• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.228-236
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• 2014

One of major purposes of these standard technologies is to ensure interoperability between entities from different vendors and enable interworking between various technologies. As interoperability and interworking are essential for machine-to-machine communications (M2M) and Internet of Things (IoT) for them to achieve their ultimate goal, i.e., things to be connected each other, multiple standards organizations are now working on development M2M/IoT related specifications. This paper reviews the current activities of some of the most relevant standardization bodies in the area of M2M and IoT: third-generation partnership project (3GPP) core and radio network aspects, broadband forum, and oneM2M. The major features and issues being focused upon in these standards bodies are summarized. Finally, some key common trends among the different bodies are identified: a common service layer platform, new technologies mitigating an explosive growth of network traffic, and considerations and efforts related to the development of device management technologies.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.353-357
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• 2001

The pathogenesis of the nasal polyp is multifactorial and choanal polyps can be defined by its origin of genesis: antrochoanal (maxillochoanal), ethmochoanal and sphenochoanal polyp. Transforming growth $factor-{\beta}\;(TGF-{\beta})$ has various biologic activities, including the regulation of epithelial proliferation, the promotion of extracellular matrix formation and the induction of angiogenesis, hence closely related to pathogenesis of nasal polyp. Twenty cases of choanal polyps (13 antrochoanal, 4 ethmochoanal and 3 sphenochoanal polyps) were included in this study. Each polyp was subdivided into its origin, pedicle and choanal part. Hematoxylin and eosin stain for routine histopathology and immunohistochemistry were employed to detect expression of $TGF-{\beta}1.$ According to polyp type, edematous type is common at origin part and fibrous type at choanal part, and showed no difference at pedicle part in frequency. In ethmochoanal and sphenochoanal polyps, glandulocystic and edematous type is more common than fibrous type. $TGF-{\beta}1$ was expressed in epithelial cells, endothelial cells, eosinophils and lymphocytes. There was no different expression of $TGF-{\beta}1$ in each kind of choanal polyps and separate parts in each polyp. But histologic finding of choanal polyp is different between origin, pedicle and choanal part. Also infiltration of inflammatory cells including eosinophils has no difference between origin site. The expression of $TGF-{\beta}1$ was observed at all the choanal polyps and no difference between origin site and each portions was noted.

• BMB Reports
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.287-295
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• 1998

Acetolactate synthase (ALS) is the first common enzyme in the biosynthesis of L-Ieucine, L-isoleucine, and L-valine. The sulfonylurea-resistant ALS gene from Nicotiana tabacum was cloned into the bacterial expression vector pGEX-2T. The resulting recombinant plasmid pGEX-ALS3 was used to transform Escherichia coli strain XL1-Blue, and the mutant tobacco ALS (mALS) was expressed in the bacteria as a protein fused with glutathione S-transferase (GST). The fusion product GST-mALS was purified in a single step on a glutathione-Sepharose column. ALS activities of 0.9-2.5 ${\mu}mol/min/mg$ protein were observed in the GST-mALS, and the Km values for pyruvate, FAD, and TPP were 10.8-24.1, $(1.9-8.9){\times}10^{-3}$, and 0.14-0.38 mM, respectively. The purified GST-mALS was resistant to both the sulfonylurea and the triazolopyrimidine herbicides, and lost its sensitivity to end products, L-valine and L-leucine. For comparision, the tobacco wild-type recombinant ALS fused with GST, GST-wALS, was also characterized with respect to its pyruvate and cofactor bindings. These results suggest that the purified mutant recombinant tobacco ALS was functionally active, that the mutations resulting in herbicide resistance has affected pyruvate and cofactor bindings," and that the two classes of herbicides interact at a common site on the plant ALS.

• 교육시설
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.43-53
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• 2004

The future society, a knowledge and information society and at the same time a lifelong learning society, may be defined as the society that will embody the concept of human nature to help all the members of the society live together. The conclusions on the analysis of the types of classrooms $vis-\grave{a}-vis$ the special skills and aptitude training for students, lifelong education programs, and direction of spaces with free access after school hours are as follows : The spaces for school facilities in each domain are elaborated in Table 5. and Table 6. For spaces for special skills, aptitude programs, and lifelong education programs, there are general lecture rooms, special classrooms, and arts and physical fitness classrooms since most of the educational programs consist of culture, jobs, and hobby-related activities. Spaces are divided further into those exclusively for specific subjects and those for common use that can be utilized after school hours. They are presented in Table 8. Based on the conclusion with respect to the laying out of spaces in regular high schools, exclusive spaces for each subject and spaces for common use after school hours should be separately arranged.

