• 영어어문교육
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.121-150
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• 2009

This paper deals with contrastive analysis and interlanguage with respect to adjective ordering. It aimed to investigate how similar and different the orders of descriptive adjectives are in English and Korean, and how Korean EFL learners perceive the sequences of English descriptive adjectives. Data were collected from native English speakers and native Korean speakers and Korean EFL learners. The contrastive analysis showed that the order of English adjectives was size, opinion, condition, age, color, shape, material, and origin, whereas the Korean order was condition, age, opinion, color, size, shape, material, and origin. The relative order of the interlanguage was shown to be age, size, opinion, shape, condition, color, origin, and material, with the exceptions of the order of condition preceding age and that of size being the same position as condition. The interlanguage data manifested different aspects of ordering when compared with English and Korean: Some adjective combinations were similar to both English and Korean; Some were different from English or Korean; Some were different from both English and Korean. These ordering patterns are discussed in terms of such principles as the nouniness principle, the subjectivity/objectivity principle, the iconic principle, etc. On the basis of these results, some helpful suggestions are made.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2014년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.225-226
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 색이 가지는 연상적인 언어를 살펴보도록 한다. 또한 색의 연상 작용은 경험에 의한 상징을 동반하는 심리적 활동에도 관계 한다. 따라서 상징과 그 치료 및 효과도 살펴보도록 한다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.1101-1106
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• 2008

청각장애인들은 건청인에 비해 의사소통의 기회가 적어 원만한 상호관계를 유지하는데 어려움이 있다. 이러한 문제는 청각장애인들이 구화를 대신해 몸짓이나 손짓을 이용하여 의사를 전달하는 수화를 건청 인들이 대부분 습득하고 있지 않아 청각장애 인들과 의사소통이 거의 불가능 한 것에서 초래된다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 건청인과 청각장애인들 간의 의사소통을 가능하게 하기 위한 전단계로 FCM 알고리즘을 이용한 지화 인식 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 방법 은 화상 카메라를 통해 얻어진 영상에서 YCbCr 컬러 공간과 HSI 컬러 공간을 이용하여 피부영역을 검출한 후, 추출된 피부영역에 4방향 윤곽선 추적 알고리즘을 적용하여 두 손의 위치를 추적한다. 그리고 추적한 두손의 영역에 대해 형태학적 정보를 이용하여 잡음을 제거한 후, 최종적으로 두 손의 영역을 추출한다. 추출된 손의 영역은 FCM 알고리즘을 적용하여 지화의 특징들을 분류하고 인식한다. 제안된 방법의 성능을 평가하기 위해 화상 카메라에서 획득한 지화 영상을 대상으로 실험한 결과, 두 손 영역의 추출과 지화 인식에 있어서 효과적인 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국어교육
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.325-344
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to summarize PWIM (Picture Words Inductive Model) which is one of learner-centered vocabulary teaching-learning models, and suggest ways to implement them in Korean language education. The pictures that are used in the Korean language education field help visualize the specific shape, color, and texture of the vocabulary that is the learning target; thus, helping beginner learners to recognize the meaning of the sound. Visual material stimulates the intrinsic schema of the learner and not only becomes a 'bridge' connecting the mother tongue and the Korean language, but also reduces difficulty in learning a foreign language because of the ambiguity between meaning and sound in Korean and all languages. PWIM shows commonality with existing learning methods in that it uses visual materials. However, in the past, the teacher-centered learning method has only imitated the teacher because the teacher showed a piece-wise, out-of-life photograph and taught the word. PWIM is a learner-centered learning method that stimulates learners to find vocabulary on their own by presenting visual information reflecting the context. In this paper, PWIM is more suitable for beginner learners who are learning specific concrete vocabulary such as personal identity (mainly objects), residence and environment, daily life, shopping, health, climate, and traffic. The purpose of this study was to develop a method of using PWIM suitable for Korean language learners and teaching procedures. The researchers rearranged the previous research into three steps: brainstorming and word organization, generalization of semantic and morphological rules of extracted words, and application of words. In the case of PWIM, you can go through all three steps at once. Otherwise, it is possible to divide the three steps of PWIM and teach at different times. It is expected that teachers and learners using the PWIM teaching-learning method, which uses realistic visual materials, will enable making an effective class together.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제31권11C호
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• pp.1071-1076
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 수화 인식을 위한 얼굴 및 손 추적시스템을 제안한다. 제안된 시스템은 검출 및 추적 단계로 구분된다. 검출 단계에서는 신호의 주체인 얼굴과 손에 위치한 피부 특징을 이용하였다. CbCr 공간에서의 타원 모델을 구성하여 피부 색상을 검출하고 피부 영역을 분할한다. 그리고 크기와 얼굴 특징을 이용하여 얼굴과 손 영역을 정의한다. 추적 단계에서는 동작 추정을 위하여 첫 번째 손 영역으로 예측된 다음의 손위치를 연산함으로써 두 번째 손의 영역을 유도해낸다. 그러나 갑작스런 움직임의 속도 변화가 있을 경우 연속된 프레임에서 추적된 위치는 부정확하였다. 이러한 점을 해결하고자 손 영역에 대하여 반복적인 재연산을 수행하여 적응적으로 영역을 찾음으로써 오차를 보정하도록 하였다. 실험 결과 제안된 방법은 기존의 방법보다 4%의 처리 시간이 증가된 반면, 예측 오차는 96.87%까지 감소시킬 수 있었다.

