• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.11-19
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• 2003

This paper proposes an algorithm to reduce the estimation error of surface spectral-reflectance(SR) using a conventional 3-band RGB camera. In the proposed method, estimation error can be reduced by using adaptive principal components(PCs) for each color region. In order to build adaptive set of PCs, n SR populations are organized for n PC sets by using Lloyd quantizer design algorithm. Macbetch ColorCheckcer is utilized as initial representative SR values for 1485 Munsell color chips of total color population and the Munsell chips arc divided subsets and a set of corresponding adaptive PCs per each subset is organized. As a result of experiments, the proposed method showed advanced estimation performance compared to both the two 3-band PCA methods and the 5-band wiener method.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.810-813
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• 2003

Application of inorganic silica-neodymia alloy films grown by sputtering technology to the dielectric layer of plasma display panel (PDP) is presented. The experimental results reveal that dielectric constant of the alloy films increases with neodymia concentration. Also, the alloy films act as band rejection color filter owing to sharp absorptions originating in the intratransition within the 4f shell of the $Nd^{3+}$ ion. In the optical band pass region, the transmittances of the alloy films show higher than those of commercial glass-like dielectrics. As a result, the luminance of PDP device with the alloy dielectric layer is higher than that of device with conventional dielectrics, indicating wider color gamut and higher color purity.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.171-179
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• 2007

Hyperspectral images have shown a great potential for the applications in resource management, agriculture, mineral exploration and environmental monitoring. However, due to the large volume of data, processing of hyperspectral images faces some difficulties. This paper introduces the development of an image processing tool (HYVIEW) that is particularly designed for handling hyperspectral image data. Current version of HYVIEW is dealing with efficient algorithms for displaying hyperspectral images, selecting bands to create color composites, and atmospheric correction. Three band-selection schemes for producing color composites are available based on three most popular indexes of OIF, SI and CI. HYVIEW can effectively demonstrate the differences in the results of the three schemes. For the atmospheric correction, HYVIEW utilizes a pre-calculated LUT by which the complex process of correcting atmospheric effects can be performed fast and efficiently.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.268-274
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• 2018

In this study we suggest a humidity-sensitive color sensor using a one-dimensional photonic crystal and Hong Kong University of Science and Technology-1 (HKUST-1), which is a metal-organic framework (MOF) substance. One-dimensional photonic crystals have a photonic band gap, due to a periodic refractive-index change, and block and reflect light components in a specific wavelength band. The refractive index of HKUST-1 differs in dry and humid environments. Herein we designed a sensor using the presence of the photonic band gap, with FDTD simulation. As a result of optical analysis, the color conversion of the reflected light was superior to the color conversion of the transmitted light. When the center wavelength of the photonic band gap was 550 nm, the maximum peak value of the wet environment increased by a factor of about 9.5 compared to the dry environment, and the color conversion from achromatic to green was excellent as a sensor. The results of this study suggest the application of MOF materials to moisture sensors, and the nanostructure design of MOF materials will expand the applications to industrial devices.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.48.1-48.1
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• 2014

Galaxy clusters, the largest gravitationally bound systems, are an important means to place constraints on cosmological models. Moreover, they are excellent places to test galaxy evolution models in connection to the environments. To this day, massive clusters have been found unexpectedly(Kang & Im 2009, Durret et al. 2011, Tashikawa et al. 2012) and evolution of galaxies in cluster have been still controversial (Elbaz et al. 2007, Cooper et al. 2008, Tran et al. 2009). Finding galaxy cluster candidates at z>1 in a wide, deep imaging survey data will enable us to solve the such issues of modern extragalactic astronomy. We report new candidates of galaxy clusters and their physical properties in one of the wide and deep survey fields, European Large Area ISO Survey North1(ELAIS-N1) and North2(ELAIS-N2) fields, covering sky area of and each. We also suggest a new useful color selection technique to separate 1 < z < 2 galaxies from low-z galaxies by combining multi-wavelength data from the UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey Deep Extragalactic Survey (UKIDSS DXS/J and K band), Spitzer Wise-area InfraRed Extragalactic survey (SWIRE/two mid-infrared bands), Canada France Hawaii Telescope (CFHT/z band), Issac Newton Telescope(INT/ u, g, r, i, z band) and Infrared Medium-deep Survey(IMS/J band).

• KSBB Journal
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.724-729
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• 1998

To develop a large scale countercurrent single pass heat exchanger for continuous transportation and sterilization of soybean paste, microflora and color value of sterilized soybean paste were examined at various sterile condition. Aerobes, anaerobes, molds, yeasts and lactic acid bacteria were 5.1 x 107 CFU/g, 7.1 x 107 CFU/g, 2.6 x 105 CFU/g, 4.3 x 106 CFU/g, 1.3 x 107 CFU/g, respectively in raw soybean paste. In gold band ampoule test, aerobes and anaerobes of soybean paste were viable up to 90$^{\circ}C$, but become unviable at 100$^{\circ}C$. Molds decreased rapidly and yeasts decreased slowly from 70$^{\circ}C$. Lactic acid bacteria were unviable at 60$^{\circ}C$ within 10 min. In color test, Hunter L, a, and b values of soybean paste were 50.2, +5.6, and +17.8, respectively. After heating in polyethylene film bag at 80$^{\circ}C$, Hunter values were not so much changed and become 50.2, +4.7, and +19.7, respectively. The micorflora and color of soybean paste sterilized in a large scale heat exchanger system resulted in very similar to those of gold band ampoule and polyethylene film bag by effective heat transfer.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.367-375
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• 1999