• 정보처리학회논문지D
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• 제11D권4호
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• pp.917-928
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• 2004

국제 공통평가기준으로서 IS0/IEC 15408인 CC는 국내ㆍ외에서 정보보호제품에 대한 평가 체계로 사용되고 있다. 공통평가기준의 보증요구 사항에서 중요 핵심 보증클래스 중 하나인 형상관리 클래스는 TOE 제품 개발자들이 제품의 품질을 보장하기 위한 잘 정의된 절차 및 규격의 제공이 필요하다. 본 논문은 프로세스 차원에서 CC를 기반으로한 정보보호제품의 형상관리 방법론을 연구하였으며 이에 대한 명확한 품질 활동을 정의하고 형상관리 프로세스 평가를 정량적으로 수행할 수 있는 체크리스트 기반의 지원 도구인 CMPET를 개발한다. 이를 통하여 프로세스 수행활동에 대한 유용한 분석자료가 제품 개발자, 평가자 및 사용자에게 제공되어 품질활동을 개선할 수 있다.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.22-33
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• 2016

The purposes of this study were to examine the characteristics of friendship among the elderly, particularly the relationships between the functions of friendship, the degree of satisfaction with friendship, and subjective well-being. Written questionnaires completed by 244 the new-elderly(95men, mean age 60.02 years/ 149women, mean 62.04 years) were analyzed. As a result, the main findings of our study were: First, Among men, the duration of friendship was longer than among women. The most common initial acquaintance among men were co-workers, followed by schoolmates and old playmates, while friends made through leisure and volunteer activities or in the neighborhood were more common for women. Second, Factor analysis revealed the following two factors: 'trust and support', and 'companionship'. Among both men and women, the degree of satisfaction with friendship was positively correlated with subjective well-being, and the study suggested that the level of 'trust and support' influenced the degree of satisfaction with friendship. And expand the scale, because the future looked at the gender gap in the center is considered that there is a need for comparative studies specific age groups.

• 센서학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2014

Noncontact electrocardiogram (ECG) measurement using capacitive-coupled technique is a very reliable long-term noninvasive health-care remote monitoring system. It can be used continuously without interrupting the daily activities of the user and is one of the most promising developments in health-care technology. However, ECG signal is a very small electric signal. A robust system is needed to separate the clean ECG signal from noise in the measurement environment. Noise may come from many sources around the system, for example, bad contact between the sensor and body, common-mode electrical noise, movement artifacts, and triboelectric effect. Thus, in this paper, the extended Kalman filter (EKF) is applied to denoise a real-time ECG signal in capacitive-coupled sensors. The ECG signal becomes highly stable and noise-free by combining the common analog signal processing and the digital EKF in the processing step. Furthermore, to achieve ubiquitous monitoring, android-based application is developed to process the heart rate in a realtime ECG measurement.

• 한국식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물학회 1996년도 제10회 식물생명공학심포지움 고등식물 발생생물학의 최근 진보
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• pp.19-25
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• 1996

Three key genetic loci required for proper progression of leaf senescence were identified in Arabidopsis thaliana. Mutations in these loci cause delay in all senescence symptoms examined, including both anabolic and catabolic activities, during natural senescence and upon artificial senescence induced by various senescence-inducing treatments. The result provides a decisive evidence that leaf senescence is a genetically programmed phenomenon controlled by several monogenic loci in Arabidopsis thaliana. The result further indicates that leaf senescence caused by various senescence signals occurs, at least in part, through common pathways in Arabidopsis and that the threed genetic loci function at the common steps.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.265-269
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• 2003

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent regulator of normal and abnormal angiogenesis. Recent literature suggests that VEGF has several activities that may amplify acute inflammation reactions. Dysregulated VEGF expression has been implicated as a major contributor to the development of a number of common disease pathologies. One of common mutations in the 3'- untranslated region of the VEGF gene, a C\longrightarrowT exchange at nucleotide position 936, has been found to be significantly associated with VEGF expression levels in the plasma from a previous Austrian study. The frequency of this mutation could be important genetic information regarding tumor growth and angiogenesis related diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency distribution of this mutation in general Korean population. We examined the statistical data from 207 healthy Korean subjects. Observed numbers (%) of 936T were 28.5 (CT) and 3.9 (TT), respectively. The mutant allele frequency of 936T in Korean subjects was 0.18, which appeared somewhat higher than that in Austrian subjects.

• 대한정형외과스포츠의학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.36-41
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to describe the common injuries in soccer players in terms of the orthopaedic operative treatment. We classified foot pain to in forefoot , midfoot, plantar aspect and mentioned the cause, incidence and treatment methods. Ankle pain was classified to anterior, lateral, medial and posterir aspect of the ankle. In all injuries in soccer players, conservative treatment is primary treatment method and we treated operatively in no respond case inspite of the physical therapy and rehabilitation program for sufficient period. The anatomical repair was preferred and minimal invasive surgery was recommended if possible and then focus of treatment is to early return to previous full activities through the rehabilitation program for sufficient period. As a conclusion, it is necessory to understand the mechanism and cause of the common injuries in soccer players and to select the proper treatment method to the degree of the injuries.