• 제목/요약/키워드: Commercial soil

검색결과 452건 처리시간 0.223초

Purification and Characterization of Bioemulsifier Produced by Acinetobacter sp. BE-254

  • Kim, Soon-Han;Lee, Jae-Dong;Kim, Boo-Chul;Lee, Tae-Ho
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
    • /
    • 제6권3호
    • /
    • pp.184-188
    • /
    • 1996
  • The Acinetobacter sp. BE-254 isolated from soil sources produced a bioemulsifier in the medium supplemented with n-hexadecane. This bioemulsifier was purified by the procedures of fractionation (ammonium sulfate and chilled acetone), extraction by hexane, and column chromatography on silica gel 60. The results from various color reactions indicated that the bioemulsifier was a glycolipid. The purified emulsifier was very stable at pHs ranging from 4 to 10 and under heat treatment at $100^{\circ}C$ for 30 min. Emulsification activity was also hardly influenced by pH. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) and surface tension at the point ($\gamma_{cmc}$) of the bioemulsifier were approximately 35 mg/l and 30 mN/m, respectively. The bioemulsifier showed a fairly good emulsification activity and stability in comparison with other commercial emulsifiers in the basic formula composed of emulsifier, oil, and water.

  • PDF

비이온계 계면활성제가 미생물의 디이젤 분해에 미치는 영향 (Effects of the Presence of Nonionic surfactants on Diesel Biodegradation)

  • 이효상;정기형;김정락;이기세
    • 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 한국생물공학회 2000년도 춘계학술발표대회
    • /
    • pp.424-425
    • /
    • 2000
  • The effects of the presence of commercial non-ionic surfactants on the cell growth and diesel degradation by Pseudomonas sp. OSD were studied. Most surfactants inhibited the diesel biodegradation at high concentration(1000mg/1). However, some surfactants showed no inhibition at lower concentrations. Tween 20, Brij 58, Brij 78 were not inhibitory to the diesel biodegradation even at high concentration. These chosen surfactants has relatively high HLB values. There exists complicated relationship for diesel bioremediation between cell hydrophobicity, surfactant HLB, contaminants, an soil.

  • PDF

유류오염토양의 생물적용기술 적용타당성 검토 (Treatability Study on Oil-Contaminated Soils for Bioremediation Application)

  • 이연희;설미진;오영숙
    • 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 한국생물공학회 2001년도 추계학술발표대회
    • /
    • pp.578-581
    • /
    • 2001
  • A treatability study was conducted using a hydrocarbon-contaminated soil for the oPtimization of bioremediation strategy best fit to a given set of contamination. The applicability of nutrients, biosurfactant, and oil-degrading microorganisms were examined by monitoring $CO_2$ evolution and oil degradation The addition of inorganic nutrients in the form of slow released fertilizer accelerated the initial rate of $CO_2$ evolution by a factor of 3. The application of oil-degrading microorganisms did not significantly increased $CO_2$ evolution or biodegradation efficiency. Application of a commercial biosurfactant was most effect in terms of the total $CO_2$ evolution and the oil degradation rate. The results indicate that $CO_2$ evolution measurement was found to be a simple and reliable countermeasure of crude oil hydrocarbon mineralization for the rapid determination of the best-fit bioremediation strategy.

  • PDF

유압식 햄머다짐의 수치해석적 연구 (A Numerical Analysis of Hydraulic Hammer Compaction)

  • 박인준;박양수;김수일
    • 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 한국지반공학회 2000년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
    • /
    • pp.183-190
    • /
    • 2000
  • Effective range of Hydraulic Hammer Compaction was studied by numerical analysis instead of empirical method. Numerical analyses were carried out with commercial FEM code, ABAQUS, and verified by comparing the numerical results with field tests of Hydraulic Hammer Compaction. Most of material properties were evaluated by data from laboratory and in-situ tests. Vertical effective range was estimated by distribution curve of plastic strain energy dissipated through soil layers under dynamic load and these results were in good agreement with field tests. Based on verification, the effects of governing properties of Hydraulic Hammer Compaction such as number of hit can be determined by numerical analyses. In addition, vertical effective range can also be determined by Menard's empirical equation using the external work at converging time of plastic strain energy in numerical analysis. This implies that the minimum energy of Hydraulic Hammer Compaction for improvement can be determined by Menard's equation.

  • PDF

키토산의 분자량에 따른 PVA/Chitosan 블랜드필름의 제조와 토양분해 실험 (Pot Test and Preparation of PVA/Chitosan Blending Film Accoding to Molecular Weight of Chitosan)

  • 이기창;황성규;김종완;정덕채;김판기
    • 한국환경보건학회지
    • /
    • 제24권3호
    • /
    • pp.48-53
    • /
    • 1998
  • Chitin is known as biodegradable natural polymer. But, in spite of various application of chitin from waste marine sources, commercial use of chitin has been limited due to highly resistance to chemicals and the absense of proper solvents. We made various viscosity of chitosan from chitin by change of Mima's method through the deacetylation which is various condition of NaOH concentration, reaction time and temperature. Also, Polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan blend films were prepared by different solution blends containing the ratio of 5, 10, 15 and 20% chitosan and low, medium, high molecular weight of chitosan to find a more useful biodegradable polymer. Thermal and mechanical properties of PVA/chitosan blend films such as DSC, impact strength, tensile strength and morphological changes by SEM were determined. The 10-15% PVA/chitosan(low, medium) blend films were similar to PVA. Also, PVA/chitosan blend films at the laboratory soil test(Pot Test) were completely degraded in month with four kinds of soils by microorganisms.

