• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.407-412
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• 2008

Purpose: Hydrofluoric acid(HF) is one of the most dangerous mineral acids with the dissociated fluoride ions. The initial corrosive burn is caused by free hydrogen ion, and the second and more severe burn is caused by penetration of fluoride ions into subcutaneous tissues. Silver is a cation producing dressing, an effective antimicrobial agent, but older silver-containing formulations are rapidly inactivated by wound environment, requiring frequent replenishment. But, $Acticoat^{(R)}$ is a relatively new form of silver dressing which helps avoid the problems of earlier agents. The aim of this study is to evaluate effects of $Acticoat^{(R)}$, silver-containing dressing on the treatment for HF injury wound. Methods: From september 2006 to september 2007, the study was carried out with 10 patients who had HF partial thickness burns. $Acticoat^{(R)}$ dressing and 10% calcium gluconate wet gauze dressings in 10 cases. As a principle, in the emergency treatment, partial or complete removal of the nail and early bullectomy along with copious washing with normal saline was done, depending on the degree of HF invasion of the wound. Wound was dressed with $Acticoat^{(R)}$ and 10% calcium gluconate solution. The effect of dressing was investgated by serial bacterial culture and wound exudates assessment. Results: We therefore reviewed 10 cases of HF-induced chemical burns and treatment principle. The 10 cases who came to the hospital nearly immediately after the injury healed completely without sequelae. Conclusion: As the industrial sector develops, the use of HF is increasing more and more, leading to increased incidences of HF-induced chemical burns. The education of patients regarding this subject should be empathized accordingly. In conclusion, $Acticoat^{(R)}$ dressing is a better choice for HF partial thickness burn injuries because of shorter healing time, less pain and more comfortable dressing.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.115-122
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• 2015

PURPOSES: Recently, many local governments have applied chicanes for traffic calming to ensure environment-friendly comfortable and safe roads. However, the geometry of a chicane is designed for speed reduction using a curved portion. This study aims to improve the road geometry conditions of chicanes for reducing carbon emissions and maintaining appropriate driving speeds by considering the relationship between road geometry and carbon emissions. METHODS: This study was conducted as follows. First, carbon emissions corresponding to changing acceleration of vehicles were studied. Second, vehicle acceleration caused by the relationship between the curve radius and the straight length was studied. Accordingly, desirable conditions of curve radius and length of the straight section for reducing carbon emissions were proposed. RESULTS: The existing literature on chicanes present the minimum value of stagger length and path angle in the primary variable condition. This study suggests the maximum values of the curve radius and length of straight section in the primary variable condition. Therefore, if a vehicle's speed at a chicane is 30 km/h, this study suggests a curve radius of up to 24 m. In addition, if the vehicle's speed is 24 km/h, this study suggests a length of straight section of up to 6.6 m. These are the geometric conditions for considering the control of acceleration to the vehicle's maximum speed. CONCLUSIONS: This paper proposes an application of geometric conditions to reduce carbon emissions and maintain appropriate speeds of vehicles through a combination of curve radius and length of straight section.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.1084-1091
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• 2005

The indoor noise limit for road traffic noises is needed to secure comfortable acoustical quality in apartment houses. To achieve this goal, psycho-acoustic experiments were carried out with road traffic noise sources modulated by the transmission loss characteristics of the external windows. Finally, a correlation analysis between noise rating index and subjective responses, and an analysis of satisfactory percentage of the dose-response curves varied with respondents was conducted. As a result of this study, followings are suggested. (1) On correlation between dose level and psycho-acoustical response, the initial level of negative feeling is located on $40.1\~40.6\;L_{eq}$ dB(A), (2) On the degree of satisfaction to road traffic noise. near $35\;\%$ point being same dissatisfaction degree is to be assumed $40\~41$ dB(A) of indoor noise level presented into three vocabulary. It is suggested to be reasonable level of 40 dB(A) on the indoor noise limits for intruding road traffic noise. and it is appropriate to be the 5 dB level difference between grades. The results of this study may be used to evaluate the acoustic threshold level for road traffic noise or as a basis for specifying the desired acoustic environment of dwellings.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.152-163
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• 1990

