• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.41-50
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• 2016

This paper describes the effect of a robot cognitive rehabilitation program on cognitive functions for the elderly with mild cognitive impairment, and compares it with traditional cognitive therapy programs. Three experiment groups including cognition therapy group, robot cognitive rehabilitation group, and hybrid group have been sampled and one comparative group has been organized for this research. 32 old people whose ages are between 61 and 88 with mild cognitive impairment participated in the programs with an admission of W care hospital. According to the program results, the cognitive therapy program alone had shown a positive effect on the attention function, and the robot cognitive rehabilitation program alone had a positive effect on the total intelligence and memory function. However, a simultaneous operation with both programs had shown a positive effect on the three intelligence areas such as total, basic, and management quotients as well as attention and memory functions as subsidiary factors. This paper has verified that the proposed robot cognitive rehabilitation program makes a positive effect on a cognitive function and plays a complementary role with traditional cognitive therapy programs.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate changes in cognitive functions, depression and life-satisfaction for elderly participants with mild cognitive impairments participating in an individual cognitive improvement program. Methods: A quasi-experimental with non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was implemented. The participants were senior citizens over 65 years of age who had been clinically diagnosed with mild cognitive impairments in G City and J Province (experimental group: 29, control group: 27). The experimental group participated in the individual cognitive improvement program based on Korean traditional tales and games for nine weeks. Results: After the intervention, only the participants in the experimental group reported significant improvement in K-MMSE (t=-2.5, p=.016), MoCA-K (t=-2.6, p=.008), depression (t=3.51, p=.001), and life satisfaction (t=-2.75, p=.008) when compared to those in the control group. Conclusion: These results indicated that the individual cognitive improvement program was effective in improving cognitive functions, depression, and life-satisfaction among the elderly with mild cognitive impairments. Therefore, the application of this individual cognitive improvement program developed in this study by visiting nurses may strengthen the cognitive functions of seniors with mild cognitive impairments.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.103-114
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• 2023

PURPOSE: This study compared the effects of computer-based and virtual reality-based cognitive rehabilitation programs on the cognitive function, upper limb function, activities of daily living, and their impact on the prefrontal cortex in convalescent stroke patients. METHODS: Ten recovering stroke patients were assessed for their cognitive function, upper limb function, and daily living activities using the Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Examination, the Korean version of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment, and the Korean version of the Modified Barthel Index. The prefrontal cortex activity was measured with functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy. The virtual reality-based cognitive rehabilitation group utilized a program of daily living activities delivered via a laptop and Oculus Rift. The computer-based cognitive rehabilitation group performed various cognitive tasks on an all-in-one PC. Both groups underwent cognitive rehabilitation training for 30 minutes per day, three times a week, for six weeks, with identical conventional rehabilitation therapies in the hospital. RESULTS: Both programs positively impacted the cognitive and physical functions. On the other hand, the virtual reality-based cognitive rehabilitation program had a larger influence on improving the cognitive and physical functions of convalescing stroke patients. CONCLUSION: The virtual reality program suggests its potential to enhance cognitive and physical functions in convalescent stroke patients through increased engagement, focus, real-time feedback, and game elements, making it a promising rehabilitation approach.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.49-59
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• 2016

Purpose : The study was aimed to evaluate the improvement of cognitive and hand functions after the application of a complex rehabilitation intervention program on patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia who were living a regional community from. Methods : Subjects who were living in a regional sanatorium or who were outpatients of a community health center were enrolled from 2012. 2 to 2013.2 All subjects were enforced 8 cycles of a complex rehabilitation intervention program including RON dance, physical activity using therabands, reality awareness training, space retrieval training and handicraft activities. Results : There were significant improvement in LOTCA-G cognitive function and JTHFT hand function test after the application of a complex rehabilitation intervention program. Conclusion : The result shows a significant improvement in cognitive and hand functions after the application of a complex rehabilitation intervention program in patients with MCI and dementia. Therefore the authors suggest the vast studies of the cognitive function program development and hand function vitalization by the application of a complex rehabilitation intervention program.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.4493-4501
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• 2011

This study was performed to determine the levels of MMSE-K among the elderly people affiliated with long-term care insurance services in rural areas, and to reveal its association with related variables. The interviews were performed, during the period from March 1st, to May 31th, 2009, to 410 elderlies in rural areas. As a results, The prevalence of cognitive functions among all subjects were 80.5% of severe cognitive impairment, 11.7% of mild cognitive impairment, and 7.8% of normal. The prevalence of cognitive functions were lower according to the higher grade of long-term care insurance. And the prevalence of cognitive functions were lower in the group of lower educational level, unemployed, live alone, lower monthly income, bear for living expenses by sons and daughters and medical aid, lower visual acuity, with urinary incontinence, with amnesia, without regular exercise and lower frequency of going out than their respective counterparts. The hierarchial multiple regression analysis was used to reveal the explanatory powers of factors influencing on the cognitive functions level. Such factors as age, bear for living expenses, visual acuity, urinary incontinence, amnesia, regular exercise and grade of long-term care services were significantly influenced with cognitive functions. especially the factors of health status were significantly influenced with cognitive functions.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.178-185
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• 2018

