• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.17-17
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• 2009

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have attracted much attention as promising materials for transparent conducting films (TCFs), thanks to their superior electrical conductivity, high mechanical strength, and complete flexibility. The CNT-based TCFs can be used in a variety of application fields as flexible, transparent electrodes, including touch panel screens, flexible electronics, transparent heaters, etc. First of all, this study investigated the effect of a variety of surfactants on the dispersion of SWCNTs in an aqueous solution. Following the optimization of the dispersion by surfactants, flexible TCFs were fabricated by spraying the CNT suspension onto poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) substrates. The sheet resistances of the TCFs having different surfactants were investigated with treatment in nitric acid ($HNO_3$) whose concentration and period of treatment time were varied. It seems that the $HNO_3$ removes the surfactants from and is simultaneously doped into the SWCNT network, reducing the contact resistance between CNTs. TCFs were characterized by UV-VIS spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and four-point probe.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.79-84
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• 2004

During the screening of antiviral substances having inhibitory effects on tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) infection to tobacco plants, we found a bacterial isolate KTGBP10, which was identified as a Stenotrophomonas sp., strongly inhibited the infection of TMV. When the culture filtrate from KTGBP10 was applied on the upper surface of leaves of Xanthi-nc tobacco plants at the same time or 24 hours before TMV inoculation, almost complete inhibition of TMV infection was achieved. And $40\%$ inhibition was shown with application of the culture filtrate to the under surface of leaves. In field trials, transmission of TMV from diseased seedlings to the healthy ones during transplanting work was reduced by $87.1\~92.6\%$ when the culture filtrate or cell suspension was sprayed onto the tobacco seedlings, cv. NC82, 24 hours before transplanting. No toxic effect was observed on the tobacco plants. When the broth filtrate of KTGBP10 was supplied by soaking through the cut-leaves before and/or after virus inoculation, the TMV infection was also inhibited by $50.4\~65.3\%$.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.254-254
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• 2009

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have attracted much attention as promising materials for transparent conducting films (TCFs), thanks to their superior electrical conductivity, high mechanical strength, and complete flexibility. The CNT-based TCFs can be used in a variety of application fields as flexible, transparent electrodes, including touch panel screens, flexible electronics, transparent heaters, etc. First of all, this study investigated the effect of a variety of surfactants on the dispersion of SWCNTs in an aqueous solution. Following the optimization of the dispersion by surfactants, flexible TCFs were fabricated by spraying the CNT suspension onto poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) substrates. The sheet resistances of the TCFs having different surfactants were investigated with treatment in nitric acid ($HNO_3$) whose concentration and period of treatment time were varied. It seems that the $HNO_3$ removes the surfactants from and is simultaneously doped into the SWCNT network, reducing the contact resistance between CNTs. TCFs were characterized by UV-VIS spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and four-point probe.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.1451-1456
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• 2013

This paper presents the improved zero power levitation control algorithm for a quadruple hybrid EMS (Electromagnetic Suspension) system. Quadruple hybrid EMS system is a united form of four hybrid EMS systems one on each corner coupled with a metal plate. Technical issue in controlling a quadruple hybrid EMS system is the permanent magnet's equilibrium point deviation caused by design tolerance which eventually leads to a limited zero power levitation control that only satisfies the zero power levitation in one or two hybrid EMS system among the four hybrid EMS system. In order to satisfy a complete zero power levitation control of the quadruple hybrid EMS system, the proposed method presented in this paper adds a compensating algorithm which adjusts the gap reference of each individual axe. Later, this paper proves the stability and effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm via experiment and disturbance test.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.369-373
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• 2003

This study was performed to test whether endomorphin-1 has analgesic effect, when locally administrated into inflamed peripheral tissue. Carrageenan suspension (0.5%) was injected intraplantarly into the right paw of Sprague-Dawley male rats, and the rats were subjected to a series of mechanical stimuli with von Frei filaments before and after the injection. Carrageenan-injected rats showed typical inflammatory hyperalgesic signs and decrease of withdrawal threshold, peaked at 3 to 6 hours after the injection and lasted more than 3 days. Endomorphin-1 was intraplantarly injected with carrageenan, simultaneously or 3∼4 hours after carrageenan. Simultaneous injection of endomorphin-1 with carrageenan significantly reduced hyperalgesia and thd analgesic effect was prolonged up to 8 hours. The delivery of endomorphin-1 ($50{\mu}g$) into the inflamed area after 3 to 4 hours of carrageenan injection significantly increased the threshold of hyperalgesic mechanical withdrawal response, but only partially. Intrathecal treatment of endomorphin-1 completely reversed carrageenan-induced hyperalgesia. This report is the first to show that peripherally delivered endomorphin-1 relieved inflammatory hyperalgesia. But a control through peripheral ${\mu}-opioid$ receptors appears to be not sufficient for complete pain treatment.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.85-87
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• 2005