• 영어영문학
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.307-333
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• 2007

When W. E. B. Du Bois says that "the problem of the twentieth century is the problem of the color line," such a statement clearly recognizes the significance of the issue of racial identity, a cultural phenomenon called 'passing.' Both Johnson in The Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man and Larsen in Passing confront this issue. Both novels, using the metaphor of passing, not only trace the racial anxiety and race politics of the time but also expose the unstable landscape of the established social and cultural boundaries of racial identity. Mapping out multiple meanings and various dimensions of passing, this paper argues how Johnson's and Larsen's narratives display the ambivalence of color line while they at the same time complicate, problematize, and destabilize the mainstream racial boundaries and differences. It furthers to delineate how the two writers, with difference, deal with the problem of passing, the significance of racial identity, and black middle class values along with its intraracial differences. Rather than draw a clear definition of and a definitive closure on passing narrative, this paper focuses on its complexities and undecidability, challenging every dimension of its established significations. It also explores the complex dynamic between passing act and individual identity, for passing here is not just a racially signified term but extends its significance to the other factors of identity, such as class and even sexuality. Johnson and Larsen open up a site for a newly emergent, modern racial identity for black middle class in the twentieth century American urban spaces. Both writers, illuminating the subversive and slippery nature of language in their passing narrative, clearly herald new, different forms of Afro-American writings and themes for the different century they face.

• 디자인학연구
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• 18호
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• pp.153-162
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• 1996

지하공간은 방위감각의 상실에서 오는 위치적 제한으로 인공적 표지환경에 의해 위치 및 행동방향을 결정해야 하는 부정적 환경요소가 많다. 따라서 시각언어로서의 환경그래픽이 대중적 표지기능을 갖기 위해서는 상징적 의미의 기호이론에서 연구되어야 하나 안목의 활용형태가 반복되고 지하철 관리체계의 다원화로 체계적 관리가 소홀하여 시각언어로서의 의미를 잃어가고 있다. 연구의 결과, 형태의 원인으로서 제공되는 시각적 지하 환경요소는 시각언어의 Communication 측면을 충분히 고려한 연구의 기초 위에서 도입, 관리되어야 한다고 보며, 따라서 지하 환경그래픽을 행태 유도 적 표지기능의 기호현상으로 볼 때 통사론적 기호현상과 은유적 표현으로서 화용 론, 활용형태로서의 의미론의 관점에서 연구되어야한다. 특히 색채언어, 형채 언어 등 시각적 환경요소가 내포적 의미의 보편적 표지기능이 되기 위해서는 뚜렷이 구분되는 시각언어가 활용되어야 한다.

