• 한국관개배수논문집
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.17-31
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• 2014

Excessive emission of greenhouse gases from fossil fuels usage has become a major cause of climate change. As an alternative to reduce the greenhouse gas emission, renewable energy has been highlighted around the world and UK government also established the Climate Change Act 2008 and policies for response the climate change. Those of them has been supporting many practical actions for reducing greenhouse gas emission and community energy projects is representative program to supporting security of energy supply and helping the country to reduce its carbon footprint. Rural Community Energy Fund (RCEF) which is one of community energy projects supports rural communities to develop renewable energy projects which provide economic and social benefits to the community. The review of UK's renewable energy policies and action plan can be useful to promote in Korea policies for becoming low-carbon society.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.27-30
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• 2010

본 논문은 LNG 냉열에너지를 이용한 지역집단 냉방에너지 시스템을 공급하기 위한 시스템 공정설계에 관한 연구이다. 새로이 개발한 LNG 냉방시스템은 여러 개의 열교환기, LNG 저장탱크, 열매체 저장탱크, 여러 개의 냉열에너지 저장탱크, 가스냉방기, 압축기, 정압기, 저온 및 고온에너지 공급배관 등으로 구성되도록 설계하였다. 또한, 가스냉방기는 여름철에 도시가스 소모량에 의해 충분하지 못한 LNG 냉열에너지를 안정적으로 공급하기 위해 설치되었다. 냉방에너지 공급시스템은 공기라는 열매체와 200kcal/kg의 냉열에너지를 가진 LNG 사이의 열교환 작용에 의해 냉방에너지를 공급하는 효율성과 안전성을 함께 갖추고 있다. 또한, LNG 냉열에너지를 이용한 지역집단 냉방에너지 공급시스템은 공기중으로 CO2나 프레온 가스를 방출하기 않는다는 장점을 간고 있다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.669-674
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• 2012

최근에 준공된 디큐브시티는 사무용, 상업용, 숙박용 및 관람집회용 등 4개의 시설이 공존하는 복합건물이다. 이 건물에는 필요로 하는 전기와 증기, 온수 및 냉수를 공급하기 위해 구역형 에너지공급시스템(Community energy supply system)이 설치되었다. 다양한 건물설비를 효과적으로 운영하기 위해 건물에너지관리시스템(Building energy management system)의 설치를 검토하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 3개의 열병합발전시스템을 비롯하여 7대의 증기보일러, 2대의 중온수보일러와 2대의 흡수식냉동기 및 4대의 터보냉동기 등으로 구성되는 구역형 에너지공급시스템의 최적 운전 및 설계방법을 검토하였다. 결과로서 에너지 수요변화에 따른 구역형 에너지공급시스템의 최적 운전방법과 계절적 운전조건의 변화가 시스템의 경제성에 미치는 영향을 규명하였다. 또 시설별 규모에 따라 결정되는 에너지 수요가 건물 전체의 에너지 소비에 미치는 영향도 분석하였다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2004년도 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.120-122
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• 2004

This paper analyse impacts of Community Energy System (CES) on the grid during transition periods for integrating of the CES and the grid. In the near future, CES might be one of major energy supply structures. The basic concept of CES is that it supplies electrical and thermal energy to the local customer loads through the islanded power network separated from the grid. Therefore, the interconnection with the grid occurs only when the energy supply from the CES generators does not meet the demand of the local load. For avoiding impacting the grid during the transition operation modes of CES, it is necessary to thoroughly analyse the influences on the grid during those periods. In order to show them, in this paper, we model the CES with 2.34 WVA DG and simulate the impacts on the grid due to interconnection of CES The simulation results show that, in order to reduce bad influences of CES on the grid, CES need the efficient load management and generation control schemes during the transition periods.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2008년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.1007-1012
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• 2008

Demand for the highly efficient and high performance urban energy supply system having been continuously increased according to the rise of quality of life and continuously increased energy cost all over the world. The district heating and cooling system is very effective way for energy saving, cost reduction, and demand side management of energy. There are several district cooling supply technologies such as chilled water direct transportation, installation of absorption type chiller in the user side, and desiccant cooling. This study investigates the advantage and technical problems of each district cooling technology. Also, it is necessary political and financial support system for the extension of district cooling system.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.87-95
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• 2015

