• 에너지공학
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.13-20
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• 2014

헬리컬 코일이 덕트 내부에 있을 때, 기울기에 따른 자연대류 열전달을 실험적으로 측정하였다. 고부력 조건을 구현하기 위하여 유사성에 기초하여 열전달 실험을 대신하여 물질전달 실험을 수행하였다. RaD 수 $4.55{\times}10^6$에서, 턴(Turn) 수를 1~10, P/D를 1.3~5, 헬리컬 코일의 기울기를 $0^{\circ}{\sim}90^{\circ}$까지 변화시켰다. 헬리컬 코일의 턴 수가 1일 때, 측정된 $Nu_D$ 수는 McAdams의 수평관 자연대류 열전달 상관식과 거의 일치하였다. 기울어진 덕트 내 헬리컬 코일의 자연대류 열전달은 피치, 턴 수, 덕트 높이에 따라 복합적으로 변화하였고 이는 속도 효과, 굴뚝 효과, 예열 효과로 분석되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 Compact heat exchanger에서의 자연대류 열전달에 대한 현상학적 분석에 기여한다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.7-20
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• 2002

This study deals with the distribution and morphological study of the neurons with the neuropeptide Y (NPY) in developing chick brain. The developing brains of Korean native chicks at embryonic days 8 (E8), E10, E12, E14, E16, E18, and E20 were used. The chicks were perfused with 4% paraformaldehyde through the left ventricle and aorta. The brains were removed and transferred into 30% sucrose, and then cut in a cryostat into $60{\mu}m$ in thickness. The sections were immunostained with free-floating and avidin-biotin complex (ABC) methods. The numerous neurons with NPY were first observed in nucleus rotundus of diencephalon at E8. In particular, neurons in nucleus rotundus had the well-developed processes. At E12, the neurons with NPY were distributed widely in diencephalon; nucleus septalis lateralis, medialis, nucleus magnocelluaris preopticus dorsalis, medialis, ventralis, nucleus preopticus medialis, nucleus dorsolateralis anterior thalami pars magnocellularis, and nucleus paraventricularis magnocellularis (paraventricular nucleus) except nucleus rotundus. From E12 to E20, positive neurons were oval-shaped, changed gradually into the spherical- and multipolar-shaped. The shapes of processes were also omnidirectional and the number of those were less than in telencephalon. As the chicks developed, the morphology of neurons with NPY showed the tendency to increase in their sizes and numbers.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.119-125
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• 2017

Objective: In vitro culture of preimplantation embryos is improved by grouping embryos together in a drop of media. Individually cultured embryos are deprived of paracrine factors; with this in mind, we investigated whether the addition of a single embryo-secreted factor, interleukin-6 (IL-6), could improve the development of individually cultured embryos. Methods: Mouse embryos were cultured individually in $2{\mu}L$ of G1/G2 media in 5% oxygen and supplemented with a range of doses of recombinant mouse or human IL-6. Results: Mouse IL-6 increased hatching at doses of 0.01 and 10 ng/mL compared to the control (93% and 93% vs. 78%, p< 0.05) and increased the total number of cells at a dose of 0.1 ng/mL compared to the control ($101.95{\pm}3.36$ vs. $91.31{\pm}3.33$, p< 0.05). In contrast, the highest dose of 100 ng/mL reduced the total number of cells ($79.86{\pm}3.29$, p< 0.05). Supplementation with human IL-6 had a different effect, with no change in hatching or total cell numbers, but an increase in the percentage of inner cell mass per embryo at doses of 0.1, 1, and 100 ng/mL compared to the control ($22.9%{\pm}1.1%$, $23.3%{\pm}1.1%$, and $23.1%{\pm}1.1%$ vs. $19.5%{\pm}1.0%$, p< 0.05). Conclusion: These data show that IL-6 improved mouse embryo development when cultured individually in complex media; however, an excess of IL-6 may be detrimental. Additionally, these data indicate that there is some cross-species benefit of human IL-6 for mouse embryos, but possibly through a different mechanism than for mouse IL-6.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.81-89
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• 2020

