• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.421-434
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• 2004

Cognitively Guided Instruction (CGI) is one of the most successful professional development programs for elementary mathematics teachers in US. This article introduces its theoretical background, research-based framework of addition and subtraction work, and how the program has been disseminated. Carpenter and Fennema started CGI aiming to develop a professional development program that focused on research knowledge of children"s thinking. Their goal was. to bring a significant change in teaching by helping teachers understand how children think mathematically. This 3-year NSF funded project grew to be 11-year long, and a number of publications have reported consistent successful learning and teaching by CGI students and teachers compared to counterparts throughout US. CGI′s success by focusing on improving teachers′ knowledge of children′s thinking offers possible opportunities for teacher educators to re-conceptualize teacher education in Korea.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.127-141
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• 2007

This paper compares and analyzes mathematics teachers' understanding of students' mathematical comprehension after experiences with the Cognitively Guided Instruction (CGI) or the Development of Mathematical Ideas (DMI) teaching strategies. This report sheds light on current issues confronted by the educational system in the context of mathematics teaching and learning. In particular, the declining rate of mathematical literacy among adolescents is discussed. Moreover, examples of CGI and DMI teaching strategies are presented to focus on the impact of these teaching styles on student-centered instruction, teachers' belief, and students' mathematical achievement, conceptual understanding and word problem solving skills. Hence, with a gradual enhancement of reformed ways of teaching mathematics in schools and the reported increase in student achievement as a result of professional development with new teaching strategies, teacher professional development programs that emphasize teachers' understanding of students' mathematical comprehension is needed rather than the currently dominant traditional pedagogy of direct instruction with a focus on teaching problem solving strategies.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2005

This paper investigates instructional strategies with potential for improving students' achievement in word problem solving. This review compares and analyzes the direct instruction (DI) and cognitively guided instruction (CGI) research on K-3 word problem solving mathematics students in a demonstration of my position that teachers need to understand student mathematical thinking to enhance students' achievement in word problem solving. CGI provides a more appropriate instructional model than DI for teaching word problem solving. For example, student-centered, conceptual understanding, and children's informal or invented problem solving strategies communicating with each other mathematically, etc. Korean teachers and teacher educators need to consider implementing CGI teaching strategies.

• 한국초등수학교육학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.127-150
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• 2006

본 연구는 CGI의 원리를 우리나라 초등학교 교실 수학 수업에 적용해 보고, 학습자의 사고와 행동 특성, 교사가 느끼는 긍정적인 점과 어려운 점을 분석하였다. 연구를 위해 3학년 한 학급 학생들을 대상으로 수업을 한 결과, 첫째, CGI의 원리를 적용한 수학 수업은 학생들에게 자신이 알고 있는 수학적 지식에 대하여 의사소통 할 기회를 제공해 주며, 둘째, 학생들이 수학적으로 사고할 수 있게 하고, 셋째, 이런 수업을 위해 교사는 알맞은 분위기를 만들어 주어야 한다는 결론을 내릴 수 있었다.