The purpose of this study is to experimentally analyze the relationship between structural characteristics of cotton fabrics and their cool-and-warm felling in order to develop more comfortable fabrics. Comfort in textile products has been emphasized as consumers preferred performance to fashion of clothing. Thermal comfort of clothing is a basic parameter of the comfort sensation which is usually represented by the cool-and-warm feeling felt by human skin. Cloo-and-warm feeling is perceived by the heat flux which transfers heat energy stored in an object to skin. We feel warm (cool) if the temperature of nerve extremity in skin ascends (descends). As cool-and-warm feeling determines the comfort sensation of clothing, it is important to develop new comfort fabrics. Although considerable works have been made on the body, clothing, and environment, there has been no research study on the structural characteristics of fabrics and their cool and warm feeling. Cool-and-warm feeling is closely related to the transient heat transfer property. This research study used the cotton fabrics manufactured in Korea as sample and measured $q_{max}$ value with thermal property measuring instrument (Thermo-Labo II type). $q_{max}$ values estimated by polynomial regression equation were compared with those observed in this study. This study also identified the structural parameters of cotton fabrics for a specific range of $q_{max}$ values. The findings of this study can be summarized as follows: 1) As the thickness, porosity and air permeability of cotton fabrics increase, $q_{max}$ value decreases. 2) As the fabric count and over factor of cotton fabrics increase, $q_{max}$ value also increases. 3) $q_{max}$ values have been estimated by simple and polynomial regression equations developed in this study. Regression curves which have been plotted by polynomial regression equations also provided with the range of structural parameters for a specific range of $q_{max}$ values of cotton fabrics. This study would be significant in that it has identified the structural Parameters for the cool-and-warm feeling of cotton fabric at $65\%$ relative humidity.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.134-142
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• 2003

FRP 소형 선박의 선내소음의 원인을 규명하고 이들에 대한 합리적인 허용기준 설정 및 저소음화 설계를 위해 FRP 4~11톤급 신조 소형 선박을 대상으로 시운전시에 선내소음을 측정하여 소형 선박의 선내 소음특성 및 소음과 진동과의 상관관계를 검토, 분석하고, 이들에 대해 IMO와 DNV의 허용기준상의 적합도를 비교한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 소형 선박의 선내 소음 최대 레벨 범위는 79~115$dB$(A)로 나타났다. 또한, IMO 및 DNV 규제치와 비교에서 주기관실 소음은 비슷하게 나타났으며, 상부, 하부 거주실의 소음은 각각 5~19$dB$(A), 18~22$dB$(A) 높고, 조타실의 소음은 14$dB$(A) 높았으며, 동형선 E와 G선의 소음비교에서 선박의 크기, 마력이 비슷함에도 불구하고 E선 주기관이 G선의 주기관보다 진동 및 소음이 제작당시부터 높은 것으로 판단되었다. 한편 소음원 규명을 위한 진동과의 상관관계에서 주기관실, 상부 거주실, 하부 거주실, 조타실, 연통상부 모두 3차수가 우세하게 나타났으며, 3차수가 각 선내소음을 일으키는 주원인으로 판단된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.2385-2390
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• 2015

도시철도의 운행초기는 수송수단으로서의 역할만이 요구되었으나 지하 승강장에 체류하는 시간이 길어짐에 따라 지하 승강장은 하나의 생활공간으로서 환경개선이라는 문제에 직면하게 되었다. 이에 따라 스크린 도어의 근간이 되는 슬라이딩 자동문은 고객의 편의와 출입을 통제하는 방법의 편리성을 이유로 대형 유통매장, 병원, 음식점, 관공서 등에 도어시설로 광범위하게 사용되고 있다. 이에 따라 스크린 도어는 승객의 편의와 안전 확보, 쾌적한 역사 조성 및 에너지 절약이 필요할 뿐만 아니라, 요소부품의 설계 및 신뢰성 확보를 통한 스크린 도어 시스템 최적설계기술개발이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 스크린 도어의 신뢰성 확보를 위해 롤러, 프레임 시스템을 모델링하고 구동강성 조건들에 대한 실험결과를 검증하여 요소부품의 불량률을 줄이고, 성능을 높일 수 있음을 제시하고자한다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.687-697
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• 2017

