• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.173-179
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• 2009

Congenital thoracic malformations such as intra- and extra-pulmonary sequestration, cystic adenomatoid malformation, congenital pulmonary airway malformation, malinosculation, bronchogenic cyst, reduplication cyst, and foregut cyst are frequently detected on routine prenatal ultrasound. There are some controversies about treatment for postnatally persistent pulmonary sequestration. Some authors recommend expectant long term follow up but most authors advocate elective surgical excision because of complication such as respiratory distress, infection, intrathoracic bleeding, haemoptysis, cardiac failure, and potential risk of malignancy. We experienced 2 cases of prenatally diagnosed extrapulmonary sequestration which were located in the subdiaphragmatic retroperitoneum. Resections were performed at 2 months and 4 months of age using intraabdominal approach. There were no complications. In conclusion, if the prenatally diagnosed extrapulmonary sequestration remained postnatally, early operation might reduce morbidity related to extrapulmonary sequestration and parental anxiety without any postoperative complication.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.163-175
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• 1999

This study was done to identify the effectiveness of a proper positioning on musculoskeletal complication on patient with Stroke by using a quasi-experimental study. A total of 18 patients were selected as a subject from June 1st to October 31th 1998 who had been hospitalized at Intensive Care Units in K medical center. A experimental group consists of 8 patients who were given proper positioning every two hours. A control group consists of 10 patients who were given traditional positioning. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS windows including $X^2$-test (Fisher's exact method), Wilcoxon Rank Sum test and McNemar test. The result of this study was summerized as follows : 1) The experimental group with proper positioning has shown lower shoulder pain score, dorsiflexion contracture score, Shoulder subluxation score and higher Range of Motion and than the control group. 2) The experimental group with proper positioning has shown lower muscle pain score and edema score than the control group, but it was not statistically significant.Therefore, proper positioning could be applied as an independent nursing intervent ion for patients on Stroke in order to facilitate rehabilitation.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.146-148
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• 2002

Progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) is a multi-systemic disorder characterized by abundant fibrosis of the skin, blood vessels, and visceral organs. But it rarely affects the peripheral nervous system. We report a 36-year-old man of painful trigeminal neuropathy as a complication of PSS. He was referred from Rheumatology for the evaluation of abruptly developed bilateral facial pain. He had facial hypesthesia and paresthesia on neurologic examinations. In the blink reflex, ipsilateral and contralateral R1 and R2 responses were not detected during bilateral supraorbital stimulation. But normal latency and CMAP amplitude of facial NCV were found. Under the impression of trigeminal neuropathy caused by PSS, steroid therapy was tried, and his clinical symptoms and electrophysiologic findings were improved. PSS could be the cause of the painful trigeminal neuropathy.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.158-163
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• 2000

Over the past several years, countless patients have benefitted from the use of leeches in microsurgery. As we know, leeches are used to overcome the problem of venous congestion by creating prolonged localized bleeding uniquely characteristics of leech bite. Venous congestion, a common complication of digital replantation, often has been treated through surgical repair like arteriovenous anastomosis. The leech produces a number of important substances which contribute to the special property of the bite, including an anticoagulant, a local vasodilator and local anesthetics. The bite usually bleeds for 1 to 2 hours and under special circumstances may bleed for up to 24 hours. So venous congestion is relieved. However, leeches increase the possibility of infection through their gut content. Infection associated medical leech application is significant risk. Other risk include allergic reaction, adverse psychologic reaction and blood loss requiring transfusion. The 65 cases of medical leech application were performed between August, 1997 and May, 2000 according to an established protocol. The complication were 18 cases ; infection (13 cases), hemorrhage (2 cases), allergic reaction (1 case), psychologic problem (1 case) and hypochromic anemia (1 case). Then our study was performed on the base of indication. As a result, Aeromonas hydrophilia was cultured from gut of medical leech and Klebsiella, Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas were cultured from media. We present the clinical risk-benefit of the medical leech therapy through several cases following digital replantation.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.127-133
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• 2000

