• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.254-269
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• 2015

Objectives This study aimed to observe the effect of Taeumjowi-tang on the cisplatin-induced gastrointestinal dysfunctions in rats. Methods Four groups, each of 8 rats per group, were used in this study. Saline and distilled water treated control rats were intact vehicle control group. Delayed gastrointestinal motility was induced by intraperitoneal treatment of cisplatin 2mg/kg, once a week for 5 weeks(Cisplatin control group). Taeumjowi-tang aqueous extracts(TJ) were orally administered in a volume of 5ml/kg, once a day for 14 days from 4th cisplatin treatment(TJ group). Ondansetron 1mg/kg was subcutaneously treated, in a volume of 1ml/kg, as same as TJ(ondansetron group). We measured the body weights, intestinal charcoal transit ratio, fecal parameters, fundus MDA(malondialdehyde), GSH(glutathione) contents and SOD(superoxide dismutase), CAT(catalase) activities, TPH(tryptophanhydroxylase) and MAO(monoamine oxidase) activities, pyloric gastrin and serotonin contents with their immunoreactive cells, colonic serotonin-immunoreactive cells, the histopathology of pylorus, fundus mucosa and colon. Results 1) The body weight gains, the small intestinal charcoal transfer rates, the fecal parameters(numbers, weights and water contents) were increased in TJ, ondansetron group. 2) The inhibit of fundus antioxidant defense systems by cisplatin were decreased in TJ, ondansetron group. 3) The pyloric TPH activities were increased and the pyloric MAO activities were decreased in TJ group. 4) The pyloric gastric contents and the gastrin-immunoreactive cells were increased and the pyloric serotonin contents and the pyloric and colonic serotonin-immunoreactive cells were decreased in TJ group. 5) The pylorus atrophic changes and the gastric surface erosive damage regions by cisplatin were favorably inhibited by treatment of TJ group. Conclusions The results obtained in this study suggest that TJ favorably retarded the cisplatin related GI(gastrointestinal) dysfunctions and constipation through modulations of GI enterochromaffin cells, serotonin and gastrin-producing cells and antioxidative systems.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.672-678
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• 2012

Colitis and constipation are the most common intestinal complaints worldwide. This study examined the beneficial effects of sea cucumber powder for TNBS-induced colitis in ICR mice(n=6/group) and loperamide-induced constipation in rats(n=8/group). Animals were divided into normal and four dried see cucumber treated groups that were named Nor, Con(0 mg/kg), GI(30 mg/kg), GII(100 mg/kg) and GIII(300 mg/kg). In order to induce colitis and constipation, 5% TNBS was injected into distal colon and loperamide (2 mg/kg, twice a day, peroral) was treated for 5 day in the four experimental groups but not the normal group. Gross finding score was decreased tendency by oral administration of sea cucumber in colitis-induced animal model, but colonic weight was not different. Excreted fecal pellet number, weight and water content were increased in the sea cucumber-treated group compared to the non-treated group. The fecal pellet number was reduced within distal colon of the sea cucumber-treated groups. Interestingly, intestinal transit length was increased compared to the non-treated group. Our results demonstrated that colitis and constipation were improved by sea cucumber treatment in the animal models. Specifically, gross finding score in TNBS-induced colitis model was improved by sea cucumber. After animals being fed sea cucumber, excreted fecal number, weight, water contents, and fecal number within distal colon and colonic transit length also get better in loperamide-induced constipation model.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.640-646
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• 2018

Cassia obtusifolia L. is commonly used as medicinal foods to treat gastrointestinal disease in many countries. This study evaluated the anti-constipation effects of ethanolic extract of Cassia obtusifolia L. in rats with loperamide-induced constipation. Diffferent concentrations of ethanolic extract of Cassia obtusifolia L. (0, 10, 250, and 500 mg/kg) was administered to rat orally once daily for 3 weeks following loperamide treatment. Six-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats (N=25) were randomly divided into five groups: normal control and experimental groups and injected loperamide intraperitoneally to induce constipation in the latter four experimental groups. Following the induction of loperamide-induced constipation, a marked decrease was observed in the fecal weight and water content discharged for over 1 week and intestinal transit time while an increase was observed in the number of fecal pellets remaining in the colonic lumen as compared with the normal control group. These conditions were significantly alleviated following the administration of the two doses (250 and 500 mg/kg) of ethanolic extract of Cassia obtusifolia L. when compared to the loperamide-treated (constipation control) group. More specifically, the number of fecal pellets in the colon was 3, 5, 4, 2.8, and 1.2 in the five groups, respectively and the corresponding GIT ratio was 70.77, 56.59, 58.67, 66.81, and 72.10%, respectively. The fecal water content, transit distance, and GIT ratio in the high-dose treatment group were significantly higher than that in the medium-dose treatment group, but a significant decrease in the number of fecal pellets in the colon. In conclusion, the Cassia obtusifolia L. extract is suggested to have beneficial effects as a therapeutic and preventive strategy to alleviate constipation and to relieve the symptoms of constipation such as pain, flatulence, distention, bloating, and unpleasant taste.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2008

