• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.301-306
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• 2007

We attempted to identify parasite DNA in the biliary stones of humans via PCR and DNA sequencing. Genomic DNA was isolated from each of 15 common bile duct (CBD) stones and 5 gallbladder (GB) stones. The patients who had the CBD stones suffered from cholangitis, and the patients with GB stones showed acute cholecystitis, respectively. The 28S and 18S rDNA genes were amplified successfully from 3 and/or 1 common bile duct stone samples, and then cloned and sequenced. The 28S and 18S rDNA sequences were highly conserved among isolates. Identity of the obtained 28S D1 rDNA with that of Clonorchis sinensis was higher than 97.6%, and identity of the 18S rDNA with that of other Ascarididae was 97.9%. Almost no intra-specific variations were detected in the 28S and 18S rDNA with the exception of a few nucleotide variations, i.e., substitution and deletion. These findings suggest that C. sinensis and Ascaris lumbricoides may be related with the biliary stoneformation and development.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.139-150
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• 1985

From 1977 through 1984, 97 patients of V.S.D. were treated surgically at Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Korea University college of Medicine. Among 97 patients, 3 patients were treated by PDA ligation, 3 patients were treated by PDA ligation and subclavian flap aortoplasty, 1 patient were treated by pulmonary artery banding. All of the above patients were analyzed clinically. The results were as follows; 1. Of the patients, 52 patients were male [55.5%] and 45 patients were female [44.5%]. Their age ranged from 7 days to 32 year, and the mean age was 9 year of age and 28.9% of patients were between 4 and 8 year of age. 2. The most common clinical symptoms were frequent U.R.l. and D.O.E.. 3. The most common chest PA findings were cardiomegaly and increased pulmonary vascularity. 4. Associated anomaly was founded in 27 cases and PDA was most common associated anomaly and others were A.S.D., pulmonary stenosis, aortic regurgitation, D.C.R.V.. 5. Pulmonary hypertension was founded in 37 patients and it`s incidence was increased by patient age and shunt amount. 6. On Kirklin`s anatomical classification, type 11 defect was most common [45.5%], and type 1 was 35.5%, and type 111 was 4.4%, and type 1V was 4.4%. 7. Mean E.C.C. time was 69.1 min. and varied by closing method and associated anomaly as in case of simple closure; 47.8 min., in case of patch closure; 77.2 min., in cases with associated anomaly; 92.7 min.. 8. Mean postoperative ventilatory assisted time was 7.3 hour and varied by preoperative pulmonary artery pressure and E.C.C. time, as the group with pulmonary hypertension; 10.5 hour, the group without pulmonary hypertension; 5.5 hour, the group of short E.C.C time [within 1 hour]; 4.4 hour, the group of long E.C.C. time [over 1 hour]; 8.4 hour. 9. Overall operative mortality was 9.3% [9 cases].

• 항공우주기술
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.38-45
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• 2008

It is challenging to build the integrated information system for a large scale cooperative R & D project. To develop the aircraft program which especially has several leading agencies and is supported by many demestic/foreign participating companies, the common data flow in harmony is the core factor to achieve a development goal. For this, the development are carried out maintaining the existing management systems of agencies and companies. As a first step, the standard for the common data information and the classification category of technical data are defined. Second, the work flow standards are also set. Based on the foundation, the efficient technical data management system are built including the function of storage, inquiry, revision, link, approval, submission, etc.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.83-88
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• 2018

Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies have attracted wide attention as key technologies for the next industrial revolution. Among AM technologies using various materials, powder bed fusion (PBF) processes and direct energy deposition (DED) are representative of the metal 3-D printing process. Both of these processes have a common feature that the laser is used as a heat source to fabricate the 3-D shape through melting of the metal powder and solidification. However, the material properties of the deposited metals differ when produced by different process conditions and methods. 17-4 precipitation-hardening stainless steel (17-4PH SS) is widely used in the field of aircraft, chemical, and nuclear industries because of its good mechanical properties and excellent corrosion resistance. In this study, we investigated the differences in microstructure and mechanical properties of deposited 17-4PH SS by PBF and DED processes, including the heat treatment effect.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2013

According to the relation of the attribution of residents, we analyzed the spatial characteristics of newly-built Hanok in Bukchon focused on a spatial area-ratio, the number of rooms, L/D/K configuration. The results are as follows: 1) Have increased the number of residents, the family members are also increased. In this study, the major formed case is 3 residents and two-generation family. 2) In the most cases, R area-ratio is the highest, next to L/D/K integrated area-ratio. While the examples that the L/D/K integrated area-ratio is lower than R area-ratio, or is also higher than R area-ratio are appeared. These examples can present that it has a tendency to secure the necessary room depending on the attribution of residents. 3) L/D/K is classified into four types of connection. And the characteristics depending on the number of rooms are as follows. L+DK is the most common type, next to LDK>LD+K>L+D+K. And L+DK is widely distributed in each sized area. And particularly, it is appeared mostly in 3R.