Free TRAM flap is now increasingly suggested to patients requiring breast reconstruction after the mastectomy. This study is to introduce the experiences of bilateral free TRAM flaps for reconstruction of bilateral breasts and to suggest the way of getting the more satisfactory results. A total of 6 breasts were reconstructed in 3 patients using bilateral free TRAM flaps immediately following the mastectomy. Average operative time for bilateral breast reconstruction was 8 hours comparing to 6.5 hours for unilateral breast reconstruction. Partial or total flap loss did not occur in 6 flaps. Abdomen was repaired directly with muscle and fascia sparing technique without necessity of mesh graft. There was no complication in donor site like abdominal hernia. Bilateral breast reconstruction can achieve exceptionally good aesthetic result with low complication if it is performed with skillful technique and experience. The reason for this is that fairly good symmetry usually is obtained in the initial surgery and in most cases only minimal additional surgery is required to achieve a satisfactory aesthetic result. The one disadvantage of bilateral reconstruction with autologous tissue is the length of the surgical procedure. Although the initial bilateral breast reconstruction can be a long, tedious procedure if free flaps are used, it must be a valuable treatment option for bilaterally mastectomized patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.54-57
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• 2016

Percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) has become an increasingly popular method of establishing an airway for patients in need of chronic ventilator assistance. We report a rare case of a 42-year-old female who developed extensive subcutaneous emphysema, bilateral pneumothoraces, pneumomediastinum, and pneumoperitoneum after percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy. The patient suffered from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and underwent PDT after a period of mechanical ventilation. During PDT, tracheostomy tube was inserted into the paratracheal space. Follow-up chest radiography and computed tomography of chest and abdomen revealed extensive subcutaneous emphysema, bilateral pneumothoraces, pneumomediastinum, and pneumoperitoneum. The patient was treated successfully with insertion of the thoracostomy tube and conservative care.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.188-193
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• 2007

Varicella-zoster virus is a human herpesvirus that causes chickenpox (varicella), becomes latent in cranial nerve and dorsal root ganglia, and frequently reactivates to produce shingles (zoster) and postherpetic neuralgia. Varicella zoster meningitis is a rare complication after varicella zoster infection. It usually affects a patient of immunocompromised or impaired cellular immunity, is rare in a immunocompetent child. We report two cases of aseptic meningitis in association with varicella zoster, not having any complication in the immunocompetent children.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.202-205
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• 2015

Purpose: Pulmonary cement embolization after vertebroplasty is a well-known complication. The reported incidence of pulmonary cement emboli after vertebroplasty ranges frome 2.1% to 26% with much of this variation resulting from which radiographic technique is used to detect embolization. Onset and severity of symptoms are variable. Case description: We present the case of a 83-year-old women who underwent fourth lumbar vertebroplasty and subsequently had dyspnea several days later. Posteroanterior chest radiography showed multiple linear densities. Computed tomography of thorax revealed also multiple bilateral, linear hyperdensities within the lobar pulmonary artery branches are detected in axial and coronal views. Literature Reviews: Operative management of vertebral compression fractures has included percutaneous vetebroplasty for the past 25 years. Symptoms of pulmonary cement embolism can occur during procedure, but more commonly begin days to weeks, even months, after vertebroplsty. Most cases of pulmonary cement emboli with cardiovascular and pulmonary complications are treated nonoperatively with anticoagulation. Endovascular removal of large cement emboli from the pulmonary arteries is not without risk and sometimes requires open surgery for complete removal of cement pieces. Conclusion: Pulmonary cement embolism is a potentially serious complication of vertebroplasty. If a patient has chest pain or respiratory difficulty after the procedure, chest radiography and possibly advanced chest imaging studies should be performed immediately.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.164-167
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• 2011

Trauma is an important risk factor for a pulmonary thromboembolism, and anticoagulation is essential to prevent deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients with trauma. Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is excreted in the kidney; therefore, using LMWH in patients with renal insufficiency may increase the risk of bleeding complication. The following case describes a 55-year-old traffic accident victim who had massive bleeding and underwent a laparotomy for bleeding control. The patient had acute renal failure, and enoxaparin was administered for the prophylaxis of DVT. Although the patient suffered from serious complications such as pericardial hematoma, the patient recovered without sequellae and was discharged at day 84.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.129-132
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• 2004

Ethylene glycol poisoning can cause profound morbidity and is almost universally fatal if untreated. Central nervous system depression, pulmonary edema, and acute oligulic renal failure with crystalluria are among the most commonly encountered complication of ingestion. Ingestion of ethylene glycol may be an important contributor in patients with metabolic acidosis and subsequent renal failure. The diagnosis of ethylene glycol poisoning is based on nonspecific clinical symptoms and signs and indirect and direct laboratory measurement of ethylene glycol. As a result, diagnosis and treatment sometimes can be delayed. We describe 52-year-old man who visited to emergency department with mental change of unknown origin. The patient has high anion gap metabolic acidosis and renal failure due to ingestion of antifreeze that contained ethylene glycol. We used hemodialysis for elimination technique. The patient was discharged with minimal complication.