• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.19-30
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to compare the characteristics of floor plan of $85m^2$-sized housing units with 2-bay and 3-bay and the residents' satisfaction with them. The subjects for analyzing floor plan were six floor plans of $85m^2$-sized housing units with 2-bay and nine floor plans of housing units with 3-bay in the new town, Hwamyeong-dong, in Busan. The floor plans were analyzed based on seven characteristics of floor plans such as the composition type of entrance core hall, the entrance arrangement, width and depth of the housing unit, size of each room, LDK arrangement, arrangement of family bathroom and private bathroom for husband and wife, and balcony arrangement. The subjects for grasping satisfaction with each housing unit were 400 residents of $85m^2$-sized housing units. A half of them lived in housing units with 2-bay and another half of them with 3-bay in the same area. They answered about the degree of satisfaction with the characteristics of each room and the preferred floor plan type if they move to the same size housing units through a questionnaire. The results were as follows; First, the floor plan with 3-bay had more diverse elements than one with 2-bay. Second, the residents who lived in 3-bay housing unit were younger, higher education, and higher income than the ones in 2-bay. Third, the residents who lived in $85m^2$-sized housing unit were more satisfied with and preferred to 3-bay housing units than 2-bay one.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.46-56
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• 2012

Though Korea and China have a lot of things in common, these two countries have developed different housing style. However, after modernization, apartments have become major housing style in both Korea and China. So this research analyzed 240 apartment plans which was build in Seoul and Beijing in 2000s and 2010s to predict the future trends for apartments. The results are as follows: The opening direction of the front door will be outwards as the hallway space of small apartments in China become wider as the living standards is increasing. Because of the floor sitting lifestyle, Koreans end outdoor activities when take off their shoes at the entrance hall and continue for indoor activities, they separate entrance hall from livingroom. However, because Chinese have chair sitting lifestyle, entrance hall and livingroom is not divided. Korean apartment shows a trend which connects livingroom, diningroom and kitchen altogether; however, Chinese apartment shows a trend which separates kitchen from livingroom and diningroom. Bedrooms are showing a trend of distributed layout. Master bedroom are showing a trend which includes separate bathroom or attached room as the size of apartment increases and so on.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2004년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.31-35
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• 2004

The The purpose of this study was to compare of the characteristics of floor plan and housing satisfaction with two types of housing units, 2-bay and 3-bay. Two bay housing unit is one that two rooms, a bedroom and a living room, are in the front side of housing unit, and 3-bay is one that three rooms such as two bedrooms and a living room are in the front side. 15floor 85m$^2$-sized plans of housing unit were analyzed. There were differences in the arrangement of entrance, balcony, and bathrooms between two types of housing units. The subjects were 200 housewife who lived in 2-bay housing unit and 200 ones in 3-bay one. The residents who lived in 3-bay were younger, higher education and income level, and more home ownerships than ones in 2-bay. The residents in 3-bay were more satisfied with their housing unit than in 2-bay.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to establish objectives for ninth grade studies of heredity and evolution in middle school in an attempt to foster students' consciousness of bioethics, and it's additionally intended to develop and apply lesson plans handling different points at issue and to determine the effects of the lesson plans on the bioethics of middle school students. The subjects in this study were 152 ninth graders in a middle school, whose science scores were similar. An experimental group and a control group were made up of 76 students respectively, and a pretest was conducted with test paper developed by this researcher to assess their awareness of bioethics. The experimental group took lessons by using the teaching plans prepared in this study, and the control group received typical education according to the curriculum. And then a posttest was implemented with test paper developed in this study to compare the two groups. In addition their science grades were compared as well. The findings of the study were as follows: First, seven learning objectives were selected from three units related to bioethics in the third-year 8th category of heredity and evolution of middle school. Second, in order to attain the selected learning objectives, four session lesson plans were prepared. Third, the experimental group that studied using by the lesson plans made better progress in bioethics awareness and the gap between the two was statistically significant(t=6.61, p<.001). The former were ahead of the latter in consciousness about species equity(t=7.71, p<.001), the dignity of life (t=3.78, p<.001), human rights(t=2.99, p<.01) and equity among generations(t=2.66, p<.01), but not in awareness of the diversity of species. Fourth, there was no significant gap in science scores between the students studied according to the curriculum and those who received instructions by using the lesson plans developed in the study.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제41호
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• pp.112-120
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to review the plan composition characteristics of the super high-rise apartment. 20 cases were selected in Seoul and Kyunggi area that were planned or constructed since 1999, and 10 unit plans were analyzed to review such design characteristics as block type & entry access type, plane figure, opening layout, area distribution and spice composition of unit plan. The result of the study shows that the super high-rise apartment has more variant block types and plane figures compare with the conventional high-rise apartment, and it also has several design characteristics in plane composition such as the increase of the number of the walls with openings, the weakening of the spatial centralization of a living room and the dispersion of rooms with the increase of connection by corridors.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.79-88
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• 2009

