• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.53-67
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• 2004

This simulation study investigated the characteristics of normal gait, $30^{\circ}$ crouch gait, $30^{\circ}$ crouch/equinus gait, $45^{\circ}$ crouch gait, $45^{\circ}$ crouch/equinus gait. The knee flexion angles were restricted using a specially designed orthosis. This study was carried out in a motion analysis laboratory of the National Rehabilitation Center. Fifteen healthy male subjects were recruited for the study. The purposes of this study were (1) to compare spatiotemporal parameters, kinematics, and kinetic variables in the sagittal plane among the different gait, (2) to investigate the secondary compensatory strategy, and (3) to suggest biomechanical physical therapy treatment methods. The pattern and magnitude observed in each condition were similar to those of normal gait, except the peak knee extension moment of the unrestricted ankle motion-crouch gait. However, the speed of the $45^{\circ}$ crouch gait was half that of a normal gait. The ankle joint moment in the crouch/equinus gait showed the double-bump pattern commonly observed in children with spastic cerebral palsy, and there was no significant difference in gait speed as compared with normal gait. The peak ankle plantar-flexor moment and ankle power generated during the terminal stance in the crouch/equinus conditions were reduced as compared with normal and $45^{\circ}$ crouch gaits (p<.05). The crouch/equinus gait at the ankle joint was an effective compensatory mechanism. Since ankle plantarflexion contracture can be exacerbated secondary to the ankle compensatory strategy in the crouch/equinus gait, it is necessary to increase the range of ankle dorsiflexion and the strength of plantarflexion simultaneously to decrease the abnormal biomechanical advantages of the ankle joint.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.117-128
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• 2023

For Korea which has long been highly dependent on international trade for economic growth, the importance of the Brazilian market is likely to increase in the future considering its huge size of 216 million people. Therefore, it would be imperative to analyze and understand Brazilian consumer behavior correctly. This study examines differences in consumer behavior between Brazil and Korea in purchasing luxury goods. According to previous cultural studies, Brazilian consumers are expected to focus on the intrinsic value of products and show a strong compensatory consumption tendency, while Korean consumers focus on symbolic benefits and show a weak compensatory consumption tendency. After conducting and analyzing a survey of young people in their 20s in Korea and in Brazil, all of the hypotheses above were supported. The results suggests that when designing marketing communication strategy in Brazil, it will be more effective when communication is focused on the pleasure of purchasing luxury goods rather than social or symbolic benefits. This study is of greatest significance in that it is one of the few studies comparing the characteristics of Brazilian and Korean consumers.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.1823-1829
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• 2019

Background: Stroke patients have leg muscle weakness and impaired balance resulting in compensatory changes. To restore balance in these patients, functional training using postural strategy is needed. Objective: To examine the effects of ankle and hip strategy training on the center of pressure (COP) movement and limits of stability (LOS) in standing posture in stroke patients. Design: The study was an assessor-blinded and randomized-controlled clinical trial. Methods: Thirty patients were randomly assigned to an ankle strategy training group and a ankle/ hip strategy training group. Patients in the ankle strategy training group underwent ankle strategy exercise for 30 min, and those in the ankle/ hip strategy training group underwent 15 min of ankle strategy exercise and 15 min of hip strategy exercise. Both groups underwent training thrice a week for four weeks. Forward, backward, paretic side, and non-paretic side COP movements and LOS were measured using BioRescue. Results: After the intervention, except for the backward area in the ankle strategy training group, the COP movement area and the LOS were significantly improved in both the groups. In addition, these improvements were significantly higher in ankle/ hip strategy training group than that in the ankle strategy training group. Conclusions: Ankle strategy training in addition to hip strategy training improves COP movement (forward-backward, paretic side area, and non-paretic side area) and LOS in stroke patients.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.176-194
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• 2013

