• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송공학회 2009년도 IWAIT
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• pp.838-841
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• 2009

This paper proposes a novel lossless coding scheme for Bayer color filter array (CFA) images which are generally used as internal data of color digital cameras having a single image sensor. The scheme employs a block-adaptive prediction method to exploit spatial and spectral correlations in local areas containing different color signals. In order to allow adaptive prediction suitable for the respective color signals, four kinds of linear predictors which correspond to 2 ${\times}$ 2 samples of Bayer CFA are simultaneously switched block-by-block. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme outperforms other state-of-the-art lossless coding schemes in terms of coding efficiency for Bayer CFA images.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제33권5_1호
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• pp.495-506
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• 2017

본 연구는 동일 촬영시기 정사영상에 대한 색상보정을 효과적으로 수행하기 위하여 실시되었다. 이를 위하여, 인접 영상 간 상대적인 지상좌표 위치오차를 분석하였다. 위치오차를 저감시키기 위한 방법으로 block sum 방법을 제시하였다. 각각 block sum 크기에 따라 결정된 회귀계수를 이용하여 상대색상보정을 수행하였다. 그 결과 시각적으로 상대색상보정이 잘 수행되었음을 확인하였다. 정량적인 분석은 히스토그램 유사성 분석을 통해 수행되었다. 이로부터 block sum 방법이 상대색상보정에 유용함이 증명되었다. 특히 상대적인 지상좌표 위치오차의 양에 따라 block sum 크기의 선정이 매우 중요한 것으로 나타났다. 위치오차가 클수록 높은 크기에서의 block sum 적용이 유용한 것으로 확인되었다.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.185-190
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• 2010

In this paper we propose the CBIR algorithm which is based on a novel image block method that combined both color and edge feature. The main drawback of global histogram representation is dependent of the color without spatial or shape information, a new image block method that divided the image to 8 related blocks which contained more information of the image is utilized to extract image feature. Based on these 8 blocks, histogram equalization and edge detection techniques are also used for image retrieval. The experimental results show that the proposed image block method has better ability of characterizing the image contents than traditional block method and can perform the retrieval system efficiently.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 영상의 블록 분류 특성에 적응적인 대표 컬러 히스토그램 (representative color histogram)과 방향성 패턴 히스토그램 (directional pattern histogram)을 이용한 새로운 내용 기반 영상 검색 방법 (content-based image retrieval)을 제안한다. 제안한 방법에서는 영상을 일정한 크기의 블록으로 나누고, 분할된 블록의 분류 특성에 따라 컬러와 패턴 특징 벡터를 추출한다. 먼저 분할된 블록을 채도 (saturation)에 따라 휘도 블록 또는 컬러 블록으로 분류한 후, 휘도 블록에 대해서는 블록 평균휘도 쌍의 히스토그램을 구하고, 컬러 블록에 대해서는 블록 평균 컬러 쌍 히스토그램을 구함으로써 블록 분류 특징에 따라 컬러 특징 벡터를 추출한다. 또한 블록 휘도 변화의 기울기 (gradient)를 계산하여 방향성 분류를 행한 후 히스토그램을 계산함으로써 블록 방향성 패턴 특징을 추출한다. 본 논문에서 제안한 영상 검색 방법의 성능을 평가하기 위해서 컴퓨터 모의실험을 행한 결과 제안한 방법이 기존의 방법들보다 정확도 (precision) 및 특징 벡터 차원 (feature vector dimension) 크기 등의 객관적인 측면에서 우수함을 확인하였다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제27권6C호
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• pp.610-618
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 질러 공간과 블록영역 정보에 기반한 새로운 화상검색 방법을 제시한다. 각 화상에 대한 컬러 공간 정보는 컬러 이진세트에 의해 구해지고 블록영역 정보는 영역 세그멘테이션에 의해서 구해진다. 화상 검색 과정에서, 질의 화상과 데이터베이스 화상들의 컬러 및 화상 이진세트들을 비교하여 검색될 후보 화상의 집합을 결정한다. 특히, 유사도 측정 시 컬러 공간 분포와 객체의 블록영역 특징에 가중치를 고려한 검색이 가능하도록 하였다. 제안된 방법을 구현하고 6,000개의 화상들로 이루어진 화상 데이터베이스에 대해 적용함으로써 컬러 공간 및 블록영역특징을 이용한 화상 검색이 매우 효과적임을 보였다.

