• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.71-80
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• 2020

발사체 분석을 위한 CFD 소프트웨어인 LVAFoam을 개발하기 앞서 발사체의 연소기, 터보 펌프 및 외부유동의 시뮬레이션에 사용된 해외의 인하우스 CFD 소프트웨어 및 상용 CFD 소프트웨어에 대한 조사를 수행하였다. 인하우스 소프트웨어로는 NASA, 미시시피 주립대학, DLR, Bertin Technologies & CNES, CERFACS 및 JAXA의 솔버들과, 상용 소프트웨어로는 FLUENT, CFX, Adavance/FrontFlow/red, GASP, CRUNCH CFD, CFD-ACE+, FINE^TM/Turbo, STAR-CCM+ 의 솔버들을 정리하였다. 발사체 분석을 위한 각 소프트웨어의 계산 사례가 제시되었으며, 개발된 LVAFoam이 간략하게 소개되었다.

• 급식외식위생학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2023

This study was conducted to evaluate the chemical hazards of 74 kinds of commercial anchovy fish sauce in Korea by measuring their biogenic amine content. The biogenic amines detected in commercial anchovy fish sauce were tryptamine, putrescine, cadaverine, tyramine, spermidine, spermine, and histamine. Among them, histamine content was the highest with an average of 1,439.62±812.62 mg/kg. Excessive intake of histamine could result in chemical food poisoning characterized by high blood pressure, headache, and diarrhea. Accordingly, by simulating histamine exposure (repetition=10,000 times) based on the daily intake of 0.969 g of domestic anchovy fish sauce, we found that the estimated average histamine exposure was 24.49±55.48 ㎍/kg bw/day and that the margins of exposure (MOE) value were 139.18 at 1% and 66,141.07 at 95% of 10,000 simulations (9,500 times). As such, it was confirmed that 9,500 out of 10,000 simulations of MOE analysis significantly exceeded MOE 10. Therefore, the risk of exposure to histamine from ingestion of commercial anchovy fish sauce is approximately very low.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권18호
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• pp.7611-7615
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• 2014

Aims: To prepare 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) nanoparticles with higher encapsulation efficiency and drug loading, and then investigate interaction with the SGC-7901 gastric cancer cell line. Materials and Methods: Prescription was optimized by orthogonal experiments, the encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity were tested by high-performance liquid chromatography, and inhibition of proliferation by 5-Fu nanoparticles and 5-Fu given to cells for 24, 48 and 72 hours was investigated by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay (MTT). In addition, 5-Fu nanoparticles were labeled by fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), and absorption into cells was tested by flow cytometry. Results: The optimal conditions for preparation were concentrations of 5-Fu of 5mg/ml, of $CaCl_2$ of 60 mg/ml and of chitosan of 2 mg/ml. With a stirring speed of 1200rpm, encapsulation efficiency of 5-Fu nanoparticles was $55.4{\pm}1.10%$ and loading capacity was $4.22{\pm}0.14%$; gastric cancer cells were significantly inhibited by 5-Fu nanoparticles in a time and concentration dependent manner, and compared to 5-Fu with slower drug release, in a certain concentration range, inhibition with 5-Fu nanoparticles was stronger. 5-Fu nanoparticles were absorbed by the cells in line with the concentration. Conclusions: 5-Fu nanoparticles can inhibit growth of gastric cancer cells in vitro to a greater extent than with 5-Fu with good adsorption characteristics, supporting feasibility as a carrier.

• 무역학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.147-166
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• 2020

As the volume of trade between Korea and Vietnam increases, the number and amount of commercial disputes between Korean and Vietnamese companies are increasing. In the case of Vietnam, due to differences in the arbitration system and norms due to the socialist state system, foreign companies lack confidence in the settlement of disputes through commercial arbitration in Vietnam. At this point, it is necessary to not only discuss commercial disputes and settlements, but also to closely review and understand Vietnam's commercial dispute settlement system. Therefore, this study examines the current status and characteristics of Vietnam's commercial disputes and analyzes the actual problems of Vietnam Commercial Arbitration System that arise through the arbitral award of the Vietnam International Arbitration Center (VIAC), Vietnam's representative arbitration agency, and precedents on the recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitration awards in Vietnamese courts. In the end, this study seeks to revitalize the Vietnam Commercial Arbitration so that each disputed party may quickly deal with the commercial disputes, and seeks a more smooth solution through commercial arbitration in future trade claims between Korean and Vietnamese companies.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.386-392
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• 1999