This paper describes the development, operations, and applications of ROCSAT-l and its Ocean Color Imager (OCI) remote-sensing payload. It is the first satellite program of NSPO. The satellite was successfully launched by Lockheed Martin's Athena on January 26, 1999 from Cape Canaveral, Florida. ROCSAT-l is a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) experimental satellite. Its circular orbit has an altitude of 600km and an inclination angle of 35 degrees. The satellite is designed to carry out scientific research missions, including ocean color imaging, experiments on ionospheric plasma and electrodynamics, and experiments using Ka-band (20∼30GHz) communication payloads. The OCI payload is utilized to observe the ocean color in 7 bands (including one redundant band) of Visible and Near-Infrared (434nm∼889nm) range with the resolution of 800m at nadir and the swath of 702km. It employs high performance telecentric optics, push-broom scanning method using Charge Coupled Devices (CCD) and large-scale integrated circuit chips. The water leaving radiance is estimated from the total inputs to the OCI, including the atmospheric scattering. The post-process estimates the water leaving radiance and generates different end products. The OCI has taken images since February 1999 after completing the early orbit checkout. Analyses have been performed to evaluate the performances of the instrument in orbit and to compare them with the pre-launch test results. This paper also briefly describes the ROCSAT-l mission operations. The spacecraft operating modes and ROCSAT Ground Segment operations are delineated, and the overall initial operations of ROCSAT-l are summarized.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• v.56 no.5
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• pp.553-562
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• 2023

Colonoscopy plays an important role in reducing the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer by detecting adenomas and other precancerous lesions. Image-enhanced endoscopy (IEE) increases lesion visibility by enhancing the microstructure, blood vessels, and mucosal surface color, resulting in the detection of colorectal lesions. In recent years, various IEE techniques have been used in clinical practice, each with its unique characteristics. Numerous studies have reported the effectiveness of IEE in the detection of colorectal lesions. IEEs can be divided into two broad categories according to the nature of the image: images constructed using narrow-band wavelength light, such as narrow-band imaging and blue laser imaging/blue light imaging, or color images based on white light, such as linked color imaging, texture and color enhancement imaging, and i-scan. Conversely, artificial intelligence (AI) systems, such as computer-aided diagnosis systems, have recently been developed to assist endoscopists in detecting colorectal lesions during colonoscopy. To gain a better understanding of the features of each IEE, this review presents the effectiveness of each type of IEE and their combination with AI for colorectal lesion detection by referencing the latest research data.

• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.467-476
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• 2002

A large number of individual ginseng plants have been selected in the farmer's fields to develop new ginseng varieties with desirable traits since 1970s. Among them, Hwangsukjong with green stem and yellow berry was selected as a ginseng germplasm. The phenotype of Hwangsukjong is quite different from Jakyungjong that has violet stem and red berry and has been cultivated in most of ginseng fields. Therefore, Hwangsukjong was crossed with Jakyungjong to clarify the inheritance of stem color and then the characteristics of $F_1\;and\;F_2$ hybrids were investigated. $F_1$ hybrid plants were similar to Jakyungjong in most of aerial part characters and showed hybrid vigor in fresh weight of root and weight of 100 seeds. In $F_2$ generation, the stem color was segregated in a ratio of 3 violet to 1 green. From this result, it was elucidated that violet color was controlled by single dominant gene. In another experiment, DNA was extracted from parents (Jakyungjong and Hwangsukjong) and $F_1$ hybrid. For each primer evaluated, multiple band profile was produced comprising from one to five major bands plus a varying number of minor bands and amplified bands were detected among most primers. In case of UBC primer number 13, 17, 30, 31, and 43, band patterns of parents and $F_1$ hybrid were very similar, but the others were not. Especially, in {\sharp}1$, {\sharp}4$, and {\sharp}33$, specific band was produced in Hwangsukjong and $F_1$ hybrid while in {\sharp}6$, another specific band was produced in Jakyungjong and $F_1$ hybrid. Therefore, $F_1$ hybrid had all specific bands at these primers. So, these selective markers could be used for identification of characteristics of $F_2$ hybrids

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.76.2-76.2
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• 2017

We present Subaru Near-Infrared (NIR) photometry for globular clusters (GCs) in the giant elliptical galaxy NGC 4649 (M60) belonging to the Virgo cluster. NIR data are obtained in Ks-band with the Subaru/MOIRCS, and matching HST/ACS optical data available in literature are used to explore the origin of GC color bimodality. A clear bimodal color distribution is observed in the optical color (g-z), in which the ratio between blue and red GCs is 4:6. By contrast, the more metallicity-sensitive optical-NIR colors (g-Ks, z-Ks) show a considerably weakened bimodality in their distributions. The color-color relation of the optical and NIR colors for the GC system shows a nonlinear feature, supporting that the optical color bimodality observed in NGC 4649 GC system is caused by nonlinear color-metallicity relations (CMRs).