• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.39 no.1
• /
• pp.138-145
• /
• 2010

The combined effect of 50 ppm aqueous chlorine dioxide ($ClO_2$) or 0.5% fumaric acid with $5 kJ/m^2$ ultraviolet-C (UV-C) on the postharvest quality of "Flamengo" strawberries was examined. After non-thermal treatment, the samples were stored at $4\pm1^{\circ}C$ for 12 days. The combined treatment of fumaric acid/UV-C reduced the initial populations of total aerobic bacteria and yeast and molds in the strawberries by 2.09 and 2.02 log CFU/g, respectively, compared to those of the control. In addition, after 12 days of storage the yeast and molds population in the combined treatment was 1.72 log CFU/g, compared to 5.10 log CFU/g for the control, resulting in a significant decrease of 3.38 log CFU/g. Postharvest treatments used in this study caused negligible changes in the color of the strawberries. Sensory evaluation results indicated that the combined postharvest treatment provided better sensory scores than did the control. In particular, the overall acceptability scores were higher for the combined treatment groups after 5 days of storage. These results suggest that combined treatment of either 50 ppm $ClO_2$ or 0.5% fumaric acid with $5 kJ/m^2$ UV-C can be useful for maintaining the quality of strawberries.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.29-38
• /
• 2002

Advanced oxidation of wastewater was studied with a purpose to remove TOC and color by the ozone-assisted Fenton reaction. The optimal conditions were determined by hydrogen peroxide and ozone concentrations. Experimental results indicate that the ozone treatment after Fentons process was found to provide very efficient removal efficiency in the process, avoiding the exclusive ozone treatment. The combined process of ozone in the Fenton oxidation respectively was increased removal efficiences of 10.7％ in comparison with exclusive Fenton oxidation. Also, the treatments of ozone after Fenton's oxidation respectively had increased the removal efficiences of 16.％. As a result, the treatment of ozone after Fentons oxidation had the best removal efficiency of approximately 96％. Removal efficiency of color was significantly increased as mush as 26％ by the advanced Fenton's oxidation in comparison with exclusive Fenton's oxidation. The removal efficiencies in the biological treatment using Bacillus subtilis after Fenton's oxidation and after Fenton's and ozone's oxidation were increased by 14％ and 19％ respectively. Although these combined Bacillus subtilis-assisted Fenton's oxidation was determined to be effective method to treat the dyeing wastewater in an economic point of view, the choice of wastewater treatment can be varied depending on water quality.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
• /
• v.50 no.1
• /
• pp.63-71
• /
• 2020

Odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) are one of the most aggressive cysts in the oral and maxillofacial area because of their high recurrence rate and infiltrative behavior. In growing patients with OKCs, a radical treatment approach might cause numerous complications, including the disturbance of jaw growth and loss of the involved tooth. This case report describes successful comprehensive orthodontic treatment combined with marsupialization of the cyst in a young girl who exhibited an OKC with impacted teeth. The 10-year-old girl presented with an OKC extending from the mandibular symphysis through the left mandibular body, with ectopic impaction of the mandibular left canine and first premolar, as well as congenitally missing bilateral mandibular second premolars. Interestingly, spontaneous improvement of the positions of the ectopic impacted teeth, along with a reduction in the size of the cyst, occurred during marsupialization. The sequential use of removable and fixed appliances enabled orthodontic traction of the impacted teeth. The treatment outcome was stable at 2.5 years after the end of the treatment. We speculate that comprehensive orthodontic treatment combined with marsupialization can be an effective treatment strategy for patients with OKCs, especially when they are encountered in young, growing patients with impacted teeth.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.40 no.1
• /
• pp.67-77
• /
• 2023

