 exhibited the most potent anlagesic action, but the effect was weaker than that of piroxicam. Nonetheless, the compound showed 4 times more potent analgesic action with less gastric damage than did ibuprofen. These compounds did not show anti-inflammatory effect at an oral dose of 5 mg/kg.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.178-184
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• 2000

Laryngeal evoked EMG is the objective and quantitative method to measure the innervation of laryngeal muscle. If there is a mobility disorder of vocal cords, the cause and location of neural lesion co be understood by the laryngeal evoked EMG and if there is a vocal cord paralysis, the degree of recovery and the policy of treatment can be determined by it. Recently, the studies of reinnervation after recurrent laryngeal nerve injury have been actively carried out. Laryngeal evoked EMC is useful to these studies. The aim of study is to know whether noninvasive methods for stimulating the recurrent laryngeal nerve and for recording of compound action potential(CAP) using surface electrode are as useful as the invasive method using needle electrode. We obtained EMG of laryngeal muscle by various stimulating and recording methods : 1) Direct nerve stimulation by placing nerve cuff electrode made out of silastic tube and platinum wire and recording by insertion of hook wire electrode into posterior cricoarytenoid(PCA) and thyroarytenoid(TA) muscles, respectively. 2) Recording of compound action potential by surface electrode after stimulation of recurrent laryngeal nerve by the insertion of 27 gauge of needle electrode. 3) Recording of compound action potential by surface electrode after stimulating the recurrent laryngeal nerve by transcutaneous blunt rod electrode at tracheoesophageal groove. The amplitude, duration and latency of the CAP evoked by recurrent laryngeal nerve stimulation were compared among the three groups. The amplitude of CAP was smallest in the group recorded from posterior cricoarytenoid and hyroarytenoid muscle, and that recorded by surface electrode after stimulation by needle electrode was largest. The difference in amplitude between the group by hook wire recording and the two groups by surface electrode recording was significant statistically. There is no significant difference in duration and latency among three groups. Since the waveform of CAP from all three methods has similar duration, latency, we concluded that noninvasive method is a useful as invasive methods.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.616-621
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• 1995

The effect of WK101 on compound 48/80-induced anaphylaxis was studied in rat. WK101 was found to exhibit a inhibitory activity on the compound 48/80-induced anaphylaxis. WK101 also inhibited the serum histamine release induced in anaphylaxis by compound 48/80. The effect of WK101 on the histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells was studied. WK101 ($10^{3}-1mg/ml$) inhibited the histamine release induced by compound 48/80($5{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/ml$) in rat peritoneal mast cells. To clarify the mechanism of these inhibitons, we investigated the effects of WK101 on cAMP and intracellular calcium content of rat peritoneal mast cell. The content of cAMP in mast cells, when WK101 was added, was increased transiently, and was significantly increased more 53 fold at 10 sec than that of basal cells. Moreover, WK101 inhibited intracellular calcium release induced by compoound 48/80. This results suggest that WK101 may be useful for the prevention and treatment of allergy-related disease.

• BMB Reports
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• v.55 no.9
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• pp.417-428
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• 2022

Herbal medicine, a multi-component treatment, has been extensively practiced for treating various symptoms and diseases. However, its molecular mechanism of action on the human body is unknown, which impedes the development and application of herbal medicine. To address this, recent studies are increasingly adopting systems pharmacology, which interprets pharmacological effects of drugs from consequences of the interaction networks that drugs might have. Most conventional network-based approaches collect associations of herb-compound, compound-target, and target-disease from individual databases, respectively, and construct an integrated network of herb-compound-target-disease to study the complex mechanisms underlying herbal treatment. More recently, rapid advances in high-throughput omics technology have led numerous studies to exploring gene expression profiles induced by herbal treatments to elicit information on direct associations between herbs and genes at the genome-wide scale. In this review, we summarize key databases and computational methods utilized in systems pharmacology for studying herbal medicine. We also highlight recent studies that identify modes of action or novel indications of herbal medicine by harnessing drug-induced transcriptome data.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.123-132
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• 1994

The present study was undertaken to elucidate the desensitization of cutaneous receptors and the conduction block of the afferent nerves induced by direct application of allyl isotheocyanate (mustard oil) to the receptive field (RF) or onto the afferent nerve, respectively. Dorsal horn cell responses to mechanical stimulations of RF were completely suppressed when mustard oil was applied to either the afferent nerve or the whole area of RF. C-fiber responses of dorsal horn cells were more susceptive to mustard oil than A-fiber activities. This was confirmed by the experiment in which the compound action potentials recorded from rat tibial nerve before and after topical application of mustard oil were compared. The higher the concentration of mustard oil and the longer the application time, the more powerful desensitization or conduction block was induced. From the results of the present study, it is suggested that the desensitization of the afferent fiber and sensory receptors induced by mustard oil results mainly from the conduction block of C-fiber in the primary afferent nerve.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.19-24
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• 1996

Carbamates are generally used as insecticide, thus 5.7-dichloro-8~hydroxyquinolinyl- N-ethylcarbamate was newly synthesized. Its physical properties were determined and chemical structure was identified by means of I.R., nmr in addition to elemental analysis. The yield of addition, using triethylamine as catalyst, 5.7-dichloro-8-hydroxyquinoline and isocyanate was better than that of condensation of 5.7-dichloro-8-hydroxyquinoline with carbamoylchloride. The effct of the compound on rabbit's ileum, and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Echerichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were examined. The present organic synthesized compound showed the bacteriostatic action on salmonella typhi, escherichia coli, and pseudomonas aeruginosa, but no otherwise effect of contraction of rabbit's ileum in the concentration of $250 \mu g/ml$.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.198-200
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• 1990

3, 4-Diphenyl-5-cyanopyridazin-6-one 3 was prepared from the reaction of cyano acetamide 2 with benzihydrazone in dry pyridine. A series of its derivatives was prepard. Tolyl and benene sulphonyl derivatives 6a and 6b are also prepared. 3, 4-Diphenyl-5-cyanopyridazin-6-thione 5 was obtained from 3 by the action of $P_2S_5$ while 3, 4 diphenyl-5-cyano 6-chloropyridazine 4 was obtained from 3 by the action POCl$_3$. The reaction of 4 with hydrazine hydrate directly afforded the pyrazolopyridazine derivative 7. Compound 4 also reacted with phenylhydrazine, aniline, thiophenol and anthranilic acid to yield pyridazine derivatives 8, 9, 10 and 11, respectively. On treatment of compound 11 with acetic anhydride it cyclised to afford pyridazino pyrimidine derivatives 12.