A planned access method on constantly-changing-community unit plan changes and develops based on the periodical situation and also plan theory. In this research, it is to present the link between the theory of complex city change and the plan factor of it, and to show how Korean residential complex plan has changed as time passed and how new concept of city plan came up and by applying new methods how can this affect our real world and the past plan. In the phase of analysis, it analyzed the flow of 'community unit plan' and its theory and investigated the factor of compositional space and built a analysis frame. The factors of community unit plan are space structure, size and shape of block, population, distribution of facilities and movement system. It chose the place that can represent the flow of community unit plan trand and that indicates the obvious development leading to Jamsil (1975), Gwa Chun (1980), Mok Dong (1983), Sang Ge (1985), Ilsan (1989), Dong tan (2001) and Eun Jung (2003) total of 7 places. And to compare a similar size of the city, it selected a small community unit. Based on the result of theoretical study and prior research, it can be said that the space composition style has change from a whole complete complex area to a linked-cross over community unit and the access of urban level was on set. Also, a pedestrian walking area was secured and the dense of building structure and pleasant environment wanting need was in balance. For facility plans, the usage of facility and functional change brought change of type, size and disposition. The walking area for pedestrian became a huge matter. Therefore, market, education, public facilities and green system collaborated to co-build a whole community unit and activated the walking environment. Also, public transportation, environment friendly city organization was built.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.68-75
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• 2016

본 연구에 있어서 현 EPR제도의 확대 품목의 부족성 및 문제점을 파악하기 위하여 B시의 소, 중, 대규모 별 아파트의 현장조사를 통하여 실질적인 발생량과 원단위를 파악하고 통계자료에 나타나지 않는 품목들을 예측하여 그에 따른 결과값으로 현재 이루어지는 재활용 분리수거의 문제점을 비교하고 분석하였으며 이를 뒷받침하기 위하여 B시에 거주하는 전문가 및 전문분야 학생 137명을 대상으로 EPR제도 품목 및 인식여부에 대한 설문조사를 실시하여 일반적으로 사람들 인식에 부족한 EPR제도 품목의 필요성 및 현 재활용 분리배출의 시스템의 오류를 지적하였고 향후 원활하고 지향적인 시스템 구축을 위한 해결 방안을 모색하였다.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.61-79
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• 2010

본 연구는 현장에서 '생애설계와 진로탐색' 단원의 효과적인 수업을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고 도서관을 활용한 실천적 문제 중심 학습의 활용 가능성을 제시하는데 목적을 두고 설계되었다. 제7차 교육과정 고등학교 10학년 12종 교과서의 '생활설계' 단원과, 2007 개정 교육과정 해설서의 9학년 '생애설계와 진로탐색' 단원에 대한 내용을 분석한 결과를 바탕으로 실천적 문제를 정의하고 '생애설계와 진로탐색' 단원의 내용을 재구성하여 10차시의 학교도서관을 활용한 실천적 문제중심 가정과 교수-학습 과정안을 개발하였다. 경기도 S고등학교의 재학생 139명을 대상으로 실험집단에는 개발된 학교도서관을 활용한 문제중심 수업을 도서관에서, 비교집단에는 동일주제를 가지고 교실에서 수업을 진행한 후 '생애설계와 진로탐색' 단원에 대한 의식 및 태도와 가정과에 대한 인식의 향상정도를 공변량 분석(ANCOVA)으로 알아보고, 학생의 수업방법에 대한 만족도를 살펴보았다. 연구결과, 개발된 도서관을 활용한 실천적 문제중심 수업은 교실에서의 실천적 문제중심 수업보다 '생애설계와 진로탐색'과 관련된 바람직한 의식과 태도를 형성하고 발전시키는데 크게 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 가정교과를, 과학지식을 가정생활에 응용하는 능력을 기르는 교과, 가정과 연결된 사회문제 분석 능력을 기르는 교과, 주변사람들을 돌보고 존중하는 능력을 기르는 교과, 현대사회에서 중요한 교과라고 긍정적으로 인식하게 하는데 영향을 미치고 있었으며, 수업방법과 수업 전반에 대한 학생들의 만족도가 매우 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한방사선치료학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.57-68
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• 2017

