• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.229-237
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• 2021

Among the elderly and patients with mild brain diseases (such as dementia and stroke), when there is a certain degree of self-acting ability and cognitive ability, exercise and cognitive rehabilitation are often required. However, since most of the existing rehabilitation systems are separated or specialized in exercise or cognitive rehabilitation, there is a need for a form linking both. In this paper, we propose a game-type rehabilitation system that enables both exercise and cognitive rehabilitation using CAN communication protocol, one of ICT technologies. This system uses the CAN BUS structure to separate and combine each individual module constituting the rehabilitation system in various forms. A prototype of the proposed system was actually produced to show that various types of rehabilitation environments can be implemented according to the degree of cognitive ability and motor ability of the patient (or the elderly). In addition, through several experiments using this system, it is possible to implement exercise/cognitive parallel rehabilitation applicable to various environments.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.197-202
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• 2014

The cognitive rehabilitation training is important for treating many cognitive impairment conditions, including Parkinson's disease, stroke, and ADHD. In this study, we developed a new evaluation system to improve the measurement of the conventional evaluation systems for cognitive rehabilitation training. The developed system measured the activity of dopamine(DA) and an autonomic nervous system(ANS) with photoplethysmography and electromyography. The results demonstrated that the cognitive capacity was increased but the activity of DA was decreased with unbalanced ANS by short-term stress. Based on the results, the effect of short-term stress should be recognized for the cognitive rehabilitation training.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.571-578
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• 2022

Objective: Cognitive-motor trainings had a positive impact on cognitive function and dual-task trainings led to improvements of global cognitive function. The brain activity of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is another indicator that can infer cognitive function. This study aims to confirm the usability of the interactive system cognitive-motor training program and the changes in the prefrontal cortex through training. Design: Cross-sectional study Methods: In this study, two cognitive tasks were randomly applied to 20 adults as cognitive-motor training using an interactive system, and the same task was performed using the original method. During all tasks, the brain activity of the prefrontal cortex was measured by the change in oxyhemoglobin (HbO) in real-time using Functional Near-Infrastructure. After performing the tasks, the usability of the developed interactive system was evaluated by a usability questionnaire which consists of five items, and each item consists of a 7-point Likert scale that responds from 1 point to 7 points. Results: The HbO levels were increased during cognitive task performance than at the resting phase. And evaluating the usefulness of the interactive system, a questionnaire result showed that it would be useful for cognitive-motor programs. Conclusions: The cognitive-motor training using the interactive system increased the activity of the prefrontal cortex, and the developed wearable sensor-based interactive system confirmed its usefulness.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.193-198
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analysis of effectiveness between cognitive function assessment scores and gaming cognitive rehabilitation system in children with intellectual impairment. Methods: Five children (male=5, $age=10.00{\pm}0.80$) with intellectual impairment participated in this study and were randomly assigned to the experiment that played (received) gaming cognitive rehabilitation system (Neuroworld). The children were applied 2 times a week for 30 minutes during 3 months. The children were assessed K-WSIC-VI (Korean-Wechsler intelligence scale for children-fourth edition) and recorded that gained score in gaming cognitive rehabilitation system before and after intervention. K-WSIC-VI contained five primary index scores: verbal comprehension index, visual spatial index, fluid reasoning index, working memory index, and processing speed index. Gaming cognitive rehabilitation system scoring was composed visual recall, target recall, sequence recall, selective attention, continuous attention, and exploration. Results: In the intelligence quotient (IQ) of K-WSIC-VI, there were significant increased in all children. The visual recall item was highest effective in all children. However, sequential recall showed the lowest improvement in all children. The performance speed of selective attention item was decreased, this means that children's skills have improved. Also, their ability to explore has improved significantly. Conclusion: In conclusion, gaming cognitive rehabilitation system was significant effectiveness in cognitive function in some categories for children with intellectual impairment. However, the visual recall and performance speed don't represent of all cognitive function. Therefore, further studies will need to verify by applying more subject and longer duration.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.306-313
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• 2023

