• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.30-43
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• 2024

Purpose : Post-intensive care syndrome (PICS) is characterized by a constellation of mental health, physical, and cognitive impairments, and is recognized as a long-term sequela among survivors of intensive care units (ICUs). The objective of this study was to explore the impact of intensive care experience (ICE) on the development of PICS in individuals surviving critical care. Methods : This secondary analysis utilized data derived from a prospective, multicenter cohort study of ICU survivors. The cohort comprised 143 survivors who were enrolled between July and August 2019. The original study's participants completed the Korean version of the ICE questionnaire (K-ICEQ) within one week following discharge from the ICU. Of these, 82 individuals completed the PICS questionnaire (PICSQ) three months subsequent to discharge from hospital. The influence of ICE on the manifestation of PICS was examined through Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Result : The R² values of the final model ranged from 0.35 to 0.51, while the Q² values were all greater than 0, indicating adequacy for prediction of PICS. Notable pathways in the relationship between the four ICE dimensions and the three PICS domains included significant associations from 'ICE-awareness of surroundings' to 'PICS-cognitive', from 'ICE-recall of experience' to 'PICS-cognitive', and from 'ICE-frightening experiences' to 'PICS-mental health'. Analysis found no significant moderating effects of age or disease severity on these relationships. Additionally, gender differences were identified in the significant pathways within the model. Conclusion : Adverse ICU experiences may detrimentally impact the cognitive and mental health domains of PICS following discharge. In order to improve long-term outcomes of individuals who survive critical care, it is imperative to develop nursing interventions aimed at enhancing the ICU experience for patients.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.290-304
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• 2023

Background: Innovative Alzheimer's disease drugs received approval in the United States in 2021 and 2023. This study aims to assess the safety and efficacy of these novel treatments, elucidate their mechanisms of action, and compare their impact on cognitive function improvement with approved drugs. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search of pivotal clinical studies related to Alzheimer's disease treatments in PubMed/Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases from January 1st, 2020 to December 31st, 2022. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software. Results: A total of 14 studies were included in this systematic review. When compared to the placebo, the new drugs did not exhibit a statistically significant effect on MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination) (mean difference= -0.04, 95% confidence intervals [CIs]: -0.31, 0.23, N=3662, I²=0%). However, they demonstrated a significant impact on ADAS-cog (Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale) (standardized mean difference= -0.15, 95% CIs: -0.2, -0.1, N=6710, I²=17%). When compared to the approved drugs, the new drugs showed a statistically significantly lower effect on MMSE (test for subgroup difference Chi²=23.13, N = 5870, p<0.00001) but showed only a trend of decreased efficacy on ADAS-cog (Chi²=1.16, N = 8670, p=0.28). Conclusion: New drugs yielded diverse clinical endpoint results compared to the placebo, and in comparison to existing approved drugs, they exhibited lower efficacy in improving cognitive function. The safety profile of these new drugs, as reported in clinical trials, was generally well-tolerated.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.279-288
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to verify the impact of cognitive factors and GSR on the task performance. For this study 64 students participated. Multiple regression and repeated measures were applied to analyze the data. The result for the survey indicated that previous knowledge, physical efforts, and task difficulty had significant impacts on task performance. Particularly, task difficulty has a negative impact. This can be interpreted as someone who has high prior knowledge inputs higher physical efforts with low task difficulty perception will show high performance. On the other hand, the low arousal level of GSR in the evaluation stage is a prediction variable of task performance. This result shows that high prior knowledge and low arousal level of GSR produces high performance. However, the analysis of difference in GSR between learning and evaluation stages does not show significant difference. It suggests that physiological measure such as GSR is reliable index of cognitive load; however, it partially represents cognitive load. Other crucial factors should be added for comprehensive measures.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.11-18
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• 2018

In the Digital Transformation infrastructure at the addition to research on mental health such as depression and well-being, research on middle-aged health requires a study consisting of specific measures of cognitive health. This study used social, mental, and physical cognitive health as a sub-domain of cognitive health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the positive effects of volunteer activities on cognitive health for middle-aged women. The questionnaire survey was conducted on middle-aged women aged 40 to 59, focusing on the question "How well does cognitive health work for middle-aged women through volunteer activities?" The goal of this study is to examine the effect of volunteer activities on the cognitive health of middle-aged women and to analyze the meaning and influencing factors of volunteer activities needed to maintain the desirable life of middle-aged women and the healthy life of the elderly. The necessity to diversify and activate volunteer activities of middle-aged women was proved through the survey.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.182-190
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was done to identify effects of cognitive function and cancer coping on quality of life among women with breast cancer treated with antineoplastic agents. Methods: The study was correlational research and participants were 145 women with breast cancer who had received antineoplastic agents. Data were collected from October to November, 2015 via online replies. Cognitive function was measured with the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Cognitive Function Version-3 (FACT-Cog), cancer coping, with the Korean Cancer Coping Questionnaire (K-CCQ), and quality of life with the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast Version-4 (FACT-B). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ test, ANCOVA, Bonferroni test, partial correlation coefficient, and hierarchical multiple regression with SPSS 21. Results: Cognitive functions, total individual coping, and interpersonal coping explained 42% of quality of life. Cognitive function (${\beta}=.35$, p<.001) was the best predictor of quality of life, followed by total individual coping (${\beta}=.34$, p<.001), and interpersonal coping (${\beta}=.26$, p<.001). Conclusion: Results indicate that cognitive function and cancer coping are meaningful factors for quality of life among breast cancer survivors. Therefore when developing intervention programs for these women, content on cognitive function and coping skills as well as coping resources should be included.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.453-467
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• 2023

