• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2006년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.554-559
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• 2006

The currently common housing is obviously going to be under the reconstruction in just $20{\sim}30$ years, with the failure to satisfy the improvement of national income, diversification and advance of national demand. But, reckless and random reconstruction Induce the serious problem of environmental pollution involving the loss of national treasury and excess materials of constructions. In order to address such problem, the common housing of longevity, which can adequately cope with the changes of times and tastes of inhabiters, in the future, is arising as an alternative. Recently, the groundbreaking phase of common housing is also being considered as another alternative to resolve such problem. The common housing of longevity has an advantage to create a free and comfortable space in accordance with the tastes of inhabiters, as well as expanding the durability of building. But, the current facility system has an inability to deal with the sort of housing. Thus, the research paper is designed to make an analysis on problems of common housing in South Korea, which has made it difficult to handle a changing space, and based on the analysis, the paper is intended to make a review on the future-oriented facility service appropriate enough to deal with the changing aspects of space.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2010

Purpose: Poisoning is a major health problem for the elderly, and poisoning can cause fatal side effects. However, the characteristics and clinical features of elderly patients with acute poisoning have not been well studied in the previous domestic research. So, we tried to analyze the clinical characteristics and toxic substances of the patients who were 65 years old or older and who were admitted to the regional emergency medical center due to acute poisoning. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and poisoning protocols of the patients who were 65 years of age or older and who had with acute poisoning and who visited the ED in our emergency center from January 2005 to December 2009. We collected the demographic information, the gender, the underlying diseases, the causes and toxic substances, the initial presentation, the treatment and the outcomes. Results: A total of 2179 poisoned patients visited the hospital during 5 years, and among them 244 were 65 years of age or older (11.2%). The mean age was $75.6{\pm}6.9$ years and the male:female ratio was 1:1.7. The most common cause of poisoning was suicide (73.4%) and the most common source of poisonous substances was their own drugs. Of the substances used for poisoning, benzodiazepine was the most common drug (25.8%), followed by sedatives other than benzodiazepine (25.4%), insecticide (12.7%), chemical agents (12.3%) and herbicides (8.2%). The most common initial presentation was mental change (64.8%). When comparing the factors between the three elderly groups, there was no difference in gender, the cause, the substances and the underlying disease. The outcomes of treatment included ICU admission (56.1%), a good condition at discharge (12.7%) and admission to a general ward (12.7%). The overall mortality rate was 10.2% for the elderly patients. Conclusion: In this Korean study, unlike the foreign studies, the most common cause of poisoning in elderly patients was intentional poisoning. The admission rate was 68.8% and mortality rate was 10.2%.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.72-81
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• 2012

Using artificial neural network (ANN) technique, auction prices for common mackerel were forecasted with the daily total sale and auction price data at the Busan Cooperative Fish Market before introducing Total Allowable Catch (TAC) system, when catch data had no limit in Korea. Virtual input data produced from actual data were used to improve the accuracy of prediction and the suitable neural network was induced for the prediction. We tested 35 networks to be retained 10, and found good performance network with regression ratio of 0.904 and determination coefficient of 0.695. There were significant variations between training and verification errors in this network. Ideally, it should require more training cases to avoid over-learning, which leads to improve performance and makes the results more reliable. And the precision of prediction was improved when environmental factors including physical and biological variables were added. This network for prediction of price and catch was considered to be applicable for other fishes.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.284-288
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• 2004

영아에서 담관의 자연 천공은 매우 드물며 조기에 발견하여 치료하지 않으면 사망할 수 있는 질환이다. 출생 후 건강하던 영아가 복부팽만, 복수, 황달이 나타나면 의심하게 되며 대부분 수술적 담도 조영술을 시행하는 과정에서 진단된다. 저자들은 복부팽만, 황달, 무담즙변 증상이 있는 생후 4개월 된 소아에서 총담관의 자연천공 1례를 경험하여 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Carbon letters
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.192-200
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• 2010

Common reed (Fragmites australis), a local invasive grass, was investigated as a possible feedstock for the production of activated carbon. Dried crushed stems were subjected to impregnation with phosphoric acid (30, 40 and 50%) followed by pyrolysis at $400{\sim}500^{\circ}C$ with final washing and drying. Obtained carbons were characterized by determining: carbon yield, ash content, slurry pH, textural properties and capacity to remove color bodies from factory-grade sugar liquor. Produced carbons possessed surface area up to 700 $m^2/g$, total pore volumes up to 0.37 $cm^3/g$, and proved to be microporous in nature. Decolorization of hot sugar liquor at $80^{\circ}C$ showed degrees of color removal of 60 up to 77% from initial color of 1100~1300 ICU, at a carbon dose of 1.0 g/100 ml liquor. No correlation seems to hold between synthesis conditions and % R but depends on the degree of microporosity. A commercial activated carbon N showed a comparative better color removal capacity of 91%. Common reed proved to be a viable carbon precursor for production of good adsorbing carbon suitable for decolorization in the sugar industry, as well as in other environmental remediation processes.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.139-148
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• 1985

