• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.187-194
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• 2020

The T&E (Test and Evaluation) results were applied for a judgment basis to decide the developmental process of system engineering for efficient weapon system R&D (Research and Development). During the OT&E (Operational Test and Evaluation) and DT&E (Development Test and Evaluation), an environmental test is essential for weapon system development owing to their highly exposed operational conditions. Based on the MIL-STD-810, MIL-HDBK-310, and AECTP 200, the ROK armed forces recommended operating temperatures for the ROK weapon system and applied this to the DT&E and OT&E. This study examined the compatibility of Korean temperature guidelines for stockpile material considering recent climate change. Moreover, this study analyzed the data from hourly measured temperatures on 101 observatories during 60 years, from 1960 to 2020, and percentage (0.5%, 1%, 5%, and 10%) and the 𝜎 (3𝜎, 2𝜎, and 1𝜎) frequency of occurrence on rigorous hot (August) and cold (January) periods, respectively. The results indicate that the highest temperature was 41℃, and the 0.5% frequency of occurrence was 37.0℃. In the case of the cold period, the lowest temperature was -32.6℃ and the 0.5% frequency of occurrence was -21.1℃. By considering the previously recommended operating temperature range for a general ground system, -30 ~ 40℃, regional operation probability is recognized 99.999%. Despite the recent abnormal climate change from global warming, the Korean temperature guidelines are compatible with the stockpile material environmental test.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.67-74
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• 2020

One of the missions of active-duty units in charge of managing reserve forces is providing combat supplies to reserve forces to exercise their combat capabilities quickly when declaring a mobilization order. Rear area active-duty units must support large local reserve forces. On the other hand, military units have difficulties due to a lack of forces and the storage of large quantities of firearms and ammunition. For this reason, local reserve forces should move to an integrated storing place and receive their firearms and ammunition. The existing distribution plan (existing plan) is a first-in-first-out plan that can produce inconsistent distribution orders. The inconsistent distribution orders can increase the complete distribution time, which will affect the combat power of local reserve forces. Therefore, firearms and ammunition should be distributed quickly. Accordingly, this paper proposes the priority selection of firearms and ammunition for local reserve forces with a minimum complete distribution time using Dynamic Programming. To verify the proposed model, the existing plan was compared with the proposed model using real data, and the result showed that the proposed model outperformed the existing plan.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.269-275
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• 2020

RAM of elements to support weapon systems is conducted at the initial development phase and standard is suggested to accomplish strategy requirement performance from a design spec. Operational availability is a key point of the military's ability to ensure combat readiness and to win the battle. In the weapon system development phase, operational availability is used as a development standard. The military provides ALDT, operation and standby time, which are elements of operational availability. ALDT is a key element of operational availability that must be maintained for combat readiness, as it depends on the aging of a weapon system, maintenance policies and geographical conditions. Operational Availability to be set at the development phase has many differences from the operational availability that is analyzed in the actual operational phase because ALDT is applied as a simple assumption. In the paper, we analyzed ALDT applying the decision tree method through failure data acquired from initial operation. Through this study, we have devised the optimal ALDT setting method to achieve operational availability about operation when the weapons system is unstable.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.6-9
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• 2006

The style of war in the $21^{st}$ century became digitalized cooperative union tactic, which relies heavily on the system providing real time information. Critical information is provided during the war from sensing to shooting. Therefore, epochal development in observation, reconnaissance (ISR), commanding (C4I) and precision strike (PGM) are necessary. Application of ubiquitous computing and network technologies in national defense is necessary for carrying out with various types of wars in the $21^{st}$ century. Therefore, the author wants to research core technology sector that can be developed and applied in preparation of ubiquitous national defense era. Also plans for applying recent u-Defense technology to the military sector had been suggested. Particularly, the author have suggested plans for utilizing combined future information technologies such as ad-hoc network, RFID for the logistic supply in construction of u-Defense system. By utilizing these information technologies, combat power and strategic capabilities of the military can be enhanced greatly.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.342-348
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• 2018

The important issue of equipment installed in maritime weapon system is shock survivability against underwater explosion(UNDEX). If the shock survivability of equipment should not be guaranteed, the successful mission also could not be achieved. For that reason, the shock-resistance of each equipment under UNDEX environment should be demonstrated before deployment at combat field. However, the actual UNDEX test on the ocean is too expensive to conduct. Also, it has diverse dangerous factors. The main characteristic of UNDEX is a dual-pulse shock. The vertical shock test machine able to simulate dual pulse shock signal on the ground will be introduced in this paper. The dual-pulse shock signal presented in certain shock standard was achieved with this shock-test machine on the ground. The analytical procedure to set a test condition was verified by comparing simulation result with experiment result.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.293-299
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• 2021

