• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.157-167
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• 2011

Although vehicles become more intelligent for convenience and safety of drivers, traffic accidents are increased more and more. Especially, car-to-car single rear impacts in the urban area are increased rapidly because of driver inattention. To prevent rear impacts in the urban area, commercial automobile vendor applies the low-speed short-distance collision warning system. This paper presents low-speed short-distance collision warning algorithm for the city driving by using sensor fusion of laser sensor and ultrasonic sensor. An experiment using embedded microprocessor in the driving track was used to demonstrate the feasibility of the collision warning algorithm.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.333-338
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 선박충돌사고의 주요한 원인이 되는 인적운항과실의 감소 및 효과적인 선박충돌회피를 지원하기 위해 새로이 제안된 '속력을 고려한 선박충돌회피지원 모델'을 기반으로 한 선박충돌회피지원 프로그램 개발에 관하여 연구하였다. 이 프로그램은 선행 연구에서 고려되지 않은 상대선박의 속력이 고려되었으며, 자선의 선회특성을 이용하여 상대선박의 침로, 속도에 대한 충돌회피 가능영역과 방법을 표시함으로써, 근접상황에서도 효과적인 충돌회피 조종을 지원할 것이다.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1999

During the last 10 years, the various type of high speed craft have been greatly developed, and since around of 1990 the large size of high speed passenger and/or cargo vessels are also introduced and took into the service in the various routes over the world. In a marine traffic way some bridge need to build across a rivers, cannals or a waterways. This one will be an obstruction and potential risk of collision in the way of high speed craft. Accordingly some of collision accident have been reported, which were caused by a lost control, wind and hydrodynamic forces, fog or human errors. In this paper a high speed craft having 40 m length is assumed to be collided with a circular type of bridge piers at right angle. The mode of deformation, penetration depth of collapse, impact forces, reduction of speed, loss of kinetic energy, and influence of scantlings, etc. have been calculated in each speed with a time variation to find a maximum values within a limit, and are graphically presented.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.593-599
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• 2016

인천대교는 인천국제공항과 송도국제도시를 연결하는 길이 13.38 km, 경간 800 m의 대형 교량으로 시간당 73.8(vessel/hour)척의 선박이 통항하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 인천대교 건설 시 설계되었던 인천대교 충돌방지공의 안전기준을 바탕으로 인천대교를 통항하는 선박의 중량에 따른 안전한 통항 속력을 제시하고자 한다. 연구방법은 AASHTO LRFD에서 제시한 선박 충돌에너지와, 선박 충돌 속도, 수리동적질량계수를 고려하여 통항 선박의 안전 속력을 제시하고자 한다. 인천대교의 충돌방지공은 10만DWT급 선박이 10노트로 통항 할 수 있도록 설계되었다. 본 연구에서는 대상선박(30만DWT급)의 선속조건 및 화물 상태의 비교 분석을 통하여 각각의 충돌에너지에 따른 제한 속력을 산정하는 방식으로 통항 선박의 안전 속력을 제시하였다. 또한 해당 수역의 조위에 따른 통항 선박의 안전 속력을 추가적으로 분석하였다. 대상선박(30만DWT급)을 통한 연구 결과 최대 15만DWT급 선박이 평균조위 이상의 수심에서 최대 7노트 속력으로 운항이 가능한 것으로 나타났으며, 경하상태(Ballast condition)에서는 최대 8노트의 속력으로 인천대교를 통항할 수 있는 것으로 분석되었다.

• 전자공학회논문지A
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• 제31A권5호
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• pp.10-17
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• 1994

Two protocols inclouding the receiver collision avoidance function are proposed for high-speed optical fiber LANs with finite users. The basic idea to avoid receiver collision is the grouping of destination nodes by the number of channels and it is accomplished in the architecture with or without one separate control channel. While the protocol with a control channel requires a tunable optical transmitter, a fixed optical transmitter and two fixed optical receiver, the other protocol requires a tunable optical transmitter and one fixed optical receiver. The performance of two receiver collision avoidance protocols is computed and analyzed under various system parameters. The numerical results show that the receiver collision avoidance protocol has better performance for a small load than the protocol without receiver collision avoidance.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.686-693
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• 2003

