• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.36 no.6
• /
• pp.314-318
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study was to compare the results of complete blood cell count (CBC) of blood samples collected from the jugular vein, cephalic vein and lateral saphenous vein and to find out if there were clinically significant differences. Total of 40 dogs were tested. CBC tests were conducted with blood samples obtained from the jugular vein, cephalic vein and lateral saphenous vein and manual differential count was performed to accurately distinguish the white blood cell (WBC) types. The results were analyzed using Repeated Measures ANOVA and posthoc test was conducted using the least significant difference method. As a result, there was a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) in the total WBC and monocyte count. The post-hoc test of total WBC counts revealed a significant difference between the jugular vein and cephalic vein, and the jugular vein and lateral saphenous vein. For monocyte counts, a significant difference was observed between the jugular vein and lateral saphenous vein.

• Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology
• /
• v.37 no.2
• /
• pp.149-154
• /
• 2022

Busulfan is the most commonly used drug for preconditioning during the transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells and male germ cells. Here, we describe side effects of high doses of busulfan in male mongrel dogs. Busulfan was intravenously administered to three groups of dogs at doses of 10, 15, and 17.5 mg/kg body weight. The total white blood cell, neutrophil, eosinophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, and platelet counts steadily reduced in a dose-dependent manner following busulfan treatment. The white blood cell, neutrophil, and monocyte counts recovered after 6 weeks of busulfan treatment, however, the eosinophil, lymphocyte, and platelet counts remained unaltered. Additionally, there was one fatality in the each of the groups that were administered 15 and 17.5 mg/kg busulfan. The gross lesions included severe hemorrhage in the stomach, intestinal tracts, mesentery and urinary bladder. Microscopic investigation revealed severe pulmonary edema and hemorrhage in the lungs, and severe multifocal to coalescing transmural hemorrhage in the intestines and urinary bladder. These results indicated that treatment with busulfan at doses higher than 15 mg/kg initiates severe bleeding in the internal organs and can have fatal results.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.25 no.5
• /
• pp.429-433
• /
• 2008

An 8-year-old, female Pointer dog was presented with weight loss, hematochezia, and dyschezia. For the diagnosis, physical examination, complete blood counts, serum chemistry, radiography, ultrasonography, computed tomography, colonoscopy, cytology and histopathological examination were performed. The complete blood counts and serum biochemistry results were within the reference range. Ultrasonographic findings were presented with the thickened wall of the colon and rectum. Colonoscopy revealed irregular and ulcerated mucosal surface, mass and luminal narrowing of colorectal lesions. There were thickened wall and contrast enhancement of the lesion in colorectal region on the computed tomography. The cytologic examination suggested the adenocarcinoma. Postmortem histopathologic examination revealed adenocarcinoma. Based on these findings, the dog was diagnosed with annular colorectal adenocarcinoma.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.49 no.1
• /
• pp.79-83
• /
• 2009

A 6-year-old, spayed female Miniature Pinscher dog with chronic vomiting lasted for 7 weeks was referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Chungnam National University. Physical examination, complete blood counts, serum chemistry, gastroscopy, upper gastrointestinal series, endoscopic biopsy and histopathological examination were performed for the diagnosis. The complete blood counts and serum biochemistry revealed no remarkable effect to the patient's general condition. Gastroscopy revealed erosion, erythema in mucosal surface of gastric lesions and endoscopic biopsy performed. No significant findings in upper gastrointestinal series were observed, and histopathologic examination revealed infiltration of lymphocyte in the gastric mucosa. Based on these findings, the dog was diagnosed with lymphocytic gastritis. The dog were treated by metronidazole and ranitidine with hypoallergenic diet, and then the patient showed no vomiting or other complications.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.137-147
• /
• 2008

