• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.608-627
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• 2016

Wireless mesh networks (WMNs) based on IEEE 802.11s have emerged as one of the prominent technologies in multi-hop communications. However, the deployment of WMNs suffers from serious interference problem which severely limits the system capacity. Using multiple radios for each mesh router over multiple channels, the interference can be reduced and improve system capacity. Nevertheless, interference cannot be completely eliminated due to the limited number of available channels. An effective approach to mitigate interference is to apply dynamic channel switching (DCS) in WMNs. Conventional DCS schemes trigger channel switching if interference is detected or exceeds a predefined threshold which might cause unnecessary channel switching and long protocol overheads. In this paper, a P-learning based dynamic switching algorithm known as learning automaton (LA)-based DCS algorithm is proposed. Initially, an optimal channel for communicating node pairs is determined through the learning process. Then, a novel switching metric is introduced in our LA-based DCS algorithm to avoid unnecessary initialization of channel switching. Hence, the proposed LA-based DCS algorithm enables each pair of communicating mesh nodes to communicate over the least loaded channels and consequently improve network performance.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.38-41
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• 2013

A 31-year-old female patient presented with a skin and soft tissue defect measuring $8{\times}6cm$ in size with exposure of the extensor hallucis longus tendon and the first metatarsal bone after metatarsal lengthening for brachymetatarsia. The defect was covered with a distally based dorsalis pedis flap based on the distal communicating branch of the dorsalis pedis artery. Secondary defect was covered by a split thickness skin graft. There was congestion of the flap tip after the operation; however, it was resolved using medical leeches and anti-coagulants. No necrosis or infection was encountered and the contour of the flap was satisfactory. There was no donor site morbidity. Reverse dorsalis pedis flap has not been commonly used due to the anatomical variation and uncertainty, which is different from the reverse radial forearm flap. However, when faced with the challenge of a moderate soft tissue defect of the distal forefoot, we believe that the reverse dorsalis pedis flap offers a good option with various advantages.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.379-393
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to analyze the complexity of scientific reasoning during open inquiry activities of pre-service elementary school teachers. In this study, 6 pre-service elementary teachers who participated in open-inquiry activities were selected. The data of scientific reasoning during their inquiry process was collected from the video recording of reporting about inquiry process and results, their reports and researcher's notetaking. CSRI Matrix (Dolan & Grady, 2010) was used to analyze the complexity of participants' scientific reasoning. The result showed that the degree of the complexity of their scientific reasoning varied in participants. Particularly the low degree of the complexity of scientific reasoning presented in posing preliminary hypotheses, providing suggestions for future research, communicating and defending finding. Also, The more pre-service teachers' epistemology of inquiry are similar to that of scientists, the more complex scientific reasoning represents. This results suggest that teachers should impress on students the importance of doing the precedent study and providing suggestions for future research, and provide a place for communicating and defending findings.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.608-619
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• 2000

In this paper, we give a formal semantics for Statechart via a translation into Algebra of Communicating Shared Hesources(ACSR). Statechart is a very rich graphical specification language, which is suitable to specify complicated reactive systems. However, the incorporation of graph into specification and rich syntax makes Statechart semantics very complicated and ambiguous. Thus, it is very difficult to verify the correctness of Statechart specifications. Also, we propose the formal verification method for Statechart specifications by showing equivalence relation between two Statechart specifications. This makes it possible to combine the advantages of a graphical language with the rigor of process algebra.

• 보존과학연구
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• s.32
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• pp.185-193
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• 2011

The Wallace Collection in London (one of the national museums in the UK) has a gallery dedicated to conservation related displays. As well as permanent displays on the manufacturing techniques and materials of artifacts, there is a specially designed space for temporary conservation exhibitions. Through the example of the current conservation exhibition at the Wallace Collection and similar exhibitions and displays from other museums in the UK, this paper will study how the relationship and communication between the conservation profession and the general public have changed, from conservation as a behind-the-scenes and little-known activity to a closer interaction with the public and as a direct educational tool. The general function of a museum can be seen to have evolved from providing passive information to its visitors to offering more active and various forms of education. Conservation has developed with this change towards more awareness of the profession and its role in the preservation of cultural heritage through public outreach programs and displays.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.222-227
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• 1998