우리가 SNS상에서 흔하게 접하는 온라인 리뷰에는, 소비자들의 선호도에 영향을 미치는 다양한 평가정보가 복합적으로 포함되어 있지만 이를 매우 간단한 형태의 수치(또는 평점)로 제공하는 것이 일반적이다. 이러한 리뷰에서, 소비자가 원하는 구체적인 정보를 얻고, 이를 구매를 위한 판단에 활용하기란 쉽지 않다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 한국어로 작성된 음식점 리뷰를 대상으로, 감성분석을 수행하여 평가항목별로 세분화된 평점을 제공 가능한 예측 방법론을 제안한다. 이를 위해, 음식점의 주요 평가항목으로 '음식', '가격', '서비스', '분위기'를 선정하고, 평가항목별 맞춤형 감성사전을 새롭게 구축한다. 또한 평가항목별 리뷰 문장을 분류하고 감성분석을 통해 세분화된 평점을 예측하여 소비자가 의사결정에 활용 가능한 추가적인 정보를 제공한다. 마지막으로, MAE와 RMSE를 평가지표로 사용하여 기존의 연구보다 제안기법의 평점 예측 정확도가 향상되었음을 보이며, 제안 방법론의 활용 사례도 제시한다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권10호
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• pp.3344-3351
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• 2021

The Rare Isotope Science Project was launched in 2011 in Korea toward constructing the Rare isotope Accelerator complex for ON line experiments (RAON). RAON will house several experimental systems, including the Muon Spin Rotation/Relaxation/Resonance (μSR) facility in High Energy Experimental Building B. This facility will use 600-MeV protons with a maximum current of 660 pμA and beam power of 400 kW. The key μSR features will facilitate projects related to condensed-matter and nuclear physics. Typical experiments require a few million surface muons fully spin-polarized opposite to their momentum for application to small samples. Here, we describe the design of a muon transport beam line for delivering the requisite muon numbers and the electromagnetic-component specifications in the μSR facility. We determine the beam-line configuration via beam-optics calculations and the transmission efficiency via single-particle tracking simulations. The electromagnet properties, including fringe field effects, are applied for each component in the calculations. The designed surface-muon beamline is 17.3 m long, consisting of 2 solenoids, 2 dipoles affording 70° deflection, 9 quadrupoles, and a Wien filter to eliminate contaminant positrons. The average incident-muon flux and spin rotation angle are estimated as 5.2 × 10⁶ μ⁺/s and 45°, respectively.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.163-168
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• 2019

In order to enhance the 8 principle pattern diagnosis rate comparing with diagnostic method by self-report questionnaire on cold/heat pattern in the clinical practice, a new diagnostic method using form-color-pulse-symptom (FCPS) system is proposed. FCPS system is composed of outputs of cold/heat pattern through the calculation process of contribution degree to the cold, heat pattern and qi, blood, yin, yang deficiency patterns, based on analysis of 16 mechanisms of disease calculated by diagnostic system of oriental medicine (DSOM) first. And second component is an output of differentiated 8 principle patterns in detail through binding and calculating process with digital informations of pulse, color, form, constitution obtained by computerized measurement system. Putting together above two processes consecutively, cold-heat complex or true/false cold/heat patterns and personalized characters of cold/heat patterns of each patient can be subdivided through a computation method of determining each pattern. In conclusion, 8 principle pattern identification can be performed more accurately using FCPS system than existent self report questionnaire method. These hypothetic proposal is needed to be proven by clinical trial for the future and then the accurate numbers used in each calculational function should be revised properly.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.85-97
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was performed to analyze the levels of blood pressure and to identify good or poor blood pressure control (BPC) groups among hypertension patients. The study was based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VI and VII) conducted from 2013 to 2016. Methods: The sociodemographic and clinical data of 4,151 Korean hypertension patients aged 20-79 years and who were taking antihypertensive medications was extracted from the KNHANES VI and VII database. Descriptive statistics for complex samples and a decision-tree analysis were performed using the SPSS WIN 24.0 program. Results: The mean age was $62.46{\pm}0.21years$. The mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) was $128.07{\pm}0.28mmHg$, and the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was $76.99{\pm}0.21mmHg$. 71.9% of participants showed normal blood pressure (SBP < 140mmHg and DBP < 90mmHg). From the decisiontrees analysis, the characteristics of participants related to good BPC group were presented with 9 different pathways same as those from the poor BPC group. Good or poor BPC groups were classified according to the patients' characteristics such as age, living status, occupation, education, hypertension diagnosis period, numbers of comorbidity, perceived health status, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, alcohol drinking per month, and depressive mood. Total cholesterol level (< 201mg/dL or ${\geq}201mg/dL$ cutoff point) was the most significant predictor of the participants' BPC group. Conclusion: This decision-tree model with the 18 different pathways can form a basis for the screening of hypertension patients with good or poor BPC in either clinical or community settings.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권11호
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• pp.1757-1765
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• 2021