목 적: 본 연구는 모양이 불규칙하고 손상위험장기(Organ At Risk, OAR)에 매우 인접한 타겟(Target)의 방사선 치료 시, 비동일평면상(Non-coplanar)의 빔(Beam)을 이용한 Fixed-field 세기변조 방사선치료(Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy, IMRT)와 용적변조회전 방사선치료(Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy, VMAT) 치료계획의 유용성을 평가 및 비교해 보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 본원에서 True Beam STX(Varian Medical Systems, USA)를 이용하여 전체 두피(Whole Scalp), 부분적 두피(Partial Scalp), 그리고 전체 뇌실(Whole Ventricle)에 방사선 치료를 받은 환자 중 각 부위별로 2명 씩, 총 6명을 대상으로 하였다. VMAT 치료계획 시, Beamlet에 포함되는 OAR의 용적을 최소화하기 위해 Coplanar 또는 Non-coplanar 빔을 이용하였고, Fixed-field IMRT는 6명 모두 2개 이상의 카우치(Couch) 각도를 이용한 Non-coplanar IMRT(이하 ncIMRT)로 치료계획 하였다. 결 과: 양측 수정체, 양측 시신경, 시신경 교차, 그리고 뇌 줄기의 최대선량과 양측 안구와 해마의 평균선량을 측정하였고, 6명 모두 9개의 OAR 중 6개 이상에서 VMAT 치료계획이 ncIMRT보다 1.1배에서 8.2배가량 높은 선량 값을 나타내었다. 전체 두피와 부분적 두피의 치료 시, 20 Gy가 조사되는 뇌의 용적은 VMAT이 ncIMRT의 2배 이상이었고, 전체 뇌실의 치료 시에는 두 치료계획이 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 타겟 Coverage는 두 치료계획 모두 $PTV_{100%}=95%$를 만족시켰고, 타겟 내 최대선량과 치료 시 필요한 총 Monitor Unit(MU)은 ncIMRT가 VMAT보다 높았으며 두 치료계획 모두 임상적용을 위한 Gamma test 시행 결과, 2 mm/2 % 조건을 통과하였다. 결 론: 본 연구 결과, ncIMRT는 VMAT에 비해 치료 시 필요한 MU가 높아 치료시간과 장비의 로딩(Loading)을 증가시키므로 치료의 효율성은 다소 떨어지지만, VMAT과 비슷한 타겟 Coverage를 유지하면서, OAR의 선량은 훨씬 감소시키는 것을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 모양이 불규칙하고 OAR에 매우 인접해 있는 타겟의 방사선 치료 시에는 ncIMRT 치료계획을 고려해 볼 필요가 있다고 사료된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권22호
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• pp.9979-9983
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• 2014

Background: The population of Songkhla, a province in Southern Thailand, can be divided into a predominantly Muslim subpopulation (PMSP, approximately 70% Muslim) and a predominantly Buddhist subpopulation (PBSP, around 14% Muslim). Objectives: This study was conducted to 1) describe the incidence of various cancers in both PMSP and PBSP, and 2) compare the incidence of various cancers between the two subpopulations. Materials and Methods: Cancer cases diagnosed between 1990 and 2010 were drawn from the database of Songkhla Cancer Registry. Population denominators were estimated from the 3 population censuses surveyed by the National Statistical Office of Thailand in 1990, 2000, and 2010. Results: The age-standardized incidence rates (ASR) of the 5 commonest male cancers among both subpopulations were calculated. In females, a lower incidence of cancers of the cervix and breast in PMSP compared to PBSP, with odds ratios of 0.54 (95% CI: 0.45-0.64) and 0.51 (95% CI: 0.43-0.60) respectively, was observed. In males, the incidence of cancers of the lung, liver, colon-rectum, and some other cancers were significantly different between the two populations in the past, but only prostate cancer showed a lower incidence among males in PMSP in recent years. Independent of sex and year of diagnosis, the incidence of lung, liver, NHL, and colorectal cancers was lower in MPSP compared to BPSP, with odds ratios of 0.75 (95% CI: 0.65-0.85), 0.74 (95% CI: 0.62-0.88), 0.74 (95% CI: 0.60-0.91), and 0.67 (95% CI: 0.56-0.78) respectively. Conclusions: The differences in incidence of some cancers and religionrelated culture between the two subpopulations need 2 sets of cancer-control plans and goals to fit the unique population context in deep Southern Thailand. This plan can be used in the 3 southernmost provinces of Thailand where the percentage of Muslims is over 85%.