Objectives: Maintaining a balanced diet and thus health is crucial for adolescents, and the first step for balanced diet practice is meal planning. Adolescents, however, find it difficult to plan their meals. This study thus was set out to design an easier way of planning meals for adolescent girls. Methods: A dish-based target pattern for adolescent girls was tabulated, and validity of this was examined. Meal plan applying a dish-based target pattern was prepared by 150 female middle school students, and nutritional adequacies of those meal plans were examined. Validity and adequacy were tested by energy content, energy contribution ratio, nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR), probability of nutrient inadequacy, index of nutritional quality (INQ) calculation. Results: A dish-based target pattern with 11 dish groups was validated for nutritional adequacy. Though the NAR of calcium was 0.96, the INQ of calcium was 1.00. The average energy supply from the meal plans was 2,379 kcal, higher than the estimated energy requirement of a female middle school student, but the energy contribution ratio of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats were all adequate according to the acceptable macronutrient distribution range (AMDR). NAR of all nutrients examined were 1.0, except for calcium. The NAR and INQ of calcium were 0.87 and 0.75, respectively, and the meal plans at risk for calcium inadequacy was 19.30%. Conclusions: A dish-based target pattern proposed for adolescent girls was valid, but the meal plan prepared by female middle school students using this approach was high in energy and low in calcium supply. To cut down the energy supply from the meal plan, it is necessary to recommend dishes low in fat and use low fat cooking methods. To increase the calcium supply, it is important to recommend seaweed and legume group dishes with higher Ca INQ food items.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2004년도 동계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.29-29
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• 2004

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2009년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.177-182
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to investigate planning of urban energy supply systems configuration and operating conditions for the district heating and cooling system using combined heat and power system. Generally the district heating and cooling system has been known to one of the effective way for energy saving, cost reduction and demand side management of energy. Economical analyses were carried out and operating characteristics for some systems were examined in terms of GER factor which represents to the ratio of gas and electricity costs. Rates of the energy consumption and the $CO_2$ emission were compared from the system configuration of the energy supply system with new district cooling system with the conventional one.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2008년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.825-832
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• 2008

A simulation program is developed for analysing thermal networking process between the District heating and the CES(Community Energy Supply) systems. The effects of thermal networking on the District heating facilities previously being operated are implemented using mathematical correlations in terms of the fuel consumption and energy load such as heating and electricity. The operational characteristics according to the prime movers is modeled based on the materials of efficiency as a function of operational load. The unit energy load model is also developed extensively for several building types such as apartment complex, hotel, hospital, buildings for business and commercial use respectively. The specific features of the newly developed program in simulation of thermal networking process in district heating is described in terms of the reliability and the easiness for operating it etc.

• 대한설비공학회지:설비저널
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.57-67
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• 2000

최근 국민소득수준의 향상을 따라 여름철 전력 수요가 폭증하므로 전력안정 공급을 위한 특별 대책이 필요한 실정이고 환경적인 측면이나 수용가 입장에서 만족스러운 새로운 냉·난방, 전기 공급시스템의 개발·적용이 필요하다. 선진국의 경우, 소규모의 집단에너지 공급이 주류를 이루고 있으며 특히 소규모 열병합 발전시 생산되는 전기, 지역난방열 이외에 냉방에 필요한 냉수를 중앙열원에서 동빌딩을 중심으로하는 구역형 집단에너지 시스템(Community Energy Supply System)등 소규모지역 난냉방 공급방식이 활성화되어 있으므로, 우리나라에서도 냉방/난방/전기부하 패턴 및 하절기 피크부하 경감에 대한 기여도 등을 고려한 경제성있는 최적시스템 구성이 가능한지 검토할 필요가 있다. 소규모 집단에너지사업은 대규모 사업과는 달리 적정 수요예측이 가능하므로 효율적인 초기 투자가 이루어질 수 있으며, 상업용 및 사업용 빌딩 등을 중심으로 부하밀도가 높은 구역을 대상으로 하명서 해당 부하패턴에 적합한 효율적인 시스템의 구성을 통해 수익성이 확보된다면 국가 에너지절약 및 한전의 여름철 전력 피크부하 경감, 대기 환경공해 감소, 도심 도시미관 향상 등의 사업효과가 기대된다. 본문에서는 이러한 소규모 집단에너지시스템 개요 및 국내외 공급 현황, 국내 적용환경, 적용 가능에너지 검토 열원시스템의 기본방향 등에 대하여 언급하고자 한다.