• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.435-457
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• 2006

The paper presents the cost optimization of composite floor trusses composed from a reinforced concrete slab of constant depth and steel trusses consisting of hot rolled channel sections. The optimization was performed by the nonlinear programming approach, NLP. Accordingly, a NLP optimization model for composite floor trusses was developed. An accurate objective function of the manufacturing material, power and labour costs was proposed to be defined for the optimization. Alongside the costs, the objective function also considers the fabrication times, and the electrical power and material consumption. Composite trusses were optimized according to Eurocode 4 for the conditions of both the ultimate and the serviceability limit states. A numerical example of the optimization of the composite truss system presented at the end of the paper demonstrates the applicability of the proposed approach.

• 산업공학
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.17-26
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• 1988

This paper describes a nonlinear goal programming approach to the optimal composition of composite solid propellant taking multiple characteristics into consideration synchronously. The nonlinear goal programming model with response functions, restrictions and the optimal value of each characteristic is developed using Scheffe's "Experiments with mixtures" and preference weighting system. Objective functions are described based on process, performance and assurance characteristics. The systematic approach to optimal composition in this study is proved efficient through a CTPB-AL-AP propellant which is one of composite solid propellant systems.

• 한국복합재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국복합재료학회 2000년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.143-148
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• 2000

In this article, we presents multi-objective design optimization of laminated composite beam using Fuzzy programming method. At first, the two design objectives are minimizing the structural weight and maximizing the buckling load respectively. Fuzzy multi-optimization problem can be formulated based on results of single optimizations. Due to different relative importance of design objectives, membership functions are constructed by adding exponential parameters for different objective's weights. Finite element analysis of composite beam for buckling behavior are carried by Natural mode method proposed by J.Argyris and computational time of analysis can be reduced. With this scheme, a designer can conveniently obtain a compromise optimal solution of a multi-objective optimization problem only by providing some exponential parameters corresponding to the importance of the objective functions.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.1391-1407
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• 1990

본 연구에서는 Kam과 Chang의 연구와 같이 판의 최소 처짐, 판의 최대 모달 에너지 감쇠비 및 최대 고유 진동수를 설계제한 조건으로 택하고 Watkins와 Morris가 사용한 순환 선형 계획법을 이용하여 혼합 적층 복합 재료판의 최적설계를 수행하였다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.293-309
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• 2022

Accurate design models for predicting the shear resistance of headed studs in solid concrete slabs are essential for obtaining economical and safe steel-concrete composite structures. In this study, symbolic regression with genetic programming (GPSR) was applied to experimental data to formulate new descriptive equations for predicting the shear resistance of studs in solid slabs using both normal and lightweight concrete. The obtained GPSR-based nominal resistance equations demonstrated good agreement with the test results. The equations indicate that the stud shear resistance is insensitive to the secant modulus of elasticity of concrete, which has been included in many international standards following the pioneering work of Ollgaard et al. In contrast, it increases when the stud height-to-diameter ratio increases, which is not reflected by the design models in the current international standards. The nominal resistance equations were subsequently refined for use in design from reliability analyses to ensure that the target reliability index required by the Eurocodes was achieved. Resistance factors for the developed equations were also determined following US design practice. The stud shear resistance predicted by the proposed models was compared with the predictions from 13 existing models. The accuracy of the developed models exceeds the accuracy of the existing equations. The proposed models produce predictions that can be used with confidence in design, while providing significantly higher stud resistances for certain combinations of variables than those computed with the existing equations given by many standards.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제52권10호
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• pp.584-592
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• 2003

This paper presents a fuzzy-GA method for the allocation and operation of dispersed generator systems(DGs) based on load model in composite distribution systems. Groups of each individual load model consist of residential, industrial, commercial, official and agricultural load. The problem formulation considers an objective to reduce power loss of distribution systems and the constraints such as the number or total capacity of DGs and the deviation of the bus voltage. The main idea of solving fuzzy goal programming is to transform the original objective function and constraints into the equivalent multi-objectives functions with fuzzy sets to evaluate their imprecise nature for the criterion of power loss minimization, the number or total capacity of DGs and the bus voltage deviation, and then solve the problem using genetic algorithm. The method proposed is applied to IEEE 12 bus and 33 bus test systems to demonstrate its effectiveness. .