Purpose: This study investigated the cumulative effects of depressive symptoms on cognitive function over time in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: Data were investigated from 2,533 community-dwelling older adults who participated in the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA) from the 5th (2014) to the 8th wave (2020). The association between cumulative depressive symptoms and cognitive function was identified through multiple regression analysis. Results: When the multiple regression analysis was conducted from each wave, the current depressive symptoms scores and cognitive function scores were negatively associated, regardless of the waves (B5th = - 0.26, B6th = - 0.26, B7th = - 0.26, and B8th = - 0.27; all p < .001). Further, when all the previous depressive symptoms scores were added as explanatory variables in the 8th wave, the current one (B8th = - 0.09, p < .001) and the previous ones (B5th = - 0.11, B6th = - 0.09, and B7th = - 0.13; all p < .001) were also negatively associated with the cognitive function score. The delta R², which indicates the difference between the model's R² with and without the depressive symptoms scores, was greater in the model with all the previous and current depressive symptoms scores (6.4%) than in the model with only the current depressive symptoms score (3.6%). Conclusion: Depressive symptoms in older adults have a long-term impact. This results in an accumulated adverse effect on the cognitive function. Therefore, to prevent cognitive decline in older adults, we suggest detecting their depressive symptoms early and providing continuous intervention to reduce exposure to long-term depressive symptoms.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.479-487
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• 2019

The study sought to reveal the impact of focusing attitudes and cognitive emotion regulation on post-traumatic growth for adolescent athletes with trauma experiences. A preliminary survey was conducted on 215 middle and high school athletes in the S city and K provinces. The impact of focusing attitudes and cognitive emotion regulation on post-traumatic growth was verified using validated questionnaires. The results for the purpose and method of study are as follows. Focusing attitudes and cognitive emotion regulation of adolescent athletes affect post-traumatic growth. Positive reappraisal was the most influential factor affecting post-traumatic growth, followed by the factors influencing the aware, acceptance, accept, reflect and positive refocusing. In order to experience post-traumatic growth through the results of this study, it is important to understand the overall understanding and tactics of focusing attitudes and cognitive emotion regulation. Therefore, effective psychological training methods will be needed to positively control the level of focusing attitudes and cognitive emotion regulation among adolescent athletes.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.57-75
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to investigate relations between the congruence of parent-child beliefs and child's perceived competence. The subjects were 138 children (68 eight-year-olds and 70 eleven-year-olds) and their parents. Instruments were the modified Family Belief Interview Schedule (Alessandri & Wozniak, 1987), and Harter's Perceived Competence Scale. Data were analyzed by Pearson's product moment correlation and two-way ANOVA. There were significant differences in child's perceived cognitive competence, social competence and physical competence by degree of congruence between child's belief and maternal belief. Younger children showed a higher level of general self-worth perception while older children showed a lower level. Children who showed a high congruence of beliefs with parents perceived their competence more highly than those with low congruence. This tendency was particularly outstanding in the perception of cognitive competence, implying a positive impact of the congruence of parent-child beliefs on children's perceived cognitive competence.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.721-736
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• 2005

Parents' beliefs about what child's qualities are associated with success in school were studied among Korean and Western society communities' parents. Parents from all groups agreed that four domains of a child's characteristics(cognitive qualities, social qualities, negative temperament, and dutifulness) had the major impact on school success, either positively or negatively. Parents from all groups indicated that non cognitive qualities were important or more important than cognitive factors. Cultural differences were found in the way the qualities clustered together and in the emphasis parents placed on specific qualities or domains of qualities.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.125-142
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• 2004

Knowledge management has been increasingly recognized as important in business management context. Although knowledge management has been proposed as an enabler to reach competitive advantage, little research has considered applying knowledge to business decision-making activities, which may be the main task of enterprise management. The application of knowledge to decision-making has a more significant impact on organizational performance than mere knowledge management for operational level processing. For this purpose, the present study proposes a decision support loop based on the integration of knowledge by adopting a cognitive modeling approach. The proposed model is then discussed, in the real context of an application case.