본 연구의 목적은 2009 개정 교육과정에 따른 중학교 1~3학년 기술 가정 교과서 '건설기술과 환경' 단원을 Reigeluth의 정교화이론에 근거하여 내용체계를 분석하여 단원의 내용체계와 개선해야 할 부분을 살펴보고, 차후 교과서 집필 시 필요한 기초자료를 제공하는데 있다. 이 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 각 교과서는 12종 모두 절차적 방법에 의한 정교화 과정을 제시하여 내용체계를 구성하였다. 둘째, '건설기술과 환경' 단원은 선수학습능력의 계열화 전략으로 '생각열기'를 많이 제시하였으며, 요약자의 사용전략으로 단원을 끝부분에 제시되는 '단원마무리'를 중점적으로 제시하였다. 또한 종합자의 사용전략으로는 용어의 차이는 있지만 대부분 그 단원을 배우고 난 후 학생들의 성취 정도를 나타내는 '학습목표'가 가장 많이 제시되었다. 인지전략의 활성자 전략으로는 모든 교과서에서 '그림', '표', '도식', '용어설명'이 사용되었으며, 특히 '그림'은 인지전략의 활성자 전략에서 다른 모든 요소에 비하여 압도적으로 많이 제시되었다. 마지막으로 학습자 통제 전략으로는 '보충학습'과 '심화학습'이 각각 4종과 5종에서 제시되었고, '더 나아가기', '더 알고가기', '생각넓히기', '하나 더 알기' 등 다양한 용어로 활용되었다. 셋째, 정교화 이론의 7가지 교수전략 중 비유의 활용 전략은 교과서의 단원별 구성 항목에서는 거의 이용되지 않았다. 이는 Reigeluth가 7가지의 전략 중에 비유를 강조한 점과는 대조적인 것을 알 수 있다.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.46-52
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• 2024

Background: This study aims to investigate compensatory strategy in a dog with glenoid dysplasia using kinetic gait analysis before and after reconstruction of medial patellar luxation. Design: Case report Method: On the platform, gait analysis was evaluated for a dog with congenital luxation and bilateral medial patellar luxation (MPL). A dog was evaluated for maximal vertical force (MVF), body load distribution (BLD), and symmetry index (SI), including the left forelimb with congenital luxation before MPL surgery, 15 days of surgery, and 40 days of surgery. Result:: In the comparison between the preoperative and the 15 days of surgery, the MVF of the bilateral forelimbs, especially in the non-affected forelimbs, increased, and the SI also increased. For BLD, the maximum load distribution increased, but the total load distribution decreased. In the comparison of 15 days and 40 days of surgery, MVF and BLD increased, and SI decreased on 40days of surgery. Conclusions: In a dog, the shift in weight load to the non-affected side occurs all the limbs, affecting the peak vertical force, weight load distribution, and symmetry index.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제64권2호
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• pp.133-158
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• 2012

현대사회에서 비영리 부문의 성장과 정부의 재정 지원 감소는 시민의 기부와 자원봉사의 필요성을 더욱 증가시키고 있다. 이에 따라 비영리 조직의 운영 활성화를 위해서는 개인의 기부 및 봉사활동에 영향을 미치는 다양한 요인들을 구체적으로 파악하여, 효율적으로 보다 많은 시민의 참여를 이끌어 낼 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 기부와 자원봉사에 영향을 미치는 요인은 무엇이며, 기부와 자원봉사가 중복적 보완관계인지, 보충적 대체관계인지를 파악하기 위해 기부 및 자원봉사 참여유형을 둘 다 참여하지 않는 집단, 둘 다 참여하는 집단, 기부만 참여하는 집단, 자원봉사만 참여하는 집단의 4집단으로 구분하여 각각에 영향을 미치는 요인을 다항로지스틱 회귀분석을 사용하여 확인하였다. 연구결과, 기부에 참여하는 요인과 봉사에 참여하는 요인 간에 종교나 여가생활만족도와 같은 공통요인이 있었지만, 차별적 요인도 존재하였다. 특히, 가구소득, 교육수준, 취업상태, 성별, 사회적 친분만족도가 기부와 자원봉사에 미치는 영향에서 차이가 있는 것으로 나타남에 따라 우리나라에서 기부와 봉사 간에는 상충 관계가 있다는 보충적 대체관점을 지지하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과를 토대로 본 연구는 비영리 조직에서 기부와 자원봉사 참여를 발굴하고 활성화하기 위해 서로 다른 차별적인 전략이 필요하다는 점을 제안하였다.