잉어와 붕장어의 어체 전처리 방법에 따른 동결저장중의 어묵형성능에 관하여 실험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 어체 전처리방법으로써 전어체, 채육기로 채육한것, 채육하여 수세탈수한 것 및 고기풀의 4종 상태로 처리하여 $-30^{\circ}C$에서 3개월 동안 동결저장했을때 원료 및 제품의 품질은 모두 전체적으로 양호한 편이었다. 어체 전처리방법에 따라 처리하여 동결저장한 원료로써 만든 어묵제품 품질은 잉어의 경우, 전어체 그대로 동결저장하는 것이 제품 품질이 가장 양호하였고 그 다음이 채육기로 채육한 것, 채육하여 수세탈수한 것 및 고기풀의 순이었으며, 붕장어에서는 고기풀 상태로 저장한 것이 가장 좋았으며 다음이 전어체, 채육하여 수세탈수한 것, 채육기로 채육한 것의 순이었다.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.1197-1207
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• 2014

Common-mode voltage (CMV) causes overvoltage stress to winding insulation and damages AC motors. CMV with high dv/dt causes leakage currents, which create noise problems for equipment installed near the converter. This study proposes a new pulse-width modulation (PWM) strategy for three-level T-type NPC inverters. This strategy substantially eliminates CMV. The principle for selecting suitable triangle carrier signals for the three-level T-type NPC is described. The proposed method can mitigate the peak value of CMV by 50% compared with the phase disposition pulse-width modulation method. Furthermore, the proposed method exhibits better harmonic spectrum and lower root mean square value for the CMV than those of the reduced-CMV method on the basis of the phase opposition disposition PWM scheme with modulation index higher than 0.5. The proposed modulation can easily be implemented using software without any additional hardware modifications. Both simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed carrier phase-shift PWM method has good output waveform performance and reduces CMV.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.34-38
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• 2005

Objective: Spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage in children is not common and very different compared to adults. We analyze the etiology, hemorrhagic type, clinical features, and outcome of spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage in children. Methods: Twenty-nine patients under 17years of age with nontraumatic intracranial hemorrhage were analyzed retrospectively. Neonates were excepted. We reviewed their medical records in regard to their age, symptoms, radiologic findings, treatment, and prognosis. Results: Among 29 patients, there were 17boys and 12girls. The average age was 10.2years. The most common presenting symptom was mental deterioration, and the most common cause was arteriovenous malformation. Spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage in children showed a better prognosis than in adults. Conclusion: Spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage in children resulted mainly from vascular malformation and the prognosis is relatively good. More careful follow-up studies and active management are needed for better outcomes.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.166-174
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• 1998

항정신병약물에 의한 부작용의 치료전략은 예방이 최우선이며, 그 다음이 조기발견 및 이에 대한 적절한 치료이다. 항정신병약물의 부작용을 강조하는 이유는, 약물에 대한 부정적 인상을 강화시키려는 데 있지 않고, 약물의 치료적 효과를 극대화시키려는 데 있다. 이를 위해서는 약물의 속성과 환자의 특징을 고려한 약물의 선택과 사용뿐만 아니라, 부작용에 대한 면밀한 이해와 이에 대한 치료전략을 숙지해야 한다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.414-421
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• 1982

200 patients admitted to the Chest Surgery Department of Jeonbug National University Hospital from January, 1974 to December, 1981 were analyzed clinically. The ratio of male to female was 7: 1, which showed male predominance. Distribution of patients according to age disclosed that over half [62%] of the patients was social age between 20 and 49 years. The most common cause of chest trauma was traffic accident [39%], and the next were stab wound, fall down [17.5%], and hit [8.5%] in decreasing order. Common lesions due to chest trauma were as follows; rib fracture [51%], hemopneumothorax, hemothorax, and pneumothorax in decreasing number. The most common cause of rib fracture was traffic accident [50%] and the associated organ injuries were long bone fracture, head injury, spine and pelvic bone fracture, spleen rupture, and liver laceration. Hemothorax, pneumothorax, and hemopneumothorax were treated with insertion of thoracic catheter in 90 cases, pure thoracentesis in 11 cases, and emergency thoracotomy in 11 cases. In flail chest, 6 patients were treated by intramedullary insertion of Kirschner`s wire and the results were good. The incidence of complication was 17%, including atelectasis [11 cases], pyothorax, fibrothorax, pneumonia, and acute respiratory failure. Four patients were died [2%], and the causes were acute respiratory failure in 2 cases, spinal cord injury in one case and head injury in one case.