• 시스템엔지니어링학술지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.34-41
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• 2017

The Pyro project, one of the large national R&D project to construct Korea Advanced Pyroprocessing Facility (KAPF), which has many goals such as development of pyro technology and process equipment, design of equipment and facility, construction, and test operation, is now under research and development. To reduce uncertainty and risk of such complex project, the technical management processes in systems engineering standards and NASA handbook were reviewed, and then the ten common technical management processes were selected for the large national R&D project to meet its goal successfully. And the essential technical management processes were finally suggested for Pyro project in consideration of current situation of the project.

• Mycobiology
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.57-67
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• 2004

For investigation of the species diversity of the Genus Crepidotus in Korea and constructing a key to Korean Crepidotus species, a total of 65 specimens, collected from 18 locations from 1982 to 2002, were observed for morphological characters of carpophores and other features. All the specimens have been preserved in the herbarium of the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, R.D.A., Suwon, Korea. The specimens were identified according to the classification systems given by Hesler and Smith(1965), Nordstein(1990), Orton(1960), Pilat(1948), Senn-Irlet(1991, 1992, 1993) and Singer(1951, 1973, 1986). In this study, a total of 10 Crepidotus species were confirmed. Among them, Korean common names were designated to six unrecorded species as follows: C. uber, "끈적귀버섯"; C. hygrophanus, "곤약귀버섯"; C. latifolius, "꼬마무리귀버섯"; C. obscurus, "먼지귀버섯"; C. subverrucisporus, "분홍주름귀버섯"; and C. circinatus, "노란고리귀버섯". A key to 10 Crepidotus species has been constructed.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.274-279
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• 2015

Reduced graphite oxides (rGOs) were prepared by the common graphite oxidation method and the subsequent reductions. The reduction of graphite oxides (GOs) was conducted chemically and/or thermally. To further reduce the as-prepared rGOs, GOs were treated with chemical/thermal reductions or thermal/chemical reductions, in which the reduction sequence was also considered. The structural changes of as-prepared rGOs, depending on reduction methods, were investigated by X-ray diffraction analyses, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. In addition, we discuss the structural change of the rGOs and their closely related physical and electrical properties, such as thermogravimetry, nitrogen adsorption isotherm, and sheet resistance.

• 기술혁신학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.532-562
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• 2008

최근 국가연구개발사업의 성과관리 측면에서 논의되고 있는 이슈 가운데 하나가 공동연구개발을 통해 발생된 지적재산권의 관리에 관한 것으로, 현행 법제에 따르면 국가공동연구개발 특허는 주관연구기관과 참여기업이 투자지분에 따라 공동으로 소유하도록 하고 있는 바, 과연 이것이 법리상으로나 실제상 바람직한가에 대하여 많은 논의들이 일어나고 있다. 국가공동연구개발 특허는 공공자산 및 공유특허로서의 속성상 여러 관련법령에 의하여 복합적으로 규율되는 구조를 띠고 있으며, 그 권리의 행사에 있어서도 일정한 제약이 따르는 등 일반특허와는 다른 특성을 갖는다. 이 글은 국가공동연구개발 과정에서 발생된 특허의 귀속 및 활용에 관한 규율법리를 체계적으로 검토하고, 이를 바탕으로 현행 제도의 발전적 개선방안을 모색함을 목적으로 하고 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 국가공동연구개발 특허의 의의와 법적 규율체계를 살펴보고, 공동발명 특허권의 귀속 및 활용에 관한 법적 지배원리를 규명한 다음, 현행 제도의 문제점과 개선방안에 대하여 살펴보았다.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
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• pp.355.3-356
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• 2002

Prostaglandins are synthesized by the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX). Both constitutive (COX-1) and inducible (COX-2) isoforms have been identified. COX-2 expression is stimulated by inflammatory mediators such as growth factors and cytokines. Most non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) inhibit both isoforms of COX. Recent evidence suggests that selective inhibitors of COX-2 may possess diminished side effects reletive to common NSAIDS. Novel isothiazoles and isoxazoles were identified as selective inhibitiors of cycloxygenase-2(COX-2). (omitted)