Investigations for hematologic and biochemical values and the differential count of WBC for Korean indigenous cattle (KIC)is rarely performed. Therefore, when the index of complete blood counts (CBC) and biochemical analysis of KIC was requested, it had many difficulties to make the results for blood condition since the standard hematologic and biochemical values of KIC are lacking. In the present study, we have investigated the hematologic and biochemical values and the differential count of WBC for blood of total 252 KIC and 17 striped cattle (SC) as a control. As a result, the mean values of RBC and platelet of KIC were significantly decreased by age (P<0.05). The mean values of RBC, HCT, MCV and MCHC between KIC and SC of the same age (2 - 3 years) showed the statistical significance (P<0.05). Also, in the WBC of KIC, the mean values were decreased according to the age from $12.8{\times}10^3/{\mu}l$ under 1 year to $8.5{\times}10^3/{\mu}l$ over 5 years. In the differential count of WBC of KIC, it showed generally the rates of 45% lymphocyte and 35% segmented neutrophil. In the biochemical analysis, the mean values of BUN and globulin were significantly increased according to the age (P<0.05). Additionally, in comparative analysis between pregnant and non-pregnant group of KIC, the mean values of Hg and HCT in pregnant group were significantly decreased (P<0.05). In conclusion, data obtained from this study may be valuable as a standard for interpretation of the results in hematologic and biochemical analysis of KIC.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.7-12
• /
• 2003

This study examined the effect of pine needle distillate (Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc) on the immune system and hematological parameters. C57BL/6 male mice weighing 20 ~21 g were divided into 3 groups and intraperitonially injected with either 200 $\mu$L of saline (control), 50% diluted (P50) or 100% pine needle distillate (P100) once a day for 24 days. At the end of the experiment, the mice were anesthetized by ether and peripheral blood was collected from the femoral artery and the spleen was excised. Spleen weight decreased significantly (p<0.001) in the pine needle groups compared to the control group. The blood was used for a complete blood count and flow cytometrical analysis after immunofluorescence staining. The pine needle distillate dose-dependently decreased the CD4$^{＋}$/CD8 sup ＋/ ratio (p <0.05), and showed a tendency to increase the mean FSC (forward scatter) values of the CD8$^{＋}$T cells, while decrease the values of the CD4$^{＋}$T cells. There were no significant differences in WBC, RBC and platelet counts among the three groups, but hemoglobin and hemoglobin-related parameters and platelet volume increased and red blood cell volumes decreased with the administration of the pine needle distillate. These results suggest that the pine needle distillate may have immunosuppressive effects.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
• /
• v.42 no.4
• /
• pp.265-274
• /
• 2019

Delayed arrival of blood samples from the field and a large number of samples delivered often causes delay in sample analysis leading to inaccurate measurements. Therefore, this study aimed to assess whether prolonged storage in refrigerator could influence the stability of cattle blood samples and to establish an optimal time limit for complete blood count (CBC) parameters and blood gas and electrolyte (BGE) parameters analyses. Samples collected from healthy cows were tested immediately for CBC and BGE using automated hematology, blood gas and electrolyte analyzers. Samples were kept in refrigerator at 4℃ and analyzed after 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 120 h, and 192 h of storage. Mean differences between observations were assessed at 5% significance level using ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test. Total CBC parameters and the platelet profile remained stable for 192 h, except for MCHC. Among leukocyte-related counts, NEU and EOS remained stable for 192 hours. WBC and LYM, and MONO values produced inconsistent measurements which recovered its initial measurement after 12 h and 24 h of storage, respectively, then remained stable until 120 h. Among the blood gas indices, PCO₂, PO₂, tCO₂, and BE showed declining and significant changes over time, but pH, tHb, and SO₂ remained stable for 192 h. Electrolyte status in the blood showed that ions are unstable and tend to change in as early as 6 h of storage. This study established that cattle blood specimens for CBC analysis can be stored for 120 h at 4℃, but specimens for BGE analyses must be tested within 6 to 24 h.