• 전산구조공학
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.255-263
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• 1997

실제로 구조시스템들의 최적설계는 설계변수가 연속값이 아닌 이산값을 요하는 경우가 대부분이다. 본 논문은 이산형 설계변수를 갖는 비대칭 복합 적층평판에 대해 선형 근사화방법을 이용한 이산최적설계를 수행하였으며, 이 방법이 매우 효율적임을 보였다. 대상 문제는 축력, 전단력, 그리고 휨과 비틀림 모멘트의 평면 내하중들(in-plane loads)의 다중하중조건을 받는 것으로 고려하였으며, 복합 적층평판을 구성하는 플라이들에 대한 최대변형률 규준을 설계 제약조건으로 부과하였다. 이산 최적화를 위한 초기 접근방법으로 단 한번의 연속변수 최적화 과정이 FDM(Feasible Direction Method)을 이용하여 수행되었으며, 차후 이산 및 연속변수를 포함하는 비선형 이산최적화문제를 SLDP(Sequential Linear Discrete Programming)방법에 의해 선형 근사화된 혼합정수계획문제로 형성하여 풀었다. 수치예에서 6개의 플라이로 구성된 비대칭 복합 적층평판을 대상으로 회전식 적층배열([(90-.theta.)/-(60+.theta.)/-.theta./-(45+.theta.)/(45-.theta.)]/sub s/)에 따른 이산최적해를 구하였다. 효율성 입증을 위해 똑같은 문제를 비선형 분기한계법을 이용하여 풀었으며, 그 결과를 비교 분석하였다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.1163-1192
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• 2016

This paper presents the cost optimization of a composite I beam floor system, designed to be made from a reinforced concrete slab and steel I sections. The optimization was performed by the mixed-integer non-linear programming (MINLP) approach. For this purpose, a number of different optimization models were developed that enable different design possibilities such as welded or standard steel I sections, plastic or elastic cross-section resistances, and different positions of the neutral axes. An accurate economic objective function of the self-manufacturing costs was developed and subjected to design, resistance and deflection (in)equality constraints. Dimensioning constraints were defined in accordance with Eurocode 4. The Modified Outer-Approximation/Equality-Relaxation (OA/ER) algorithm was applied together with a two-phase MINLP strategy. A numerical example of the optimization of a composite I beam floor system, as presented at the end of this paper, demonstrates the applicability of the proposed approach. The optimal result includes the minimal produced costs of the structure, the optimal concrete and steel strengths, and dimensions.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.431-446
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• 2007

복합 웹 서비스 선택은 서비스의 기능만을 명시한 추상 워크플로우에 바인딩 정보를 추가하여 주어진 QoS 요구사항을 만족하는 복합 웹 서비스를 구성하는 과정이다. 웹 서비스의 급격한 증가와 QoS가 동적으로 변하는 웹 서비스 환경을 고려할 때 주어진 QoS 요구사항을 만족하는 복합 웹 서비스의 빠른 선택이 중요하다. 본 논문은 워크플로우 분할에 기반하여 복합 웹 서비스를 빠르게 선택하는 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 방법은 추상 워크플로우를 두 개의 서브 워크플로우로 분할하여 선택 과정에서 고려되는 후보 서비스의 수를 줄인다. 분할된 워크플로우의 QoS 요구사항은 원래의 QoS 요구사항을 분해함으로서 생성한다. QoS 요구사항의 분해는 휴리스틱에 기반하기 때문에 워크플로우 분할 시 적절한 복합 웹 서비스를 선택하지 못할 가능성이 있다. 이러한 실패를 줄이기 위해 주어진 QoS 요구사항의 제약정도를 정의하고 적절한 제약정도를 가지는 요구사항에 한해 워크플로우를 분할한다. 서비스 선택은 mixed integer linear programming을 이용하여 해결한다. 실험 결과 제안된 워크플로우 분할 방법은 99% 이상의 성공률을 보였다. 특히 워크플로우 분할 시 모든 경우에 대해서 복합 웹 서비스를 보다 빠르게 선택하였으며 이때 선택된 복합 웹 서비스의 QoS는 최적 서비스와 5%미만의 차이를 보였다.

• 한국지능시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국퍼지및지능시스템학회 1998년도 The Third Asian Fuzzy Systems Symposium
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• pp.347-351
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• 1998

Dynamic programming is applicable to any situation where items from several groups must be combined to form an entity, such as a composite investment or a transportation route connecting several districts. The most desirable entity is constructed in stages by forming sub-entities that are candidates for inclusion in the most desirable entity are retained, and all other sub-entities are discarded. In the paper, the fuzzy dynamic programming is applied to the situation where each investment in the set has the following characteristics : the amount to be invested has several possible values, and the rte of return varies with the amount invested. Each sum that may be invested represents a distinct level of investment , and the investment therefore has multiple levels. A numeric example constructing a combination of multilevel investments is given in the paper.