This study individually analyzed the effects of Korean Facial Chuna Manual Treatment (K-FCMT) combined with Korean medicine (KM) treatment (acupuncture, electroacupuncture, pharmacopuncture, and herbal medicine) on five patients with acute Bell's palsy who visited Dongsuwon Korean Medicine Hospital between August 1 and 31, 2022. During inpatient treatment, two of the five patients received K-FCMT 5-6 times a week, and the other three received the same frequency during outpatient treatment for approximately 2 weeks. Patients with a House-Brackmann grading scale (HBGS) score of ≤4 and Yanagihara unweighted grading system (Y-score) ≥7-8 began to recover after the 2nd-3rd sessions of K-FCMT, which entered the recovery phase quickly. As patients entered the recovery phase (7-9th sessions of K-FCMT), symptoms improved to HBGS scores of 1-2 and Y-scores of 35-40 points. This study suggests the possibility of applying K-FCMT combined with KM treatment to patients in the acute stage of Bell's palsy.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.157-164
• /
• 2014

Objectives The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of chuna with and without acupuncture, and compare the effect of both group by VAS (visual analogue scale) and Cox menstrual symptom scale. Methods This study was carried out on 24 dysmenorrhea patients. 24 patients were divided into single treatment group(Group A) and combined treatment group (Group B). Group A treated with chuna. Group B treated with chuna and acupuncture. After performing chuna and acupuncture 8 weeks, we compared both in terms of VAS and Cox menstrual symptom scale. Results 1) Both group A and group B showed significant improvement in abdominal pain and lumbago after treatment. 2) Both group A and group B showed significant improvement in Cox menstrual symptom scale for both frequency and severity after treatment. 3) There were no significant differences between both groups. Conclusions According to above results, we found out that performing chuna with and without acupuncture has effect in terms of VAS and Cox menstrual symptom scale. But, we can't found out difference between single treatment and combined treatment.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.84-89
• /
• 2011

The present study was undertaken to determine whether combined treatment with prokinetic trimebutine and mosapride has a synergic effect on gastrointestinal motility and visceral pain associated with gastrointestinal dysfunction. To develop effective gastroprokinetic agents with greater potencies than trimebutine or mosapride for the treatment of gastrointestinal tract disease, a mixture of trimebutine and mosapride was designed and prepared. In the present study, treatment with trimebutine alone showed a dose-dependent effect on propelling movements of normal small and large intestine in mice, whereas mosapride effected only small intestine motility. Co-administration of trimebutine with mosapride, a well-established prokinetic drug, produced a synergistic influence on normal small intestine motility, but demonstrated an unclear effect on large intestine motility, with a slight tendency to reduce the propelling time. In a stress model, the small and large intestine motilities were significantly decreased. The reduction of intestine motility was restored to a normal level and the restoring effect was more pronounced in the combined treatment with trimebutine plus mosapride than treatment with trimebutine or mosapride alone. Furthermore, treatment with trimebutine plus mosapride significantly decreased acute visceral pain which was not controlled by trimebutine or mosapride alone. These data suggest that combination therapy with trimebutine plus mosapride has a synergic effect on small and large intestine motility and visceral pain control in gastrointestinal disorders.

• Food Quality and Culture
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.55-60
• /
• 2008

This study examined the effects of lactic acid spray, hot water spray, or their combined treatment, as well as the effects of acidified sodium chlorite (ASC), for the decontamination of Escherichia coli on beef carcass surfaces using a commercial intervention system. With this system, the effects of 2 or 4% lactic acid (v/v), hot water ($89{\pm}1^{\circ}C$), or their combined treatment, were examined in terms of reducing inoculated E. coli. ASC (266 ppm), which was adjusted to pH 2.5 using acetic acid or citric acid, was applied using a hand-held spray system. When the beef carcasses were treated with 2 or 4% lactic acid for 10.4 s, less than 1 log reductions of inoculated E. coli were observed. A hot water spray treatment for 9.8 s resulted in a 2.1 log reduction of inoculated E. coli. However, when the hot water was followed with either 2 or 4% lactic acid, no difference in E. coli reduction was found between the hot water alone or the combined treatment with lactic acid. When ASC was adjusted to pH 2.5 with acetic acid and citric acid, 3.8 and 4.1 log reductions of E. coli were observed, respectively. Overall, the lactic acid spray treatment was least effective, and the ASC treatment was most effective, for the E. coli decontamination of beef carcasses. Therefore, these data suggest that ASC would be a more effective intervention against E. coli than most of the methods currently being used. However, more research is required to evaluate the effects of ASC on other organisms, as well as to identify application methods that will not affect meat quality.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.57 no.2
• /
• pp.161-164
• /
• 2014