Background: As social problems due to the acceleration of the aging era and the increase in the elderly population are becoming serious, virtual reality (VR)-based healthcare is emerging as an approach for preventing and managing health issues. Objects: This study used validity and reliability analyses to examine the clinical efficacy that is, the clinical value and usability of a novel VR cognitive evaluation system index that we developed. Methods: We developed a VR cognitive evaluation system based on motion recognition analysis evaluation for individuals aged 65 to 85. After conducting the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Exam (K-MMSE) cognitive evaluation, the evaluation score was verified through correlation analysis in the VR cognitive evaluation system. To verify the construct validity of the two groups, the Global Deterioration Scale (GDS) grades were categorized into a normal cognitive group (GDS grade 1) and a cognitive impairment group (GDS grades 2 and 3). The data were measured twice to determine the reliability between the two measurements and assess the stability and clinical value of the evaluation system. Results: Our evaluation system had a high correlation of 0.85 with the widely used K-MMSE cognitive evaluation. The system had strong criterion-related validity at the 95% confidence interval. Compared to the average score of GDS grade 1 in the VR cognitive evaluation system, the average score of GDS grades 2 and 3 in the VR cognitive evaluation system was statistically significantly lower while also having strong construct validity at the 95% confidence interval. To measure the reliability of the VR cognitive evaluation system, tests-retests were conducted using the intraclass correlation coefficient (3,1), which equaled 0.923 and was statistically significant. Conclusion: The VR cognitive evaluation system we developed is a valid and reliable clinical tool to distinguish between normal cognitive status and mild cognitive impairment.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.1249-1257
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• 2017

Due to the 4th industrial revolution and an aged society, many studies are being conducted to apply virtual reality to medical field. Research on dementia is especially active. This paper proposes virtual reality based on cognitive rehabilitation contents using image recognition and clustering method to improve cognitive and physical disabilities caused by dementia. Unlike the existing cognitive rehabilitation system, this paper uses travel photos that reflect the memories of the subjects to be treated. In order to generate automated cognitive rehabilitation contents, we extract face information, food pictures, place information, and time information from photographs, and normalization is performed for clustering. And we present scenarios that can be used as cognitive rehabilitation contents using travel photos in virtual reality space.

• Journal of Korean Academic Society of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.196-205
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• 2015

Purpose: This study investigated evidence for the effects of community-based cognitive rehabilitation programs for demented elderly. Methods: The literature review covered studies between 2004 and 2014, and searched international databases including Ovid-MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. The Risk of Bias Assessment Tool for Non-Randomized Studies was used by two reviewers to evaluate independently the quality of the selected articles. Results: Eighteen studies were selected through a systematic search of the literature. About three quarters of the studies showed that the community-based cognitive rehabilitation programs provided by nurses were significantly effective in enhancing cognition among elderly individuals with dementia. Conclusion: Based on these results, we suggest that nurse is an appropriate profession to manage cognitive rehabilitation or cognitive enhancement programs for demented elderly individuals. Therefore, the current system in which caregivers provide cognitive rehabilitation programs for demented elderly individuals must be reformed.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.93-98
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose a game type cognitive rehabilitation system using marker-based augmented reality system for intelligence development of user. Existing cognitive rehabilitation with the help of others, or a keyboard or mouse operation required to relieve the discomfort, the marker card only control it led and is advanced the method which it applied. As a result, obtained through the camera calibration for image processing, and a Augmented Reality as well as mark detection. In this paper we presented a complete rotation of the model after checking through the whole form, through a combination of multiple markers by completing the interactive objects proceed with the rehabilitation process in a manner required by the target of interest to human rehabilitation and treatment.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.209-214
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• 2010

In this paper, We analyzes the image along the platform (Open Eye), through prevention of dementia or stroke patients and cognitive rehabilitation for the proposed system. This way through the camera image according to user's movement gained OpenCV image processing library, which is based on motion analysis, a part of this rehabilitation is to apply to cognitive rehabilitation. Therefore, this paper proposes a new image analysis system has been exposed to the elderly or stroke patients with dementia, their hand gestures through which patients can detect the image of the cognitive rehabilitation to help them in the analysis of the image analysis system is proposed.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.186-192
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• 2021

In this paper, we evaluated prediction accuracy of Euler angle spectrograph classification method using a convolutional neural networks (CNN) for hand gesture recognition in augmented reality (AR) cognitive rehabilitation system based on Leap Motion Controller (LMC). Hand gesture recognition methods using a conventional support vector machine (SVM) show 91.3% accuracy in multiple motions. In this paper, five hand gestures ("Promise", "Bunny", "Close", "Victory", and "Thumb") are selected and measured 100 times for testing the utility of spectral classification techniques. Validation results for the five hand gestures were able to be correctly predicted 100% of the time, indicating superior recognition accuracy than those of conventional SVM methods. The hand motion recognition using CNN meant to be applied more useful to AR cognitive rehabilitation training systems based on LMC than sign language recognition using SVM.