• 한국노년학
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.925-940
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• 2008

현대 사회에서 노인 인구의 비율이 꾸준하게 증가하면서, 정상적 및 병리적 노화와 관련된 기억 결함을 다루는 인지적 재활 전략의 영향력도 차차 커지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 현재 이루어지고 있는 노인을 위한 기억 재활 기법을 개관하였다. 먼저, 기억의 노화를 이해하기 위한 이해의 틀로서 인간의 기억 체계를 고찰하였고, 정상적 노화와 알츠하이머병과 같은 병리적 노화에 따른 기억 수행에 관하여 이루어진 연구결과들을 개관한 다음, 그 효과가 입증된 기억 재활 기법들을 소개하였다. 현재까지의 기억 재활 기법들은 아직 남아있는 외현 기억 촉진, 상대적으로 손상되지 않은 암묵 기억 이용, 외부 기억보조 도구 사용에 초점을 맞춘 것이었으나, 새로운 접근으로 뇌 가소성에 기반을 둔 기억 훈련 방법의 가능성을 제안하였다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.175-179
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• 2023

This study was conducted to find out the compensation strategy through kinetic gait analysis by comparing dog with congenital luxation of the shoulder joint and normal dog. Ground reaction forces were recorded for all limbs while normal poodle dog and poodle dog with shoulder joint luxation was allowed to walk on an instrumented platform. The dogs were evaluated for maximal vertical force (MVF), body load distribution (BLD), and symmetry index (SI). The MVF was increased in the contralateral forelimb of luxated shoulder joint. The SI was also increased in a dog with dislocated shoulder joints in the forelimbs. For BLD, the maximum load distribution increased centrally, but the total load distribution decreased in the ipsilateral forelimb paw. In contrast, total load distribution was increased in the contralateral forelimb paw. During forelimb lameness, changes in weight-bearing load showed compensatory load redistribution. These biomechanical changes may lead to changes in the musculoskeletal system in a dog with luxated shoulder.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.537-548
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• 2009

Consumers' price related response in the clothing purchase decision-making process includes their expectation of price, price perception, attitude toward price and consequent behaviors. The purposes of this research are to systematically organize consumers' price related responses in the clothing purchase decision-making process, and to explain the effect of price on their purchasing. The qualitative research including shopping observation and in-depth interview was conducted. The result identified stages that showed different price related responses in clothing purchase decision-making process, and clarified each stage's characteristics. In the internal search stage, consumers recalled price information from memory and had a specific expectation about the price. This set a direction for the external search. In the external search stage, consumers selected brands or stores by a non-compensatory evaluating with an expectation of the price, and narrowed these down to several determinant alternatives by actively evaluating the products. In case a sufficient amount of price information was not recalled, the consumer established reference price through the external search. Finally, in the purchasing stage, consumers evaluated the determinant alternatives based on their compensatory evaluation. When perception of price was negative, consumers evaluate price combined with the higher criteria of clothing benefits, such as symbolic value and usability. The research is expected to contribute to predicting consumers' responses to price, and to establishing an effective pricing strategy.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.165-170
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• 2022

Background: The serratus anterior (SA) muscle prevents scapular winging (SW) by stabilizing the medial border of the scapula during arm movement. The upper trapezius (UT) and lower trapezius (LT) muscles may compensate for the weak SA muscle in individuals with SW during shoulder flexion. However, there is no study to examine whether compensation by UT and LT occurs in individuals with SW. Objects: This study compared the muscle activities of UT, LT, and SA as well as the SA/UT activity ratio between individuals with and without SW during shoulder flexion with load. Methods: This study recruited 27 participants with SW (n = 14) and without SW (n = 13). Electromyography data of the SA, UT, and LT muscles and SA/UT activity ratio were recorded and analyzed during shoulder flexion with 25% load of the maximal shoulder flexion force. Independent t-test was used to compare the UT, LT, and SA muscle activities and SA/UT ratio between the groups with and without SW; statistical significance was set at α of 0.05. Results: SA activity was significantly lesser in the group with SW than in the group without SW. However, there were no significant differences in the UT and LT activities and SA/UT activity ratio between the two groups. Conclusion: The SA activity was lesser in the group with SW than in the group without SW with 25% load of the maximal shoulder flexion force, but there was no compensatory muscle activity of the UT and LT observed. Therefore, further studies are warranted to clarify the compensatory strategy of scapular stabilization in individuals with SW during shoulder flexion under other heavy load conditions.