This survey was based on the data of one hundred four dogs with 108 case,T of fracture admitted to the veterinary teaching hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University and 24 private small animal hospitals from January, 1995 to Decemberi 1996. The results were analyzed as following criteria; the distribution of fractures causes of fractured age and sexual distributions month of the most frequencel total body weights presence of communicating external wound, extent of damaged direction of fracture line, location of fracture liner fracture managements fixations methods, fixations methods according to location of fracture. The results of survey were as follow: 1. Main distribution of fracture; radius . ulna (23.1%).2. Causes of fracture; road toraffic accident (39.4 T,). 3. Age; over 24 months (27.9%). 4. Sex; male (53.89)), female (46.2%). 5. Month of the most frequence; July (14.4%) 6. Total body weight: 2-5 kg (45.27)). 7. Presence of communicating external wound; closed fracture (94.2%). 8. Extent of damage; complete fracture (92.6%). 9. Direction of fracture line: comminuted fracture (27.8 To). 10. Location of fracture line; diaphysis (62.0%). 11. Fracture management; open reduction (58.3% ). 12. Fixation methods; not treat (22.2%). 13. Fixation methods according to location of fracture; radius ulna-Kirschner wire fixation (45.5%), femur. shaft-intramedullary pinning (71.4%), pelvis-bone plate (53.3%), metacarpus-not treat, Kirschner wire fixation (each 30.8%).

• Information Systems Review
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.151-168
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• 2003

A knowledge portal is an integrated gateway for accessing relevant knowledge, collaborating and communicating with other users, and also linking internal applications which is becoming crucial in the age of information abundance. Research and development is a typical knowledge-intensive activity. However, knowledge management support in R&D has been minimal in most research organizations. In this paper, a knowledge portal is designed to support team-based researches in science and technology for searching and browsing knowledge, and also communicating with other team members, coordinating research project and collaborating with other researchers. Automating knowledge acquisition from various knowledge sources, knowledge categorization by applying text categorization method, and knowledge recommendation can help to relieve management effort and increase the efficiency of knowledge management processes. A prototype system based on the suggested model is also presented.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.552-554
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• 2019

Deaf mutism (a hearing-impaired person and speech disorders) communicates using sign language. There are difficulties in communicating by voice. However, sign language can only be limited in communicating with people who know sign language because everyone doesn't use sign language when they communicate. In this paper, a finger language translation system is proposed and implemented as a means for the disabled and the non-disabled to communicate without difficulty. The proposed algorithm recognizes the finger language data by leap motion and self-learns the data using machine learning technology to increase recognition rate. We show performance improvement from the simulation results.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.51-73
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• 2023

Social media play a significant role in communicating information across the globe, connecting with loved ones, getting the news, communicating ideas, etc. However, a group of people uses social media to spread fake information, which has a bad impact on society. Therefore, minimizing fake news and its detection are the two primary challenges that need to be addressed. This paper presents a multi-modal deep learning technique to address the above challenges. The proposed modal can use and process visual and textual features. Therefore, it has the ability to detect fake information from visual and textual data. We used EfficientNetB0 and a sentence transformer, respectively, for detecting counterfeit images and for textural learning. Feature embedding is performed at individual channels, whilst fusion is done at the last classification layer. The late fusion is applied intentionally to mitigate the noisy data that are generated by multi-modalities. Extensive experiments are conducted, and performance is evaluated against state-of-the-art methods. Three real-world benchmark datasets, such as MediaEval (Twitter), Weibo, and Fakeddit, are used for experimentation. Result reveals that the proposed modal outperformed the state-of-the-art methods and achieved an accuracy of 86.48%, 82.50%, and 88.80%, respectively, for MediaEval (Twitter), Weibo, and Fakeddit datasets.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.844-847
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• 2011

Wireless mesh network (WMN) is a type of mobile ad-hoc network consists of wireless router, mobile clients and gateway which connects the network with the Internet. To provide security in the network it is required to encrypt the message sent among the communicating nodes in such way so that only legitimate user can retrieve the original data. Several security mechanisms have been proposed so far to enhance the security of WMN. However, there still exists a need for a comprehensive mechanism to prevent attacks in data communication. Considering the characteristic of mesh network, in this paper we proposed a public key cryptography based security architecture to establish a secure key agreement among communicating nodes in mesh network. The proposed security architecture consists of two major sections: client data protection and network data protection. Client data protection deals with the mutual authentication between the client and the access router and provide client to access router encryption for data confidentiality using standard IEEE 802.11i protocol. On the other hand, network data protection ensures encrypted routing and data transfer in the multi hop backbone network. For the network data protection, we used the pre-distributed public key to form a secure backbone infrastructure.