• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.570-595
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• 2017

Robust and perceptually-adaptive image watermarking algorithms have mainly targeted gray-scale images either at the modeling or embedding levels despite the widespread availability of color images. Only few of the existing algorithms are specifically designed for color images where color correlation and perception are constructively exploited. In this paper, a new perceptual and high-capacity color image watermarking solution is proposed based on the extension of Tsui et al. algorithm. The $CIEL^*a^*b^*$ space and the spatio-chromatic Fourier transform (SCFT) are combined along with a perceptual model to hide watermarks in color images where the embedding process reconciles between the conflicting requirements of digital watermarking. The perceptual model, based on an emerging color image model, exploits the non-uniform just-noticeable color difference (NUJNCD) thresholds of the $CIEL^*a^*b^*$ space. Also, spread-spectrum techniques and semi-random low-density parity check codes (SR-LDPC) are used to boost the watermark robustness and capacity. Unlike, existing color-based models, the data hiding capacity of our scheme relies on a game-theoretic model where upper bounds for watermark embedding are derived. Finally, the proposed watermarking solution outperforms existing color-based watermarking schemes in terms of robustness to standard image/color attacks, hiding capacity and imperceptibility.

• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2005

The propose of this study investigated the reproduction of color image on a CRT monitor, for a range of different values of monitor gamma. We have used the GOG(gain-offset-gamma) model of the behavior of CRT. Color difference have been computed in a color space, based on the CIELAB color appearance model. The 133 patch defined linearly color sample and 24 patch defined printing color target were used, and were subjected to the influence of nine different gamma value. The result shows that netural color is increasing the decrease range of luminance black color than white color. These results concern correct in the context display of color reproduction.

• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.45-58
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• 2005

The propose of this study investigated the reproduction of color image displayed on a CRT monitor, for a range of different values of monitor gamma. We have used the GOG(gain-offset-gamma) model of the behavior of the CRT. Color difference have been computed in a color space, based on the CIELAB color appearance model. The 133 patch defined linearly color sample and 24 patch defined printing color target were used, and were subjected to the influence of nine different gamma value. The result show that neutral color is increasing the decrease range of luminance black color than white color. These results are of concern in the context of the "correct" display of color reproduction.

• Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.35-43
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• 2002

The spectral color resolution of an image is very important in color image analysis. Two factors influencing the spectral color resolution of an image are illumination intensity and lens aperture for a selected vision system. An optimal combination of illumination intensity and lens aperture for color image analysis was determined in the study. The method was based on a model of dynamic range defined as the absolute difference between digital values of selected foreground and background color in the image. The role of illumination intensity in machine vision was also described and a computer program for simulating the optimal combination of two factors was implemented for verifying the related algorithm. It was possible to estimate the non-saturating range of the illumination intensity (input voltage in the study) and the lens aperture by using a model of dynamic range. The method provided an optimal combination of the illumination intensity and the lens aperture, maximizing the color resolution between colors of interest in color analysis, and the estimated color resolution at the combination for a given vision system configuration.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.598-608
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• 2020

In this paper, we propose a color correction technique for images acquired through a multi-view camera system for acquiring a 3D model. It is assumed that the 3D volume is captured indoors, and the position and intensity of the light is constant over time. 8 multi-view cameras are used, and converging toward the center of the space, so even if the lighting is constant, the intensity and angle of light entering each camera may be different. Therefore, a color optimization function is applied to a color correction chart taken from all cameras, and a color conversion matrix defining a relationship between the obtained 8 images is calculated. Using this, the images of all cameras are corrected based on the standard color correction chart. This paper proposed a color correction method to minimize the color difference between cameras when acquiring an image using 8 cameras of 3D objects, and experimentally proved that the color difference between images is reduced when it is restored to a 3D image.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.381-388
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to check if LED lighting can be used as general lighting and examine the color rendering property of full color RGB LED lighting. CRI is one of the important properties of evaluating lighting. However the present CRI does not fully evaluate LED lightings. Firstly, the performance of a simple task was compared other than comparing CRI values for different lighting. For experimental preparation three types of lightings were used; standard D65 fluorescent tube, general household fluorescent tube, and RGB LED lighting. All three lightings show high error for Purple-Red. All three lightings show similar error for all hues and prove that color discrimination is not affected by the lighting. This proves that LED could be used as general lighting. Secondly, problems of the conventional CIE CRI method are considered and new models are suggested for the new lighting source. Each of the models was evaluated with visual experiment results obtained by the white light matching experiment. The suggested model is based on the CIE CRI method but replaces the color space model by CIELAB, color difference model by CIEDE2000, and chromatic adaptation model by CAT02.

• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.11-26
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• 2007

In this paper, an experiment was done where the input device used the linear multiple regression and the sRGB color space to perform a color transformation. The output device used the GOG, GOGO and sRGB for the color transformation. After the input device underwent a color transformation, a $3\;{\times}\;20\;size$ matrix was used in a linear multiple regression and the scanner's color representation of scanner was better than a digital still camera's color representation. When using the sRGB color space, the original copy and the output copy had a color difference of 11. Therefore it was more efficient to use the linear multiple regression method than using the sRGB color space. After the input device underwent a color transformation, the additivity of the LCD monitor's R, G and B signal value improved and therefore the error in the linear formula transformation decreased. From this change, the LCD monitor with the GOG model applied to the color transformation became better than LCD monitors with other models applied to the color transformation. Also, the color difference varied more than 11 from the original target in CRT and LCD monitors when a sRGB color transformation was done in restricted conditions.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.4472-4477
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• 2013

This paper describes the color features of smoke in each standard color model in order to present the most suitable color model for somke detection in video surveillance system. Histogram intersection technique is used to analyze the difference characteristics between color of smoke and color of non smoke. The considered standard color models are RGB, YCbCr, CIE-Lab, HSV, and if the calculated histogram intersection value is large for the considered color model, then the smoke spilt characteristics are not good in that color model. If the calculated histogram intersection value is small, then the smoke spilt characteristics are good in that color model. The analyzed result shows that the RGB and HSV color models are the most suitable for color model based smoke detection by performing respectively 0.14 and 0.156 for histogram intersection value.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.30 no.5 s.153
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• pp.684-698
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• 2006

This study consists of the stimuli of a female model in her twenties with twenty-two different facial make-up. The subjects of this study are one thousand low hundred ninety seven purposive sampled-male and female grown-ups throughout the country. The period of the research was the December of 2004, one month, and the materials were analyzed by factor analysis, T-examination, analysis of variance, Cronbach's a, Duncan's Multiple Range Test. Here follows the result of the research. Firstly, Familiarity, Intelligence, Fitness, Charm, Tradition and Youth were came out as the result of factor analysis of make-up color image perception. Secondly, in age/lip color perception of bright skin tone, there was difference of Intelligence and Charm. In age/image make-up perception of bright skin tone, there was difference of Familiarity, Charm especially on Cool image make-up. Thirdly in habitant/lip color perception of dark skin tone, there was difference of Intelligence and Charm. In habitant/image make-up perception of bright skin tone, there was difference of Familiarity, Charm and of bright skin tone, Intelligence, Charm, Tradition and Youth. Fourthly, there were the interaction effects on the gender of perceivers and lip color and image make-up of perceivers habitant. Lastly, in preference rate, lip color was more affected by age and image make-up were more affected by perceivers habitant.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.563-572
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• 2006

Advantage that light transmission treatment way of most suitable through skin can investigate light directly in part ar there is difference in ability photoelectricity month by diverse complexion of horn character department which is branch or head of a family outside part of skin and treatment according to various patient can be inappropriate. By result that this research uses color information after search each color ingredient that ingredient of HIS and YIQ that use method, color information to use skin impedance way and color information through skin area ion and difference video to do fixed measuring by light investigation way by skin impedance corresponds to skin color in an experiment though is most universal result according to patient's skin model area detection each single person's skin model through videotex automatically create and because measuring, investigate skin color, energy, wave length, approximately, transmission time, model of most suitable that draw pulse delay and so on and want and special quality, and saved standard of disease treatment pulse modeling by skin impedance, and design and manufacture light investigation pulse modeling system of most suitable by skin subordinate, and constructed suitable treatment pulse database by skin color.