Objective: The swine leukocyte antigen (SLA) gene group, which is closely linked and highly polymorphic, has important biomedical significance in the protection and utilization of germplasm resources. However, genetic polymorphism analyses of SLA microsatellite markers in Chinese miniature pigs are limited. Methods: Eighteen pairs of microsatellite primers were used to amplify the SLA regions of seven miniature pig breeds and three wild boar breeds (n = 346) from different regions of China. The indexes of genetic polymorphism, including expected heterozygosity (He), polymorphic information content (PIC), and haplotype, were analyzed. The genetic differentiation coefficient (Fst) and neighbor-joining methods were used for cluster analysis of the breeds. Results: In miniature pigs, the SLA I region had the highest numbers of polymorphisms, followed by the SLA II and SLA III regions; the region near the centromere had the lowest number of polymorphisms. Among the seven miniature pig breeds, Diannan small-ear pigs had the highest genetic diversity (PIC value = 0.6396), whereas the genetic diversity of the Hebao pig was the lowest (PIC value = 0.4330). The Fst values in the Mingguang small-ear, Diannan small-ear, and Yunnan wild boars were less than 0.05. According to phylogenetic cluster analysis, the South-China-type miniature pigs clustered into one group, among which Mingguang small-ear pigs clustered with Diannan small-ear pigs. Haplotype analysis revealed that the SLA I, II, and III regions could be constructed into 13, 7, and 11 common haplotypes, respectively. Conclusion: This study validates the high genetic diversity of the Chinese miniature pig. Mingguang small-ear pigs have close kinship with Diannan small-ear pigs, implying that they may have similar genetic backgrounds and originate from the same population. This study also provides a foundation for genetic breeding, genetic resource protection, and classification of Chinese miniature pigs.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제9권10호
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• pp.133-143
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 조기영어학습 경험의 유형에 따른 실행기능의 차이를 분석하는 것이다. 연구대상은 어학원에서 몰입식 영어교육 경험을 가진 23명의 유아, 어린이집에서 방과후 영어학습 경험을 가진 52명의 유아, 총 75명을 대상으로 삼았다. 연구도구는 주의통제의 경우 스트룹 과제, 인지적 융통성의 경우 카드분류과제와 숫자 따라 외우기 소검사, 정보처리의 경우 도안 유창성, 목표설정의 경우 미로 소검사를 사용하여 측정하였다. 자료분석은 전체지능지수를 공변인으로 한 공분산분석을 적용하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 주의통제와 인지적 융통성은 조기영어학습의 유형에 따라 유의한 차이를 보였다. 둘째, 정보처리와 목표설정은 조기영어학습의 유형에 따라 어떠한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 본 연구는 전일제 조기영어학습의 경험이 주의통제와 인지적 융통성에는 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 반면, 정보처리와 목표설정에는 어떠한 영향도 미치지 않음을 시사한다.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.77-84
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• 2011

문자와 숫자의 조합으로 이루어진 패스워드는 외우기 쉽고 사용하기 쉽지만 낮은 복잡도를 가지고 있다. 그렇기 때문에 안전하지 않은 환경에서 키보드와 같은 입력 장치를 통하여 패스워드를 그대로 입력하는 행위는 훔쳐보기와 같은 공격으로 쉽게 노출될 수 있다. 이러한 문제를 극복하고자 사용자 비밀의 형태를 다른 것으로 바꾸거나 복잡한 입력과정을 통하여 인증을 수행하는 방법들이 제안되고 있으나, 보안성과 사용자 편의성에 있어서 적합한 타협점을 찾지 못하고 있다. S3PAS는 사용자의 편의성을 만족시키면서 훔쳐보기로부터 사용자의 패스워드를 보호할 수 있는 보안성도 갖추었다고 알려진 인증기법이다. 그러나 공격자가 인증 세션을 여러 번 바라본 이후에 얻어낸 정보를 이용하여 인증을 시도하는 교차 공격에 대해서는 고려하지 않았다. 이 논문에서는 S3PAS에 대하여, 인증세션이 여러 번 공격자에게 노출되었을 때 발생할 수 있는 보안문제에 대해서 살펴보고, 사용자 실험과 모의실험을 통하여 이를 확인한다. 또한, 이러한 문제를 극복하기 위한 대안에 대하여 고찰한다.