A large-scale culture of hepatitis A virus in human diploid MRC-5 cells was conducted. In a roller bottle culture, the virus was grown to a maximum titer in 3 weeks after infection. Over 95％ of the cell-associated virus was excreted after culturing the infected cells in suspension media without fetal bovine serum for 3 days. The cultured virus was inactivated with formalin, concentrated by ultrafiltration, and partially purified by ultracentrifugation in a non-ionic gradient medium of Renocal. Two separate peak fractions showing high anti-HAY ELISA titer were pooled and about 40％ of HAV antigen was recovered by this purification procedure. Of the partially purified vaccine, the protein pattern in SDS-PAGE and immunogenicity in mice were compared with a commercial HAV vaccine. In SDS-PAGE, the purified vaccine in this study and the commercial vaccine showed almost the same protein pattern. The seroconversion rate of the purified vaccine in mice was not different from that of the commercial vaccine. Therefore, we could prepare a good grade of HAV vaccine by a simple purification procedure although the purification itself was not completed.

• Plant Biotechnology Reports
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.87-93
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• 2009

To determine whether pattern recognition based on metabolite fingerprinting for whole cell extracts can be used to discriminate cultivars metabolically, leaves and fruits of five commercial strawberry cultivars were subjected to Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. FT-IR spectral data from leaves were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) and Fisher's linear discriminant function analysis. The dendrogram based on hierarchical clustering analysis of these spectral data separated the five commercial cultivars into two major groups with originality. The first group consisted of Korean cultivars including 'Maehyang', 'Seolhyang', and 'Gumhyang', whereas in the second group, 'Ryukbo' clustered with 'Janghee', both Japanese cultivars. The results from analysis of fruits were the same as of leaves. We therefore conclude that the hierarchical dendrogram based on PCA of FT-IR data from leaves represents the most probable chemotaxonomical relationship between cultivars, enabling discrimination of cultivars in a rapid and simple manner.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.250-255
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• 2011

The basic properties and electrical characteristics of sputtering films deposited with a commercial cast target and Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) were compared and analyzed. From the results, the Cu film prepared heating $60^{\circ}C/min$ (SPS process) showed a similar specific resistance compared to the commercial cast Cu film. Also, auording to the results of XRD, SIMS, and TEM. There was not much difference in the crystal structure and impurities between the two films. Consequently, the SPS Cu target was found to have quite similar properties with the commercial one and it is expected to be applied in futare research to the metal wiring material for semiconductor/display devices.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.80-86
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• 2002

Ginseng is a perennial herb widely used in China, Japan, and Korea. It is also one of the most commonly used herbal medicines in the U.S. Although it is generally considered safe to use, adverse effects associated with ginseng use have been reported. Inappropriate ginseng use, such as high dose administration, may cause insomnia, headaches, diarrhea, as well as cardiovascular and endocrine disorders. Other factors that may contribute to adverse effects of ginseng include the variety of ginseng species, variability in commercial ginseng preparations, and potential ginseng-drug interactions. To minimize adverse effects of ginseng, consumers should be advised to use it appropriately, and the herbal industry should try to provide standardized ginseng preparations.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.109-120
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• 2022

Purpose: We would like to identify the appropriate size of stores in the commercial district suitable for the era of low growth. In addition, it is intended to present alternatives to prevent gentrification along with measures to revitalize commercial districts according to the selection of appropriate stores. Research design, data and methodology: The importance and commercial district usage patterns were identified through surveys by consumers and sellers. the demand and size of the commercial area were calculated based on the floating population and resident registration population. In addition, based on this, through metric analysis, the importance of the business district activation plan and what important matters can prevent gentrification were analyzed. Result: In this the study, 555 stores are currently operating in the target area, but it is seen as a commercial district with a scale that can operate 136 stores and 938 stores. In addition, it was analyzed that the Commercial Lease Protection Act needs to be strengthened to prevent gentrification. Conclusions: Due to the nature of small and medium-sized cities in Korea, commercial districts that have once lost their resilience must take much effort to find vitality. It is believed that local commercial districts will have resilience when diagnosis and recovery measures are adequately presented.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.5192-5198
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• 2013

본 연구는 구도심 상업가로를 활성화함에 있어서 사용자 집단들 간에 의견 차이가 있는지를 알아보는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 김해시 구도심 상업가로의 사용자인 상인, 내국인 방문객 그리고 외국인 방문객을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 통계적 유의성을 검토하기 위하여 카이제곱검정을 실시하였다. 연구 결과 가로의 현황과 개선방향에 대하여 세 집단 사이에 의견 차이가 있음이 확인 되었다. 그러므로 상업가로의 활성화를 추진함에 있어서 상인들의 의견만 반영하기보다는 활성화에 필수적인 방문객들의 의견도 다양한 방법으로 반영할 필요가 있으며, 여기서 나타난 인식차이는 조정과 합의를 통하여 사업을 진행하여야 할 것이다. 본 연구는 향후 다른 상업가로 활성화 계획 수립 시 참고자료로 활용 될 수 있기를 기대한다.