An intensive study was conducted for crashworthiness structural design of recently developed Korean High Speed Train. Two nam design concepts are setup to protect the both crews and passengers from serious injury at heavy collision accidents, and to reduce damages of the train itself at light collision accidents. For occupant protection a collision against a movable 15 tons rigid obstacle at 110 kph and a train-to-train collision at 30 kph were selected as accident scenarios for the heavy collisions based on the train accident investigations. A train-to-train collision at 8 kph was used for the light collisions. The crashworthiness behaviors of KHST have been evaluated numerically using the finite element method. Also, one-dimensional collision analyses show good crashworthy responses in a full rake consist and 3-dimensional shell element analyses do in the front-end structures of the power car. Occupant analyses and sled tests demonstrated that KHST performs well enough to protect occupants under the considered accident scenarios.

• Journal of Ship and Ocean Technology
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.36-44
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• 2001

The collision energy absorbing characteristics of side structure of the LNG carriers which have the cargo containment systems of the spherical and the membrane types are compared. A failure mechanism of the double hull side structures of 130, 000 $m^3$ class LNG carriers under sideways collision event has been simulated by using the detailed finite element calculations. In ship collision analysis, the finite element method based on explicit time integration has been use[1 with much success. Finite element modeling techniques for detail description of structural members antral ship motion regarding the dynamic behavior allowed to investigate the effect of bow shape and the initial contact position on side shell of collided ship. In the numerical simulations of the ship-to-ship sideways collision, the effect of the colliding bow shapes and the change of the colliding ship draft are investigated. The critical collision energy which is absorbed by a side structure of a collided ship until the fore-end of colliding ship arrives at the boundary of the cargo tank is calculated. The critical speed of specified colliding ships which can not penetrate the boundary of the LNG cargo tank of the collided ship under collision accident if evaluated.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.23-30
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• 2019

Five key items were used to create an economical and physically small impact test device for concrete panels subject to high speed collision: an air-compressive system, carbon steel pipe, solenoid valve, carrier and carrier-blocking, and velocity measurement device. The impact test device developed can launch a 20 mm steel spherical projectile at over 200 m/s with measured impact and/or residual velocity. Purpose for development was to conduct preliminary materials tests, prior to large-scale collision experiments. In this paper, the design process of the small impact test device was discussed in detail.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.95-99
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 충돌문제에 있어서 비교적 높은 활용도를 지니고 있는 범용 유한요소해석코드 LS-DYNA3D를 사용해 판부재에 충돌체가 충돌하는 경우, 내충돌성을 평가하였다. 속도가 41.56m／s-118.9m／s로 비교적 고속인 충돌문제부터 속도가 544.05m／s-800m／s인 초고속 충돌문제까지 시리즈 해석을 하였다. 이를 통해 판부재에 다양한 속도의 충돌체가 충돌하는 경우에 있어 피충돌체의 관통 유무를 평가할 수 있는 경험식을 구하고자 한다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.55-63
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• 2003

The traffic accident is the prerequisite of the traffic accident reconstruction. In this study, the traffic accident (forward collision) and traffic accident reconstruction (inverse collision) simulations are conducted to improve the quality and accuracy of the traffic accident reconstruction. The vehicle and tire models are used to simulate the trajectories for the post-impact motion of the vehicles after collision. The impact dynamic model applicable to the forward and inverse collision simulations is also provided. The accuracy of impact analysis for the vehicular collision depends on the accuracy of the coefficients of restitution and friction. The neural network is used to estimate these coefficients. The forward and inverse collision simulations for the multi-collisions are conducted. The new method fur the accident reconstruction is proposed to calculate the pre-impact velocities of the vehicles without using the trial and error process which requires the repeated calculations of the initial velocities until the forward collision simulation satisfies with the accident evidences. This method estimates the pre-impact velocities of the vehicles by analyzing the trajectories of the vehicles. The vehicle slides on a road surface not only under the skidding during an emergency braking but also under the steering. A vehicle over steering or cornering with excessive speed loses the traction and leaves tile yaw marks on the road surface. The new critical speed formula based on the vehicle dynamics is proposed to analyze the yaw marks and shows smaller errors than ones of the existing critical speed formula.