We investigated the combinatorial effects of different doses of dietary soy isoflavones (SI) and fructooligosaccharide (FOS) in a rat model of colon cancer. We hypothesized that increased bioavailability of SI metabolites due to dietary FOS may increase production of bioactive equol and affect colon carcinogenesis in a dose-dependent manner. Sprague-Dawley male rats were injected with 12-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) and were providec experimental diets that contained 0, 10, 50, 150, or 500 mg SI per kg of diet and 6% FOS for 12 weeks. The number of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in colonic tissues were significantly decreased in the 6% FOS-fed groups compared to the control group. Gut transit time and fecal pH were significantly lower, and fecal concentrations of bifidobacteria were increased with 6% FOS. However, dietary SI supplementation in combination with 6% dietary FOS did not affect ACF formation or COX-2 expression. Plasma equol concentrations were dose-dependently increased by supplementation of SI up to 500 mg/kg of diet. In conclusion, SI supplementation up to 500 mg/kg of diet appeared to have no additive beneficial effects in rats with chemically-induced colon cancer that were fed 6% FOS, although plasma equol was dose-dependently increased.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.343-358
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• 2013

Objectives This study aimed to observe the effect of Hyangsayangwi-tang on the cisplatin-induced gastrointestinal dysfunctions in rats. Methods Four groups(each of 8 rats per group) were used in this study. Saline and distilled water treated control rats are Intact vehicle control group. Delayed gatrointestinal mortility was induced by intraperitoneal treatment of cisplatin 2mg/kg, once a week for 5 weeks(Cisplatin control group). Hyangsayangwi-tang aqueous extracts(HY) were orally administered in a volume of 5ml/kg, once a day for 14 days from 4th ciplatin treatmernt(HY group). Ondansetron 1mg/kg was subcutaneously treated, in a volume of 1ml/kg, as same as HY(ondansetron group). We measured the body weights, intestinal charcoal transit ratio, fecal parameters, fundus MDA, GSH contents and SOD, CAT activities, TPH and MAO activities, pyloric gastrin and serotonin contents with their immunoraective cells, colonic serotonin-immunoreactive cells, the histopathology of pylorus, fundus mucosa and colon. Results and Conclusions (1) The body weight gains, the small intestinal charcoal transfer rates, the fecal parameters(numbers, weights and water contents) were increased in HY, ondansetron group. (2) The inhibit of fundus antioxidant defense systems by cisplatin were decreased in HY, ondansetron group. (3) The pyloric TPH activities were increased and the pyloric MAO activities were decreased in HY group. (4) The pyloric gastric contents and the gastrin-immunoreactive cells were increased in HY group. And the pyloric serotonin contents and the pyloric and colonic serotonin-immunoreactive cells were decreased in HY group. (5) The pyloru atrophic changes and the gastric surface erosive damage regions by cisplatin were favorably inhibited by treatment of HY. HY, a representative Soeumin prescription improve GI dysfunctions and constipation retarded by cisplatin through modulations of GI enterochromaffin cells, serotonin and gastrin-producing cells and antioxidative systems. Especially HY showed the highest favorable effects more than those of ondansetron.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.102-107
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• 2009

변비는 우리나라나 서구국가에서 가장 흔한 질환중의 하나로서 생활 습관, 식이, 육체적 활동, 스트레스등과 밀접한 관련이 있다고 한다. 그리고 가임기의 여성에서 남성보다 빈도가 높으며 그 이유는 여성호르몬에 의한 대장운동성 저하때문이라고 한다. 본 연구는 로페라미드 투여에 의한 변비 쥐에서 프로바이오틱스가 장운동과 변비에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 시행되었다. 로페라미드 투여는 쥐에서 변량은 감소시킨 대신에 변 pellet수는 증가시켰다. 변의 수분함량은 로페라미드 투여에 의하여 감소하였으나 건조 변량은 실험군간의 유의한 차이는 없었다. 따라서 로페라미드는 장 운동 감소에 의하여 변비를 유발하는 것으로 생각되었다. 프로바이오틱스의 투여는 로페라미드에 의하여 발생한 장 운동 저하와 변비를 완화시켜 주는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 보아 프로바이오틱은 로페라미드에 의한 장 운동 감소 및 변비발생을 예방 또는 치료해 줄수 있는 것으로 생각되었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.720-726
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• 2007

