• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.57-62
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• 2003

An effort was made to assess comparative production performance in broiler chickens fed diets containing solvent extracted cottonseed meal (CSM) processed from BT and Parental Non-BT lines. Processed meal of national check and commercial produce cottonseeds were also used for comparison. The free gossypol contents were 0.02, 0.02, 0.44 and 0.03% in meals of BT, Parental Non-BT, national check and commercial produce cottonseeds, respectively. Day-old broiler chicks (n=243) were divided to 27 groups of 9 each. Nine dietary treatments (iso-nitrogenous, 23% CP and iso-caloric, 2,800 kcal ME/kg) were formulated viz., D1 (control, soybean meal-SBM based), D2 and D3 (BT CSM at 10% of diet with and without additional iron), D4 and D5 (non-BT CSM with and without additional iron), D6 and D7 (national check CSM with or without additional iron), and D8 and D9 (commercial produce CSM with or without additional iron at 2 ppm for every 1 ppm of free gossypol, respectively). Each dietary treatment was offered to three replicated groups up to 6 weeks of age. At the end of 6 weeks of age, 10 birds were taken out randomly from each treatment and were sacrificed to study carcass traits, organs' yield and histo-pathological changes in vital organs. The broiler chickens received CSM processed from BT (D2, 1,753 g and D3, 1,638 g) and Parental Non-BT (D4, 1,653 g and D5, 1,687 g) with or without additional Fe grew at same rate as observed in soybean meal (solvent ext.) based diet (D1, 1,676 g). The feed intake and feed conversion efficiency (feed: gain) in these dietary treatments (BT, non-BT line based diets) also did not differ significantly (p>0.05) from control diet. Similar observation was also observed in dietary treatments (D8 and D9) containing solvent extracted cottonseed meal of commercial produce origin. However, a decrease (p<0.05) in body weight gain and feed intake was observed in D6 containing national check CSM with high gossypol content. Addition of Fe in the diet (D7) improved (p<0.05) feed intake and weight gain but not to the extent as observed in diets containing BT, parental non-BT, and commercial produce CSM or control. However, any type of CSM did not affect feed conversion efficiency when fed with or without additional iron. The carcass characteristics in terms of dressing percentage, liver weight and heart weight was not significantly (p>0.05) different between the treatments. The eviscerated yields emanated from diets containing either BT, non-BT or commercial produce were statistically similar to control. However, eviscerated yield of broilers fed national check CSM with or without iron supplementation was lower (p<0.05) than BT cotton with Fe supplementation and commercial produce CSM. The study envisaged that BT, parental non-BT and commercial produce solvent extracted cottonseed meal can be included at 10% in soybean meal based broiler diet replacing soybean meal and rice bran without additional iron.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.195-211
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• 2004

The innovation of information and communication technology has brought the emergence of the digital economy in which the growing importance of the Internet for the production and consumption of information has caused a rapid increase of commercial domains. Domains are basic form of Internet address for the delivery of information, but the location of registered commercial domains is not free from a spatial context. Utilizing a database of commercial domain registrations, spatial statistical methods and GIS, the spatial dimensions of the commercial domains are explored for the city of Seoul. Through this research, it was found that the commercial domains were unevenly distributed, namely 44% of commercial domains are located at 3 Gus in Seoul. The locations of commercial domains by themselves represented a strong spatial autocorrelation among adjacent places. In order to identify factors affecting spatial variation in the development of the commercial domains among Dongs, a conditional spatial autoregressive model which effectively eliminates a spatial autocorrelation was used. As a result of this research, it is clearly shown that the selective location of firms having commercial domains and their role in economic activities are influencing the spatial structure of urban with dynamic mix of spatial characteristic.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.23 no.10
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• pp.1369-1379
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• 2010

This study investigated purification and milk-clotting activity of the enzymes produced by Bacillus subtilis var, natto and Rhizopus oligosporus compared with that of commercial rennet. The clotting time, viscosity, tension and microstructure of the curd and electrophoretic patterns of milk proteins were determined. The milk-clotting activity/proteolytic activity ratios (MCA/PA ratio) of B. subtilis, R. oligosporus and commercial rennet were also compared. The results revealed that the curd formed by the commercial rennet had the highest viscosity and curd tension and the shortest clotting time among the three enzymes. However, curd produced by Rhizopus enzymes was ranked as second. From the MCA/PA ratio and electrophoretogram analyses it could be concluded that the enzyme produced by B. subtilis had the highest proteolytic activity, while the commercial rennet had the highest milk-clotting activity. Observations of microstructures of SEM showed that the three-dimensional network for curd formed by commercial rennet was denser, firmer and more smooth. The milk-clotting activity, specific activity, purification ratio and recovery of the purified enzymes produced by both the tested organisms were also determined with ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.115-127
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to validate the evaluation of stock, which has relation with self-esteem and career for the development of commercial stock. This study conducted a survey of purchasing attitudes & receptiveness in order to hold an accurate course for developing stock. According to the analysis, the results are as follows. It examined the cuisiniers of deluxe hotels who mainly use stock of Seoul and the capital region. A total of 350 samples were distributed and 289 samples were selected for the research. Statistical analysis of collected data executed frequency, percentage, average, reliability analysis, factor analysis using SPSSWIN 12.0 PC package programs. Making stock, cooking skills, cooking methods, quality of food ingredients and cooking recipes are important. Also, sensory characteristics such as color, odor, and taste should be considered. Career and self-esteem act on the purchase accommodation attitude of commercial stock. Commercial stock products more than 1,000 mL or 2,000 mL of liquid styles need packing of vacuum pack(vinyl). Based on the result of this study, we will make efficient use of research data for the development of commercial stock products and we will be able to improve conservation of taste with good quality by making by hand through standardization and mass production of traditional culinary skills.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers B
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.116-121
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• 2006