• Annals of Laboratory Medicine
• /
• v.38 no.6
• /
• pp.503-511
• /
• 2018

Background: Sampling a healthy reference population to generate reference intervals (RIs) for complete blood count (CBC) parameters is not common for pediatric and geriatric ages. We established age- and sex-specific RIs for CBC parameters across pediatric, adult, and geriatric ages using secondary data, evaluating patterns of changes in CBC parameters. Methods: The reference population comprised 804,623 health examinees (66,611 aged 3-17 years; 564,280 aged 18-59 years; 173,732 aged 60-99 years), and, we excluded 22,766 examinees after outlier testing. The CBC parameters (red blood cell [RBC], white blood cell [WBC], and platelet parameters) from 781,857 examinees were studied. We determined statistically significant partitions of age and sex, and calculated RIs according to the CLSI C28-A3 guidelines. Results: RBC parameters increased with age until adulthood and decreased with age in males, but increased before puberty and then decreased with age in females. WBC and platelet counts were the highest in early childhood and decreased with age. Sex differences in each age group were noted: WBC count was higher in males than in females during adulthood, but platelet count was higher in females than in males from puberty onwards (P <0.001). Neutrophil count was the lowest in early childhood and increased with age. Lymphocyte count decreased with age after peaking in early childhood. Eosinophil count was the highest in childhood and higher in males than in females. Monocyte count was higher in males than in females (P <0.001). Conclusions: We provide comprehensive age- and sex-specific RIs for CBC parameters, which show dynamic changes with both age and sex.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.16 no.6
• /
• pp.2303-2306
• /
• 2015

Objective: Skin tumors are the most commonly seen cancer type worldwide. Regarding pathogenesis, it is thought that disruption of kinetics through T lymphocyte-mediated development of chronic inflammation may be involved. The present study was intended to identify role of inflammatory cells such as neutrophils, monocytes and lymphocytes in the determination of risk for skin cancer. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed charts of 569 cases diagnosed as having primary skin tumors. Data regarding age, gender and histopathological subtype were recorded. Blood parameters studied on the day before surgery including WBCs, neutrophils, and lymphocyte counts, neutrophil:lymphocyte and neutrophil:monocyte ratios were also recorded. Two-hundred and two healthy individuals presented for check-up in an outpatient clinic were selected as the control group. Parameters studied in cases with skin cancer were compared to those healthy individuals. Findings: Of the cases with skin cancer, 401 were basal cell carcinoma (BCC) while 144 were squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and 13 were malignant melanoma (MM). WBC, neutrophil and monocyte counts and the neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio were found to be lower in the patient group than in the healthy control group (p<0.001) while no significant difference was found in other parameters reviewed (p>0.05). No significant difference was found in WBC, neutrophil, neutrophil: monocyte ratio according to gender (p>0.05). Monocyte count was found to be $0.68{\pm}0.61$ in men and $0.55{\pm}0.25$ in women, indicating strong statistical significance (p<0.001). WBC, neutrophil and monocyte values were highest in control group while lowest in BCC. When BCC and SCC groups were compared to controls, significant differences found (p<0.001). There were no significant differences in lymphocyte counts among groups (p=0.976). Neutrophil:lymphocyte ratios were 3.24 in BCC, 3.59 in SCC, 3.44 in MM and 5.06 in control group (p<0.001). Conclusions: In our study, it was found that there were significant differences in complete blood count, neutrophil, monocyte and neutrophil:lymphocyte levels among groups. Neutrophil: lymphocyte ratio was found to be lowest in BCC among skin cancers.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.87-96
• /
• 2009

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate the effects of extruded Acanthopanax Folium extracts on Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) induced arthritis of rats. Methods： To induce arthritis in the ankle joint of rats, CFA was injected in the proximal part of the tail subcutaneously. After CFA injection, arthritic conditions were examined with macrography. The volume of paw edema and thickness of the ankle joints were checked regularly within 20 days. At 20 days, histopathological examination was performed on the ankle joint. Inflammation levels were determined by total WBC counts and differential WBC counts using a blood analyzer. Tumor necrosis factor-$\alpha$ and interleukin-1$\beta$ concentration in paw exudate were measured by ELISA method. Results： Several arthritic conditions induced by CFA were alleviated by Acanthopanax Folium treatment. Morphologically, reduction of arthritic conditions were observed and the volume of paw edema and thickness of the ankle joints were significantly decreased. Additionally, cytokines in paw exudate were diminished and histopathological improvement was observed. Conclusions： This study showed that the extruded Acanthopanax Folium extracts have the beneficial effects on the CFA induced arthritis of rats and might be used for chronic arthritis patients.