A self-report evaluation is used to prevent driving accidents by elderly drivers. The majority of normal older adults may have mild cognitive impairment with reduced cognitive function. These depressed cognitive functions may be variables that affect the performance of elderly drivers. This study confirmed the cognitive functions that affect the self-reported evaluation for elderly drivers with mild cognitive impairment. Based on the results of the Korean Version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, 103 elderly drivers were classified into mild cognitive impairment and normal groups of elderly drivers. The Korean-Drivers 65 plus scores used in the self-reported evaluation of the two groups were compared, and the cognitive functions affecting the evaluation were analyzed. Results found the mild cognitive impairment group showed a significantly lower evaluation performance compared to the normal group, and the self-reported evaluation results of the elderly driver with mild cognitive impairment showed a significant correlation between visuoconstructional skills and delayed recall. As a result of regression analysis, the visuoconstructional skill was identified as the cognitive function with the strongest influence on the self-reported evaluation performance. Delayed recall was also found to have a partial effect but not at the level of altering the self-reported evaluation results of the elderly driver with mild cognitive impairment.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.43-52
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• 2024

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of a 12-week combined cognitive and physical exercise program on cognitive and physical functions in older adults diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Design: A one-group pretest-posttest study. Methods: Twelve participants with MCI engaged in a weekly 60-minute session of combined cognitive and physical exercise program. Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), while physical function was evaluated through measures of muscle strength, postural balance, and walking capabilities. Muscle strength assessments included the arm curl test, handgrip strength, and the 5 sit-to-stand test. Postural balance was evaluated using the one-leg stance test, timed up-and-go test, functional reach test, and four square step test. Walking function was analyzed through a gait analysis device. Pre- and post-intervention measurements were compared to determine the effects of the exercise program. Results: The results demonstrated significant improvements in MoCA, arm curl test, timed up-and-go test, walking speed, and cadence following the 12-week intervention (p<0.05). MoCA scores revealed enhanced cognitive performance, while measures of muscle strength, including the arm curl test, exhibited significant changes. Improvements in timed up-and-go test scores indicated enhanced mobility, accompanied by increased walking speed and cadence, as evidenced by gait analysis. Conclusions: This study suggests that a structured 12-week program incorporating both cognitive and physical exercises can lead to meaningful improvements in cognitive and physical functions among older adults with MCI.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.107-117
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the cognitive function in the elderly and to identify the influencing factors. Methods: The design of this study was descriptive research design. A total of 139 elderly people (aged 65 years and over) visiting the electroencephalogram (EEG) center in Seoul, Korea were evaluated. Data were assessed by self-administered questionnaires and CNS Vital Signs (CNSVS). Data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics 23.0 for Windows. Results: There were significant differences in the Korean Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE), executive functions and reasoning according to education level. K-MMSE, visual memory and executive functions were different depending on the jobs. Age was highly correlated with cognitive function. In addition, stepwise multiple regression analyses showed that the factor significantly associated with reaction time and visual memory was depression. Depression and Trait-Anxiety had significant impacts on executive functions and K-MMSE. Conclusion: CNSVS enabled the accurate and objective measurement of cognitive function. Therefore, this study provides useful data to improve cognitive function of the community-dwelling elderly. The results suggested that there is need for comprehensive interventional programs that manage cognitive impairment.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.191-201
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• 2006

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the cognitive functions would be correlated with psychotic symptoms and whether antipsychotic treatments would affect the cognitive functions after 8 weeks. Methods : The thirty-five schizophrenic patients were conducted in this study. The psychopathology was measured using PANSS. The memory function, executive function, and sustained attention were measured using Memory Assessment Scale(MAS), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test(WCST), and Vigilance(VIG) and Cognitrone(COG) in Vienna Test System. After 8 weeks of antipsychotic treatment, we retested the cognitive tests. Results : 1) The cognitive tests after the 8 week's treatment showed significant improvements in memory and executive function in the schizophrenic patients. On the other side, sustained attention did not show improvement. 2) The change of PANSS were correlated with perseverative response, perseverative error and total correct in WCST at baseline. WCST scores at baseline were correlated with negative symptoms, but not positive ones. Conclusion : These study suggests that 1) the impaired sustained attention could be a vulnerability marker in schizophrenia, 2) memory & executive function deficit could be reversible after treatment, and 3) medication might have a benefit in improving the cognitive functions in schizophrenia. Furthermore, the data supports that the better premorbid executive function was, the more favorable was the treatment response in schizophrenic patients. Finally, this study indicates that executive function might be an index of treatment improvement.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2011.06a
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• pp.344-347
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose the power control problem for cognitive radio networks (CRNs) that maximizes the total utility of the secondary users (SUs). We use the interference temperature constraints to protect the primary users (PUs). The utility functions of SUs can be any increasing functions. We formulate the power control problem as monotonic optimization that can be solved in centralization to achieve the global optimum.