The pyriform sinus fistula can cause a recurrent abscess in the neck and the current treatment of choice involves complete excision of the sinus tract. But, because of excisional difficult, chemical cautery has been intermittently used as a successful substitute. Recently we experienced a case of pyriform sinus fistula of 9 year-old female who was successfully treated with chemocauterization with trichloroacetic acid(TCA) and ligation of the internal opening of the fistula tract on suspension laryngoscopy. So we report this rate case with review of literatures.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.90-95
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• 2014

This study was conducted to evaluate the resistance of 212 accessions of lettuce germplasm to gray mold disease caused by Botrytis cinerea. The lettuce germplasm were composed of five species: Lactuca sativa (193 accessions), L. sativa var. longifolia (2 accessions), L. sativa var. crispa (2 accessions), L. saligna (2 accessions), and L. serriola (1 accession); majority of these originated from Korea, Netherlands, USA, Russia, and Bulgaria. After 35 days of spray inoculation with conidial suspension ($3{\times}10^7$ conidia/ml) of B. cinerea on the surface of lettuce leaves, tested lettuce germplasm showed severe symptoms of gray mold disease. There were 208 susceptible accessions to B. cinerea counted with 100% of disease incidence and four resistant accessions, IT908801, K000598, K000599, and K021055. Two moderately resistant accessions of L. sativa, K021055 and IT908801, showed 20% of disease incidence of gray mold disease at 45 days after inoculation; and two accessions of L. saligna, K000598 and K000599, which are wild relatives of lettuce germplasm with loose-leaf type, showed complete resistance to B. cinerea. These four accessions are candidates for breeding lettuce cultivars resistant to gray mold disease.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.157-161
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• 2016

Gamma irradiation was evaluated for its in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against a postharvest bacterial pathogen, Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora (Ecc). Gamma irradiation in a bacteria cell suspension resulted in a dramatic reduction of the viable counts as well as an increase in the amounts of DNA and protein released from the cells. Gamma irradiation showed complete inactivation of Ecc, especially at a dose of 0.6 kGy. In addition, scanning electron microscopy of irradiated cells revealed severe damage on the surface of most bacterial cells. Along with the morphological changes of cells by gamma irradiation, it also affected the membrane integrity in a dose-dependent manner. The mechanisms by which the gamma irradiation decreased the bacterial soft rot can be directly associated with the disruption of the cell membrane of the bacterial pathogen, along with DNA fragmentation, results in dose-dependent cell inactivation. These findings suggest that gamma irradiation has potential as an antibacterial approach to reduce the severity of the soft rot of paprika.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.97-100
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• 2015

Benign vocal fold lesions, such as vocal nodules, polyps and Reinke's edema, usually result from chronic voice overuse. Conservative management such as voice therapy and pharmacotherapy are used as the primary treatment techniques. The main purpose of voice therapy is to identify and reduce voice misuse to achieve the optimal voice. But complete resolution may not be possible in all patients after voice therapy. Furthermore, some patients with voice-related occupations, voice rest and voice therapy are sometimes difficult, which makes it hard to carry out the treatment. When conservative therapy is ineffective, laryngeal microsurgery can be performed under general anesthesia. However, potential complications following laryngeal suspension and violation of the layered structure of the vocal fold during surgery should be considered before surgery. In recent decades, emerging literatures have demonstrated the potential usefulness of vocal fold steroid injection as an alternative treatment option for benign vocal fold lesions. The most advantageous feature of vocal fold steroid injection is the maintenance of regional anti-inflammatory effects while preventing the potential systemic adverse effects of the steroid. Many non-surgical treatment methods can be conducted using different approaches in the office setting. It can be applied as an alternative treatment modality for the management of various benign vocal fold lesions.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.310-316
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• 2009

In this study, the influence of pressure assisted mild thermal inactivation (PAMTI) on E. coli ATCC 10536 was examined at 200 MPa and temperature range of $20-50^{\circ}C$. Inactivation rate significantly increased (p<0.05) as temperature and time increased at 200 MPa. The maximum inactivation (7.91 log reduction) was obtained at $50^{\circ}C$ for 30 min under 200 MPa, which meant the complete inactivation of E. coli ATCC 10536. Inactivation kinetics were evaluated with the first order inactivation rate (k), activation energy ($E_a$), thermal death time (TDT), and z value. Kinetic parameters were significantly (p<0.05) influenced by variation temperature of PAMTI. In this study, the synergistic effect of pressure and temperature were found in the inactivation of E. coli ATCC 10536 through PAMTI.