This study is caused by the urgent need to constantly fight against such a shameful phenomenon of society as corruption, the flourishing of which cannot be overlooked. This phenomenon has many negative manifestations and consequences, undermines the national security of the state, slows down the development of democracy, worsens the state of all spheres of life (economic, political, administrative, etc.), worsens relations with foreign partners, forms tolerance for corruption in the public consciousness. Today, the process of fighting corruption is extremely important for our country, because it depends on the independence, democracy, sustainability of Ukraine. However, there is a complex and ambiguous situation regarding this process, as there is a clear coordination of state policy in the fight against corruption, insufficient and narrow understanding of ways to combat it. There is a lack of efforts by the authorities to overcome corruption challenges and use ineffective means of combating them. Instead, corruption causes great material and moral damage to states as a whole and many of its citizens.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.365-373
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• 2021

Covid-19 posed a serious threat to public health worldwide, especially in the absence of vaccines or medicines. The only viable strategies to combat a virus with a high infection rate were to apply lock-down strategies, transport ban, social and physical distancing. In this work, we provide a domain-specific component model for crisis management. The model allows for building a plan for managing Covid-19 crisis and use the plan as a template to generate a system specific for managing that crisis. The crisis component model is derived from X-MAN II, a generic component model that we have developed for the aircraft industry

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.89-97
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• 2022

More than 2 years after the explosion of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, extensive efforts have been made to develop safe and efficacious vaccines against infections with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The pandemic has opened a new era of vaccine development based on next-generation platforms, including messenger RNA (mRNA)-based technologies, and paved the way for the future of mRNA-based therapeutics to provide protection against a wide range of infectious diseases. Multiple vaccines have been developed at an unprecedented pace to protect against COVID-19 worldwide. However, important knowledge gaps remain to be addressed, especially in terms of how vaccines induce immunogenicity and efficacy in those who are elderly. Here, we discuss the various vaccine platforms that have been utilized to combat COVID-19 and emphasize how these platforms can be a powerful tool to react quickly to future pandemics.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.230-237
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• 2015

This study investigated the impact of microalgal oil (MO) on body weight management in C57BL/6J mice. Obesity was induced for 8 weeks and animals were orally supplemented with the following for 8 additional weeks: beef tallow (BT), corn oil, fish oil (FO), microalgal oil (MO), or none, as a high fat diet control group (HD). A normal control group was fed with a normal diet. After completing the experiment, the FO and MO groups showed significant decreases in body weight gain, epididymal fat pad weights, serum triglycerides, and total cholesterol levels compared to the HD and BT groups. A lower mRNA expression level of lipid anabolic gene and higher levels of lipid catabolic genes were observed in both FO and MO groups. Serum insulin and leptin concentrations were lower in the MO group. These results indicated that microalgal oil has an anti-obesity effect that can combat high fat diet-induced obesity in mice.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.11-21
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• 2017

Artillery fire power due to effectiveness which is hard to predict well-planned and surprising attack can give a fear and shock to the personnel and is a very core weapon system and takes a critical role in wartime. Therefore in order to maximize operational effectiveness, Army required protecting artillery and takes a quick attack action through rapid construction of artillery's positions. The artillery use artillery's position to prevent exposure by moving to other position frequently. They have to move and construct at new artillery's positions quickly against exposing existed place by foe's recognition. These positions should be built by not manpower but engineering construction equipment. Because artillery positions have to protect human and artillery equipment well and build quickly. Military engineering battalion have lots of construction equipment which include excavator, loader, dozer, combat multi-purposed excavator, armored combat earthmover dump truck and so on. So they have to decide to optimal number of Team combining these equipments and determine construction sequence of artillery's position in operational plan. In this research, we propose to decide number of Team efficiently and allocate required construction's positions for each Team under constraints of limited equipments and time. To do so, we develop efficient heuristic method which can give near optimal solution and be applied to various situation including commander's intention, artillery position's priority or grouping etc. This heuristic can support quick and flexible construction plan of artillery positions not only for using various composition's equipment to organize Teams but also for changing quantity of positions.