This paper presents an effective modeling and simulation scheme of solar-powered hydrogen production system (PV-SPE: Photovoltaic Solid Polymer Electrolyte). Existing Hydrogen production technologies can produce vast amounts of hydrogen from hydrocarbons but emit large amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere. Advanced hydrogen production methods need development. Renewable technologies such as solar and wind need further development for hydrogen production to be more cost-competitive from other resources. In this paper, authors have focused on a renewable technology to move one step further toward commercial readiness of solar-powered hydrogen production system. Software (PSCAD/EMTDC) based model of PV-SPE system is studied for an effective simulation of hydrogen production system. Using the simulation results, an actual PV-SPE system is implemented to verify the simulation results by comparing them with actual values obtained from the data acquisition system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.231-238
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• 2003

An experimental study was performed to improve a domestic hot water boiler with a coil type heat exchanger. By using Korean Standard B 8107, B 8021 and B 6205, the boiler efficiency for heating, bathing and combution are calculated. Finally, the efficiency of the boiler are compared with those of the commercial production. On the whole, the performance of the hot water generator is higher than that of the other generator.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1992.10b
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• pp.130-134
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• 1992

The ability of a robot system to comply to an environment via the control of tool-environment interaction force is of vital for the successful task accomplishment in many robot application. This paper presents the implementation of external force control for two dimensional contour following task using a commercial robot system. Force accommodation is used since a constraint imposed in our work is not to modify the commercial robot system. A linear, decoupled model of two dimensional contour following system in the discrete time domain is derived first. Then the experimental verification of linear control is obtained using a PUMA 560 manipulator with standard Unimation controller, Astek FS6-120A six axis wrist force sensor attached externally to the arm and LSI-11173 microcomputer. Experimentally obtained data shows that the RMS contact force error is 0.8246 N when following the straight edge and 2.3768 N when following 40 mm radius curved contour.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.81-86
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• 2013

Since there are many kinds of non-ferrous metal, it is difficult to investigate the current status on the recycling of all the non-ferrous metals. Therefore, the survey is confined to some commercially important non-ferrous metals such as copper, aluminum, zinc, lead, nickel and magnesium in this article. Domestic demand and production of these non-ferrous metals in recent years(2010-2012) and recycling ratio of the scraps are estimated briefly here.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.77-83
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• 2007

This study was carried out to examine the optimum culture condition for the production of cellulose from Saprolegnia ferax and its physical characteristics. Conclusions obtained from the results of this study were as follows: In producing the cellulose from S. ferex, optimal pH and temperature were 7.0 and $26{\sim}30^{\circ}C$ with a maximum of $26^{\circ}C$, respectively. And, optimal culture period was 11days. WHC and OHC of biocellulose were 3.2(25.04 g/g) times and 3.5(25.75 g/g) times higher than those of commercial ${\alpha}-cellulose$(7.57, 7.25 g/g) respectively. The viscosity of biocellulose is lower than that of commercial ${\alpha}-cellulose$. And the effect of rpm on the viscosity of biocellulose was more than on the that of ${\alpha}-cellulose$.

• Food Science and Industry
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.29-35
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• 2012

Japanese apricot (Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc.) is the national symbol and was once the most important temperate fruit crop in Taiwan. Fruiting cultivars were originally introduced from southern China but commercial production was not significant until the 1970s. Currently 6,400 ha of Japanese apricot orchards distribute on shallow mountain hills in the central and the southern part of the island. Taiwanese commercial fruiting cultivars are plausibly chance seedlings or sports from the early introduction and are very low chilling required for budbreak. Ornamental cultivars have been mainly introduced from Japan but cultivations have been limited in high altitude area due to their high chilling requirement. In 2009, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute's breeding program released the first low chill ornamental cultivar 'Tainung No.2' with a great ornamental potential in subtropical regions. Cultivation and production of Japanese apricot fruit in Taiwan continue to dwindle due to the declining Japanese market share. Ongoing industry transformation to increase domestic consumption and consumer's interest will sustain the future of Japanese apricot in Taiwan.