To establish the pre-freezing treatment and to secure microbial safety of blueberry, Korean raspberry, and mulberry, the effects of chemical sanitizers on the populations of microorganisms in the berries were examined. Among the treatments, the combined treatment of 50 ppm aqueous chlorine dioxide and 0.1% fumaric acid reduced most the populations of total aerobic bacteria in the blueberry, Korean raspberry, and mulberry by 2.56, 2.26, and 2.56 log CFU/g, respectively, compared to the control. The populations of yeast and mold in the blueberry, Korean raspberry, and mulberry by the combined treatment were also reduced by 2.24, 2.08, and 1.49 log CFU/g, respectively. These results suggest that the combined treatment can be useful for reducing the microbial contamination and maintaining the quality of frozen berries.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.170-174
• /
• 2021

A patient diagnosed with Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) suffering from numbness in the toes and fingers, paralysis in the face, and back pain received intravenous immunoglobulin on December 28, 2019. Without an improvement in symptoms the patient was admitted to a Korean medicine hospital on January 1, 2020 to receive combined Korean medicine treatment including herbal medicine (Sipjeondaebo-tanggami and Hyangbujasunkipalmul-tang), acupuncture treatment, moxibustion, cupping treatment, and physical therapy. Treatment was administered over 51 days, of which 17 days were during hospitalization. Paralysis of facial muscle, and numbness in fingers and toes were evaluated using the Yanagihara score and numeric rating scale (NRS) score, respectively. Facial paralysis improved (21 to 40 based on Yanagihara score) and paresthesia of the hands and feet disappeared (NRS score 6-7 to NRS score 0). There were no side effects or sequela. This study suggested combined Korean medicine treatment may be effective for the treatment of GBS.

• Medical Lasers
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.207-213
• /
• 2021

Background and Objectives This study was undertaken to assess the stability and efficacy of laser therapy (808 nm), Liquiband (a commercial topical skin adhesive product), and a combination treatment, for application in oral ulcers. Materials and Methods The oral ulcer rat animal model was used to determine the efficacy of photobiomodulation, Liquiband, or combination therapy. Ulcers were induced by injecting 60% acetic acid in the oral mucosa. Three days after ulcer confirmation, the chemically induced ulcers were treated with either laser (808 nm), Liquiband, or a combination of both, every two days for 8 days (4 sessions). Combination therapy was performed by first treating with laser followed by application of the Liquiband. Reduction in ulcer area size was subsequently determined, and animals were sacrificed at 5 and 10 days after the last administration, for histological observation of the extracted oral ulcer tissue samples. Results In this study, treatment with either laser (808 nm) or commercial Liquiband product as well as the combined treatment significantly enhanced oral ulcer healing in the rat animal model. The effect of laser treatment is mainly attributed to collagen synthesis, whereas application of the Liquiband promotes vascularization and formation of granulation tissue. Our results indicate that further optimization of the combined therapy could synergistically and significantly enhance oral ulcer healing. Conclusion Laser or Liquiband treatment of oral ulcer in the rat animal model exert different outcomes, but both methods confirm significant effects relative to the untreated group. The combined treatment group with laser and Liquiband showed marked oral ulcer healing, but further optimization is required to get highly significant results and establish the potential synergistic effect of the combination therapy, as compared to the individual enhancing effects of healing oral ulcers.