• 복식
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• 제58권7호
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• pp.13-30
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• 2008

Visual language is 'a form of communication without text'. Visual language is one of the strongest methods to spread knowledge. Uniforms could be interpreted as a symbolic language that establishes order in this complicated modern society by placing identity and responsibility on each members of various different organizations. In light of the above, the purpose of this research paper will be to analyze police uniforms of U.S.A, Great Britain, Italy, France and Korea as a form of visual language and interpreting them in terms of visual design in order to understand the fundamental ideas behind the designs and the effective applications thereof. Upon analysis of traffic police uniforms of each individual county mentioned above by separating each uniform's distinctive design, pattern, color, material and decoration based on visual factor, three characteristics of authority, dynamic functionality and friendliness were derived from comparing and analyzing each country's distinctive uniform design. The traditional unique role of police in our society was to maintain social order as their nature inherently possesses characteristic of authority and preservation, but has since undergone transition in many countries to appeal to the broader public by incorporating friendliness and dynamic functionality. Analyzing police uniforms in terms of visual linguistic sense requires a much more profound process of understanding beyond simple interpretation of configurative shapes. In conclusion, the true purpose of uniforms is to include and portray images of mankind's desire toward expressing ideas like 'mankind's bias toward existence beyond theirselves and the exercise of force through authority' and materializing such ideas into a physical form.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.8-16
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• 2024

Communication with the deaf has always been crucial. Deaf and hard-of-hearing persons can now express their thoughts and opinions to teachers through sign language, which has become a universal language and a very effective tool. This helps to improve their education. This facilitates and simplifies the referral procedure between them and the teachers. There are various bodily movements used in sign language, including those of arms, legs, and face. Pure expressiveness, proximity, and shared interests are examples of nonverbal physical communication that is distinct from gestures that convey a particular message. The meanings of gestures vary depending on your social or cultural background and are quite unique. Sign language prediction recognition is a highly popular and Research is ongoing in this area, and the SVM has shown value. Research in a number of fields where SVMs struggle has encouraged the development of numerous applications, such as SVM for enormous data sets, SVM for multi-classification, and SVM for unbalanced data sets.Without a precise diagnosis of the signs, right control measures cannot be applied when they are needed. One of the methods that is frequently utilized for the identification and categorization of sign languages is image processing. African Buffalo Optimization using Support Vector Machine (ABO+SVM) classification technology is used in this work to help identify and categorize peoples' sign languages. Segmentation by K-means clustering is used to first identify the sign region, after which color and texture features are extracted. The accuracy, sensitivity, Precision, specificity, and F1-score of the proposed system African Buffalo Optimization using Support Vector Machine (ABOSVM) are validated against the existing classifiers SVM, CNN, and PSO+ANN.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.339-348
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• 2006

The present paper described the relationship between dental anxiety and main colors of elementary student's drawing of dentists. This paper is based on the survey with 555 samples were chosen from a first, second and third grade students of the elementary school located in Chilgok-gun Gyeongsangbuk-do. During the survey, students were asked to picture a dentist by using 12 colors crayon randomly. And the survey result was summarized in three categories. Those are the main color(most frequently used color) distribution in the children's drawings, ratio differences of the main color in terms of gender and the anxiety score for the each color. 1. The order of main colors was blue, white, green, gray, yellow, purple, ocher yellow, orange, pink, red, black and brown from the top to bottom. 2. The main colors distribution in terms of gender, male mostly used green and black compare to female, and female mostly used pink, yellow and white compare to male(p<0.01). 3. The order of the anxiety score for main colors is black, brown, red, yellow, pink, orange, green, white, gray, blue, purple and ocher yellow form the top to bottom(p<0.01).