  • PDF

시판 표백제가 효소배합 세제의 세척성에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Added Commercial Bleaching Agent in Detergency of Enzyme Mixed Deterging Agent)

  • 배정숙
    • 한국염색가공학회지
    • /
    • 제10권6호
    • /
    • pp.55-66
    • /
    • 1998
  • In order to investigate the detergency effects of various detergents to stained polyester & cotton fabric with solid soils such as carbon black, liquid paraffin and fat, the optimum washing conditions according to the types of washing agent, the assesment of detergency effect by the measurement of reflectance after and before washing were studied. The detergency effect of various detergents to stained polyester and cotton fabric increased by using the mixtures of bleaching and enzyme detergent. In order to obtain the excellent detergency effect, 2-step treatment, the pre-washing with bleaching agent and bleaching-enzyme mixture detergent treatment is preferred. In comparison of the detergency to polyester and cotton fabric, it is assumed that the detergency to polyester stained fabric was superior than that to cotton stained fabric because of the difference of adhesive force between soil material and fabric in preparing solid stained fabric.

  • PDF

Production of Compost Using Organic wastes

  • Lee, Jang-Hoon;Jung, Joon-Oh;Kwon, Hyuk-Ku;Nam, Youn-Ku;Yun, Jung-Won
    • 한국환경보건학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 한국환경보건학회 2005년도 국제학술대회
    • /
    • pp.406-409
    • /
    • 2005
  • Since 2003, Korean government has restricted landfill application of organic waste, which shares approximately 56% of total waste sludge from municipal and industrial wastewater treatment plants. In addition, enforcement of the ocean disposal prohibition law is effective from 2005. Organic sludge was composted for the purpose of converting to organic fertilizer. After moisture content was regulated with bulking agents aerobic treatment performed. When composting was conducted, commercial and activated microbe materials, identified from soil were seeded in sewage sludge. Carbon dioxide production was increased sharply after 24 hours. Temperature and pH of compost reached to $66.2^{\circ}C$ and 8. Heavy metals were lower than their regulatory limits, which enable it to utilize as organic fertilizer.

  • PDF

Plant-parasitic Nematodes Associated with Commercial Orchards of Passion Fruit and Adjacent Cerrado Vegetation in the Brazilian Federal District

  • Castro, Ana Paula Gomes De;Goulart, Alexandre Moura Cintra;Andrade, Ednalva Patricia De;Cares, Juvenil Enrique;Carvalho, Daniel Diego Costa
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
    • /
    • 제28권3호
    • /
    • pp.306-310
    • /
    • 2012
  • Populations of plant-parasitic nematodes were evaluated in soil and root samples from areas planted with passion fruit, or covered with adjacent native cerrado vegetation, in five different cropping regions of the Brazilian Federal District. From July 2007 to January 2008, twenty samples had been collected in five Rural Centers (N$\acute{u}$cleo Rural-NR) planted with passion fruit. In five sites, samples were also collected in native cerrado vegetation. Specimens of nine genera of plant-parasitic nematodes (Meloidogyne, Helicotylenchus, Rotylenchulus, Scutellonema, Pratylenchus, Paratylenchus, Hemicycliophora, Xiphinema and Criconemoides) were found in the present survey. Important nematode pathogens, such as Rotylenchulus reniformis and Meloidogyne spp. were observed in the passion fruit plantations throughout five major producing regions of the Brazilian Federal District.

가축분뇨 이용 및 농가 선호도에 관한 조사연구 (A Case Study on the Farm Preference and the Use of Livestock Feces)

  • 권승구;유덕기
    • 한국유기농업학회지
    • /
    • 제12권3호
    • /
    • pp.249-264
    • /
    • 2004
  • High yield arable and crop farming demands a temporally and quantitatively determined application of plant nutrients according to field and culture. The nutrients may come from commercial fertilizers or from animal wastes. Regarding the dangers to soil, water and air, which come from current agricultural application measures for nitrogen, a sectoral approach for a nonpolluting liquid manure utilization can-not be used ally longer. An integrated system approach has to be found, leading to a drastic improvement of nutrient utilization and hence to a considerably reduced nutrient use. This can be only expected, if the organic manure can be applicated at times, when losses through leaching and volatilization can be minimized.

  • PDF

교통하중에 의한 지반진동의 차단에 관한 연구 (Isolation of the Open and Infilled Trenches for the Surface-Waves Induced by the Traffic Loads)

  • 이필규;김문겸;권형오
    • 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 한국소음진동공학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회논문집
    • /
    • pp.1900-1906
    • /
    • 2000
  • In this study, the vibration screening effectiveness of barriers which can isolate structures from ground-transmitted vibration generated by harmonic forces is performed. For high frequencies, the vibration screening effectiveness of barriers is analyzed from field tests, and compared with the results from numerical analyses using a commercial program, ANSYS. Using these numerical analysis procedures, the effectiveness for vibration with various low frequencies is predicted. The frequency analysis tests of surface waves are performed in order to estimate the dynamic material properties of soil for 100 Hz, 150 Hz, 200 Hz, and 250 Hz. Three-dimensional solid elements are used in order to consider the diffraction of waves in all directions. Spring-damper combination elements are used in order to avoid the reflection of waves on the boundary. The results of numerical analysis agree with those of field tests. From the results of this numerical analyses, the reduction of vibration for low frequencies induced by the traffic loads can be predicted.

  • PDF