본 연구는 생다시마를 주성분으로 제조한 가공제품이 배변활동과 장 내용물의 대장통과시간에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 수행되었다. 만성 기능성 변비 증세를 지닌 연구대상자 32명의 자발적인 참여로 이루어졌다. 이들 연구대상자를 8명씩 4개 실험군으로 나누어 2주간 1일 3회 식간에각각의 실험물질을 섭취하도록 하였고, 6주간의 휴지기간을둔 후, 다시 2주간 동일한 실험물질을 급여하였다. Control군은 150 mL의 생수를 3회 섭취하도록 하였고, +Control군은 생수 150 mL 이외에 생약 성분의 변비약을 취침 전에 1회복용하도록 하였으며, STT군은 생다시마차를 150 mL에 타서 3회 음용하도록 하였고, STB군은 150 mL로 포장된 생다시마음료를 섭취하도록 하였다. 총 대장통과시간 측정은 방사능 비투과성 표지자($Kolomark^{TM}$)를 3일간 매일 아침에 섭취하도록 한 후 4일째에 단순 복부 엑스선 촬영을 하여구하였다. 본 실험결과, 연구대상자 스스로 판정한 자신의 배변활동은 생다시마차의 섭취로 변비가 개선되었다. 1차 실험에서 생다시마차의 섭취는 배변횟수증가, 배변시 힘주기 강도, 배변량 증가, 잔변감의 감소 및 주요 배변 시간대의개선 등 유의성 있는 효과를 보였다. 2차 실험에서는 비록 구체적 항목에서는 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았지만 배변활동의 평균 점수가 유의하게 낮아져 역시 배변활동 개선효과를 나타내었다. 생다시마차의 배변활동 개선 효과는 생약제재의 변비약을 복용한 효과와 거의 같았다. 이외의 배변활동 항목인 대변의 굳기, 배변시 힘주기 및 배변 소요시간에 있어서도, 유의성은 없었으나 개선의 추세를 보였다. 이러한 점으로 미루어 생다시마차가 생다시마 음료에 비해 변비 개선 효능이 좀 더 낮다고 판단된다. 방사선 비투과성 표지자의 총 대장통과시간은 +Control군만 1차와 2차 실험모두에서 유의하게 감소되었다. 이는 예상했던 결과와 같으며 시중에서 판매되는 식이섬유를 주성분으로 하는 변비약이 결장의 운동기능을 향상시켜 장 내용물의 대장통과시간을 단축시킨 것이라고 해석된다. Control군은 1차 실험에서는 +Control군과 근사한 정도로 총 대장통과시간을 단축하는 효과를 보였으나 2차 실험에서는 아무런 효과도 보이지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 생수의 음용 시 온도가 1차와 2차실험 간에 달랐기 때문이 아닌가 추측된다. 본 실험결과로 미루어 볼 때 하루에 3회씩 냉장온도의 생수를 150 mL씩 섭취하는 것은 결장의 운동기능을 향상시키는 효과가 시판되는 변비약과 비슷한 정도라고 해석된다. 예상과는 달리 STT군과 STB군에서는 총 대장통과시간이 감소하는 경향은 보였으나 유의성은 없었다. 이는 배변활동이 개선되었다고 응답한 결과와 일치하지 않았다. 그러나 대장통과시간의측정 방법이 갖는 제한점을 생각할 때 생다시마차와 생다시마 음료의 동 개선 효능은 인정된다. 생다시마차나 생다시마 음료도 1차 실험 때에는 차가운 상태로 음용했는바 차가운생수만큼 총 대장통과시간의 단축 효과가 나타나지 않은 점은 본 연구결과만으로는 해석하기 어렵다. 아마도 생수와 여러 물질의 혼합용액의 온도가 장에 끼치는 자극에 차이가 있지 않나 추측되며 이에 관한 추후 연구가 요망된다. 총대장통과시간의 단축은 결장 분절 모두에서 줄어들어 나타났으나 좌측결장 통과시간의 감소 및 이로 인한 이 부위의 통과시간 비율의 저하가 가장 주요하였다. 이러한 결과는 차가운 생수 섭취가 주로 결장 근위부를 자극하는 효과를 발휘하는 것이 아닌가 해석된다. 이와 같은 연구결과를 통해 생다시마를 주원료로 개발된 생다시마차와 생다시마 음료가 만성 기능성 변비 증세를 개선하는 효능이 잠재적으로 있음을 확인하였다. 그러나 생약제재의 변비약 수준으로 변비 개선 효능을 증대하기 위해서는 재료 배합비의 개선이나 대장 운동기능을 향상시키는 유효성분의 보강 등이 필요하다는 점도 알 수 있었다.