• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.637-645
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• 2020

In this paper, entransy analysis is carried out for combined heat and power (CHP) generation system driven by low-grade heat source compared with energy and exergy analyses. The system consists of a regenerative organic rankine cycle (ORC) and an additional process heater in a series circuit. Special attention is paid to the effects of the turbine inlet pressure, source temperature, and the working fluid on the thermodynamic performance of the system. Results showed that the work efficiency of entransy is higher than that of energy but lower than that of exergy, wheress the process heat efficiency of entransy is lower than that of energy but higher than that of exergy. Entrance analysis showed the potential to complement the exergy analysis in the optimal design of the energy system.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.77-85
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• 2021

In this paper, entransy analysis is carried out for combined heat and power (CHP) generation system driven by low-grade heat source compared with energy and exergy analyses. The system consists of an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) and an additional process heater in a parallel circuit. Special attention is paid to the effects of the source temperature, turbine inlet pressure, and the working fluid on the thermodynamic performance of the system. Results showed that the work efficiency of entransy is higher than that of energy but lower than that of exergy, wheress the process heat efficiency of entransy is lower than that of energy but higher than that of exergy. Entrancy analysis showed the potential to complement the exergy analysis in the optimal design of the energy system.

• Advances in Energy Research
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.29-45
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• 2016

There has been a growing interest in the recent time for the development of solar power tower plants, which are mainly used for utility scale power generation. Combined heat and power (CHP) is an efficient and clean approach to generate electric power and useful thermal energy from a single heat source. The waste heat from the topping Brayton cycle is utilized in the bottoming HRSG cycle for driving steam turbine and also to produce process steam so that efficiency of the cycle is increased. A thermal storage system is likely to add greater reliability to such plants, providing power even during non-peak sunshine hours. This paper presents a conceptual configuration of a solar power tower combined heat and power plant with a topping air Brayton cycle. A simple downstream Rankine cycle with a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) and a process heater have been considered for integration with the solar Brayton cycle. The conventional GT combustion chamber is replaced with a solar receiver. The combined cycle has been analyzed using energy as well as exergy methods for a range of pressure ratio across the GT block. From the thermodynamic analysis, it is found that such an integrated system would give a maximum total power (2.37 MW) at a much lower pressure ratio (5) with an overall efficiency exceeding 27%. The solar receiver and heliostats are the main components responsible for exergy destruction. However, exergetic performance of the components is found to improve at higher pressure ratio of the GT block.

• 플랜트 저널
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.26-32
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• 2020

화력발전소에서 장치 이상이나 열화로 인해 발전효율이 저하될 때 운전자가 이를 감지하고 적시에 조처를 취할 수 있도록 지원하는 성능관리시스템은 무엇보다도 발전효율을 정확하게 예측하는 것이 중요하다. 공정용 증기 또는 난방용열(이하 공정용 증기로 단일화 표기)과 전기를 동시에 생산하는 열병합발전에 대해 지금까지 다수의 발전효율 모델들이 제안되었는데, 대부분 공정용 증기의 가치를 제대로 평가하지 못해 발전효율을 정확하게 예측하지 못했다. 본 연구에서는 발전효율 예측 모델의 계수를 조업 데이터를 통해 결정하고, 공정용 증기의 전기 환산효율(ECE, Electricity Conversion Efficiency) 모델을 적용함으로써 공정용 증기의 가치를 정확하게 평가할 수 있도록 하였다. 본 방법을 열병합발전의 설계 데이터에 적용하여 발전부하에 대한 발전효율의 추세선을 구한 결과 R2가 99.91%로 회귀 수준이 매우 높았다. 본 결과로부터 조업 데이터를 이용한 ECE 모델 계수 결정 방법이 발전효율을 정확하게 예측하여 열병합발전에 대한 성능 모니터링에 적합함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.557-579
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• 2021

집단에너지는 에너지전환의 중간단계이자, 분산전원으로서 전력구조에 미치는 영향이 크다. 하지만 최근 일부 집단에너지사업자의 수익성 악화로 인해 집단에너지사업의 문제가 대두되고 있다. 본 연구는 우리나라 집단에너지사업자의 기술적 생산효율성 추정을 통해, 주요 사업자의 기술적 생산효율성을 측정하였으며 이를 바탕으로 사업자의 수익구조 개선방안을 살펴보았다. 16개 집단에너지사업자의 2016~19년 세부 재무 및 생산 자료를 수집한 후, 패널 확률 프론티어모형을 이용하여 사업자들의 기술적 생산효율성을 추정하였다. 추정 결과, 증기공급병행, 대형 전기중심, 소규모 구역전기, 역송CHP 사업자 순으로 생산효율성이 높음을 확인하였다. 더 나아가 수익성 영향요인에 대해 살펴본 결과, 기술적 생산효율성은 전반적으로 수익성과 양(+)의 영향 관계를 가지나, 소규모 구역전기사업자와 같이 열 생산 비중이 높은 사업자는 수익성이 악화됨을 확인하였다. 이는 현재 열 판매 시장의 구조적 한계로 인한 현상이며, 수익성 개선을 위해서는 열 판매단가에 대한 조정이 필요함을 확인하였다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.754-760
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• 2010