To figure out an appropriate pressure level for a body warming base layer, human responses were observed when the pattern reduction of base layers varied. Under the condition of $2^{\circ}C$, 60% RH, 0.1m/s, ten male subjects participated in the experiment with four sizes of experimental vests where heating pads were attached. The subjective evaluations of the heating vests with different sizes were reported using 7 or 9 point scales. We simultaneously observed chest, abdomen and scapula skin temperatures and microclimate humidity. It was found that the tight pattern as in the case of A or B provided a warmer subjective sensation and skin temperature than C or D; however, there were no differences in skin temperature at the chest. Eventually, the chest temperature decreased after about 30 mins of heating; however, temperature of abdomen increased and indicated that heating with two commercial pads used was inadequate for whole body warming. The pressure sensation of 'tight' was improved after warming the abdomen in a cold environment. Overall, the gaps beyond the original circumference of the abdomen, as in C or D, were not desirable for the local heating of abdomen under the conditions of this experiment where walking was included in the protocol. The experiment garment B with nude waist circumference was the best, and D with the largest ease, was the worst for a comfortable warming vest.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제43권1호통권428호
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• pp.41-52
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• 2005

Information Technology has extended its scope to the medical field as well as dental field. Like medical field, network ststem for dental field requires acquisition, storage, and display of images. However, unlike the medical field, the system to integrate several information including medical images has not been developed according to industrial standard for management of digital image for medical use, so called DICOM conformance. which makes the digital environment in dental field more and more difficult and expensive for this standardization and comfortable communication in LAN and WAN. To solve this problem, the DICOM encoder and server has to be developed because the DICOM file can be easily retrieved with patient's information from the DICOM server in the system as DICOM file has the standard specification to integrate the patient's information. The information including image and other discrete data can be easily integrated in DICOM file and can be used without any difficulty for precise diagnosis and for contribution to the decision making for each treatment protocol. Therefore, the system composed of DICOM encoder and server in dental practive for DICOM file must be developed with prudent consideration of the several strategic factors: I) Enhanced diagnostic capability through the integrated information of image and clinical data. ii) Clinician-friendly interface to simulate the systemic treatment procedure in clinical practice iii) Implementation of multidisciplinary treatment protocol The development of DICOM encoder and server based on these strategic considerations will provide paperless and filmless hospital environments by the seamless integration and management of patient's history, several clinical data and clinical images through image processing for quantitative analysis. The system also allows clinicians to provide more predictable dental care for the patients.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제14권8호
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• pp.223-232
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 새로운 교사도우미 로봇에 초점을 맞추어 클라우드 기반의 교육서비스 모델을 연구하여 서버영역에 적용하고, 클라이언트 영역에서는 교사도우미 로봇을 초등학교 교실환경에 적용하여 어학교육 서비스 플랫폼으로 활용하고자 한다. 새로운 사물인터넷(IoT)기술 접목을 통해 쾌적한 스마트 교실환경을 만들고 다양한 미디어에 대한 인터페이스를 지원하도록 한다. 이러한 목적의 달성을 위해 광범위한 선행연구와 사례분석을 통해서 서비스 모델구축에 필요한 기본적인 요구조건을 정리하였다. 임베디드 기반의 영상인식, 음성인식, 자율주행은 물론 디스플레이, 터치스크린, IR센서, GPS, 온습도 센서에 대한 기술을 광범위하게 적용하여 서비스를 완성하도록 한다. 본 연구결과의 가장 핵심적인 시사점은 클라우드 기술을 활용한 최적화된 플랫폼에 로봇러닝 및 IoT, BIM기술 융합을 통한 지능형로봇기반의 스마트 교실구축 가능성 제시에 있다고 본다.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.117-127
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• 2000

평균수명의 증가와 생활수준의 향상으로 인해 경제적 여유가 있는 노인층에서는 자신의 경제력을 이용하여 적정한 비용을 지불하더라도 안락하고 수준 높은 서비스를 받으려는 경향이 뚜렷해지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 요구에 부응하여 전주시 외곽지역을 대상으로 하여 전원 휴양형 실버타운의 개발시 합리적이고 쾌적한 주거환경을 갖게 하는데 중점을 두어 그 적지를 선정하였다. 적지선정의 방법으로는 인공신경망이론의 학습을 통하여 각 셀에 각각의 등급 값을 부여함으로써 유연성 있는 의사결정으로 개선하였으며 또한, 지형공간정보 시스템에서 기존에 사용하던 적지 선정 방법인 부울논리의 중첩기법과 비교 분석함으로써 부울논리에 의한 정보의 손실과 인공신경망을 이용한 적지선정 방법의 타당성을 입증하였다.