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송공학회 1995년도 학술대회
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• pp.83-86
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• 1995

Many image display devices allow only a limited number of colors to be simultaneously displayed. In displaying of natural color image using color palette, it is necessary to construct an optimal color palette and map each pixel of the original image to a color palette with fast. In this paper, we proposed the clustering algorithm using local region block centered one color cluster in the prequantized 3-D histogram. Cluster pairs which have the least distortion error are merged by considering distortion measure. The clustering process is continued until to obtain the desired number of colors. Same as the clustering process, original color image is mapped to palette color via a local region block centering around prequantized original color value. The proposed algorithm incorporated with a spatial activity weighting value which is smoothing region. The method produces high quality display images and considerably reduces computation time.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.219-224
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• 2011

Purpose: The current study focused on investigating color change of dental zirconia block with respect to the block coloring time. Methods: Three types of dental zirconia blocks(Zirtooth, Pearl-HT, D-Max) were tinted with coloring agent under four different time condition (0 minutes, 1 minutes, 10 minutes, 30 minutes). The quantitative evaluation of the tinted dental zirconia blocks was conducted with spectrophotometer. Results: The Zirtooth and D-Max blocks showed lower H value. The Pearl-HT blocks showed poor reflectivity(L value). Conclusion: The study of color change of zirconia block, which consists the substructure of all ceramic Crown, is applicable for deciding appropriate coloring condition when fabricating one layer ceramic Crown or double layer ceramic Crown.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.248-253
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• 2008

In this paper, a novel vehicle detection algorithm is proposed that utilizes the color histogram of the image. The color histogram is used to search the image for regions with shadow, block symmetry, and block non-homogeneity, thereby detecting the vehicle region. First, an integral histogram of the input image is computed to decrease the amount of required computation time for the block color histograms. Then, shadow detection is performed and the block symmetry and block non-homogeneity are checked in a cascade manner to detect the vehicle in the image. Finally, the proposed scheme is applied to both still images taken in a parking lot and an on-road video sequence to demonstrate its effectiveness.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 학술대회 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.9-11
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• 2005

We propose a new content-based image retrieval using a block color co-occurrence matrix (BCCM) and pattern correlogram. In the proposed method, the color feature vectors are extracted by using BCCM that represents the probability of the co-occurrence of two mean colors within blocks. Also the pattern feature vectors are extracted by using pattern correlogram which is combined with spatial correlation of pattern. In the proposed pattern correlogram method. after block-divided image is classified into 48 patterns with respect to the change of the RGB color of the image, joint probability between the same pattern from the surrounding blocks existing at the fixed distance and the center pattern is calculated. Experimental results show that the proposed method can outperform the conventional methods as regards the precision and the size of the feature vector dimension.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.116-125
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• 2018

Color shade variation was investigated in zirconia dental blocks, prepared using commercial powders. As a reference color-shade block we used the color indexes of A2, A3.5, A4 and B3, according to the VITA classical color scale. The zirconia powders for color shade blocks showed colors of white, yellow, pink and grey, respectively, after firing at $1530^{\circ}C$. The zirconia powders were mixed according to the recipe of color shade blocks and shaped at lower pressure using a uniaxial hydrostatic press. The shaped sample was inserted into a vinyl pack and sealed in a vacuum form machine. The shaped block samples were reshaped at 450 bar using an isostatic cold press and fired at $1530^{\circ}C$ for three hours. In order to investigate the atmospheric color variation with firing temperature, the A2, A3.5, A4 and B3 sintered blocks were fired between $700^{\circ}C$ and $1300^{\circ}C$ under controlled atmosphere of $pN_2$ and $pO_2$. The surface color picture was taken using a smart phone camera and compared with the results obtained using the VITA classical color scale. Quantitative color index value, CIELAB, was measured using a color-meter. Above $800^{\circ}C$, the color darkness greatly increased with the increase of the reduction temperature and keeping time.