This study was carried out not only to evaluate optimal operating condition to increase biogas production, but also to estimate feasibility of renewable energy from anaerobic digester of sewage sludge. Semi- continuous Fed and Mixed Reactors (SCFMRs) were operated in various condition to quantify the reactor variables. The result of SCFMR operation showed that the biogas productivity and total volatile solids (TVS) removal of total solids (TS) 4% reactor at hydraulic retention time (HRT) 20 days with Organic Loading Rate (OLR) of $1.45kg/m^3-d$ were $0.39m^3/m^3-d$ and 26.7%, respectively which was two times higher than that of TS 2.5% reactor. Consequently the daily biogas production of $20,000m^3$ would be possible from the total volume of $52,000m^3$ of anaerobic digesters of the municipal wastewater treatment plant in D city. In feasibility study for the Biogas utilization, combined heat and power system (CHP) and CNG gasification were examined. In case of CHP, the withdrawal period of capital cost for gas-engine (GE) and micro gas-turbine (MGT) were 7.7 years and 9.1 years respectively. biogas utilization as Clean Natural Gas (CNG) shows lower capital cost and higher profit than that of CHP system. CNG gasificaion after biogas purification is likely the best alternative for Biogas utilization which have more economic potential than CHP system. The withdrawal period of capital cost appeared to be 2.3 years.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.369-371
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• 2008

Environmental issue is one of the key factors to industry area using fossil fuels, because it accelerates the global warming. So it is supposed to reduce greenhouse gases around the developed nations of the world at times go. This issue is especially for the power industry. Under this background, CHP system that consists of Distributed Energy Resources (DER) system, such as natural power system (wind, solar) and fuel-cell, co-generation, also known as CHP (Combined heat and power), has been developed greatly during the last 10 years. This paper adopts optimal model using GAMS to develop methods for conducting an integrated assessment of MicroGrid system.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제62권11호
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• pp.1610-1616
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• 2013

Recently, district heating and cooling (DHC) systems based on combined cycle generation (CCG) providers are increasing in Korea. Since characteristics of combined heat and power (CHP) generators and heat demands of providers, heat trading between DHC providers based on the economic viewpoint is required; the heat trading has been doing. In this paper, a mathematical model for optimal operation based on heat trading between DHC providers is proposed. Especially, start-up characteristic of CCG is included. The operation model is established by mixed integer linear programming (MILP).

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.57-62
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• 2010

MW-class gas turbines are suitable for distributed generation systems such as community energy systems(CES). Recently, biogas is acknowledged as an alternative energy source, and its use in gas turbines is expected to increase. Steam injection is an effective way to improve performance of gas turbines. This study intended to examine the influence of injecting steam and using biogas as the fuel on the operation and performance a gas turbine combined heat and power (CHP) system. A commercial gas turbine of 6 MW class was used for this study. The primary concern of this study is a comparative analysis of system performance in a wide biogas composition range. In addition, the effect of steam temperature and injected steam rate on gas turbine and CHP performance was investigated.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.18-24
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• 2012

This study simulated the operation of a steam injected gas turbine combined heat and power (CHP) system. A full off-design analysis was carried out to examine the change in the turbine blade temperature caused by steam injection. The prediction of turbine blade temperature was performed for the operating modes suggested in the previous study where the limitation of compressor surge margin reduction was analyzed in the steam injected gas turbine. It was found that both the fully injected and partially injected operations suggested in the previous study would cause the blade temperature to exceed that of the pure CHP operation and the under-firing operation would provide too low blade temperature. An optimal operation was proposed where both the turbine inlet temperature and the injection amount were modulated to keep both the reference turbine blade temperature and the minimum compressor surge margin. The modulation was intended to maintain a stable compressor operation and turbine life. It was shown that the optimal operation would provide a larger power output than the under-firing operation and a higher efficiency than the original partially injected operation.