• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.221-229
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify correlates influencing cognitive impairment in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Methods: Study subjects consisted of 102 breast cancer patients who received chemotherapy. Subjects were the members of a breast cancer self-help group. Data were collected using structured self-reporting questionnaires including scales of cognitive impairment, physical status, fatigue, quality of life, emotional status, sleeping, family support, and menopausal symptoms. Statistical Package for Social Sciences was used for statistical analyses. Results: Breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy appeared to show a high level of cognitive impairment. Among demographic characteristics, the effects of economic status and family type on cognitive impairment were found to be statistically significant. Among disease related characteristics, the effect of duration of chemotherapy on cognitive impairment was statistically significant. Menopausal symptoms were positively associated with cognitive impairment. The model including postmenopausal symptoms and caregiver type explained about 66% of variability in cognitive impairment. Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of contextual factors in understanding cognitive impairment in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy and can be used to develop appropriate, effective nursing interventions.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.4439-4448
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• 2014

This study was conducted to extend the understanding and knowledge by examining the effect of climacteric symptoms and the cognitive function on QoL(Quality of life) of middle aged women. This study was conducted from March 2nd to March 10th, 2014. The data was collected by self-report questionnaires from 204 middle aged women. There was a significantly positive correlation between the climacteric symptoms and cognitive function. A significantly negative correlation was observed between the climacteric symptoms and QoL. The climacteric symptoms were a direct predictor and an indirect predicator of QoL mediated by the cognitive function. The study suggests that nursing intervention is needed to manage the climacteric symptoms and cognitive function for improving the QoL of middle aged women.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.176-182
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• 2011

Objectives: Previous investigations have presented some evidence of late cognitive effects in dental personnel exposed to metallic mercury. We wanted to examine if Norwegian dentists have an increased prevalence of symptoms consistent with neurological and/or cognitive malfunction. Methods: The study group consisted of 406 dentists from central Norway and 217 controls from the general population, all under the age of 70. They had responded to a standardised postal questionnaire (Euroquest) inquiring about seven symptoms in regard to neurology, psychosomatics, memory, concentration, mood, sleep disturbances, and fatigue. A score was calculated for each symptom based on 4 to 15 single questions scored on a scale from 1 (seldom or never) to 4 (very often). Results: The dentists and controls had a participation rate of 57.2 % and 42.9 % respectively. The dentists reported no more cognitive symptoms than the controls, with low average symptom scores from 1.16 for neurological symptoms in males to 1.73 for fatigue in females. Corresponding figures for the controls were 1.22 and 1.77. There were a total of 1.2 % of the dentists and 1.8 % of the controls who reported having three or more of the seven symptoms "often" or more frequently. Conclusion: Norwegian dentists do not report more cognitive and neurological symptoms than controls from the general population.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.458-469
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• 2020

Geriatric depression is associated with pathological changes in the brain and increases the risk of cognitive impairment or dementia. However, high cognitive reserve, such as high education, can delay or minimize clinical manifestations of pathologies involving the brain, so the effect of geriatric depression on cognitive impairment or dementia may vary depending on the education level. In this study, the author analyzed data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA) to examine whether the effect of geriatric depression on cognitive function differed depending on education level. Among the 10,254 subjects registered in the KLoSA, the 4,905 subjects who met the inclusion criteria were analyzed by stepwise regression analysis. The results were as follows: first, depressive symptoms predicted low cognitive function after 12 years; second, the negative effect of depressive symptoms on cognitive function after 12 years was higher in the old adult group than in the young adult group; and third, the effect of age was significant only in the low-educated group. These results suggest that depressive symptoms in low-educated old adults may increase the risk of development of dementia in the long term.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.71-78
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• 2022

Parkinson's disease (PD) is clinically characterized by a variety of motor and non-motor symptoms, including cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Integrating a large variety of symptoms into a small number of clinical subtypes could be valuable for appropriate and early therapeutic intervention. As a first step toward this aim, this study attempted to identify correlation patterns among motor, cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms in PD without dementia. One hundred four non-demented patients with PD underwent a comprehensive motor, neuropsychological, and neuropsychiatric assessments. Factor analysis was performed to identify correlation patterns among demographic, motor, cognitive and neuropsychiatric variables. The eight factors were extracted: 1 motor-related, 3 cognitive-related and 4 neuropsychiatric factors. We indentified that characteristics of correlation can have associated symptom pattern in the disease process of Parkinson's disease. The current results suggest that a broad range of motor and non-motor symptoms in PD may be reducible to a small number of clinical parameters, which may be useful for identifying clinical subtypes of PD for individual patients.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.375-385
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to develop and test a structural model for chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment of breast cancer patients based on a literature review and Hess and Insel's chemotherapy-related cognitive change model. Methods: The Participants consisted of 250 patients who were ${\geq}19$ years of age. The assessment tools included the Menopause Rating Scale, Symptom Experience Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Everyday Cognition, and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast Cancer. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0 programs. Results: The modified model was a good fit for the data. The model fit indices were ${\chi}^2=423.18$ (p<.001), ${\chi}^2/df=3.38$, CFI=.91, NFI=.91, TLI=.89, SRMR=.05, RMSEA=.09, and AIC=515.18. Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment was directly influenced by menopausal symptoms (${\beta}=.38$, p=.002), depression and anxiety (${\beta}=.25$, p=.002), and symptom experiences (${\beta}=.19$, p=.012). These predictors explained 47.7% of the variance in chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment. Depression and anxiety mediated the relations among menopausal symptoms, symptom experiences, and with chemotherapy related cognitive impairment. Depression and anxiety (${\beta}=-.51$, p=.001), symptom experiences (${\beta}=-.27$, p=.001), menopausal symptoms (${\beta}=-.22$, p=.008), and chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (${\beta}=-.15$, p=.024) had direct effects on the quality of life and these variables explained 91.3%. Conclusion: These results suggest that chemotherapy-related toxicity is highly associated with cognitive decline and quality of life in women with breast cancer. Depression and anxiety increased vulnerability to cognitive impairment after chemotherapy. Nursing intervention is needed to relieve chemotherapy-related toxicity and psychological factor as well as cognitive decline for quality of life in patients undergoing chemotherapy.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.41-47
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• 2016

Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is the second most common causes of dementia. It can exhibit a variety of clinical symptoms including cognitive decline, cognitive fluctuation, visual hallucinations, parkinsonism, REM sleep behavior disorder, hypersensitivity to neuroleptics and autonomic dysfunctions. Despite more well-known criteria for DLB, there are often misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment. It gives a lot of clinical burden to the clinician as well as to patients and families. When reducing the misdiagnosis, the burden of all will be reduced. The special concern and solicitation are needed in order not to miss the diagnosis when the cardinal features of DLB may not be volunteered by patients and the caregivers. To control the symptoms, clinicians must find and reduce drugs that can have the negative effects on DLB symptoms. There is limited evidence about specific interventions but available data suggest cholinesterase inhibitors improve the cognitive and behavioral symptoms and menmantine slightly improves the global impression.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.420-430
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test a hypothetical model of chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) and depression in people with gastrointestinal cancer. Methods: A purposive sample of 198 patients undergoing chemotherapy was recruited from November 2014 to July 2015. The instruments were Everyday Cognition (ECog), Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS), Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-F), and M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory-Gastrointestinal Cancer Module. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and path analysis. Results: CRCI was directly affected by cancer symptoms (${\beta}=.19$, p=.004) and fatigue (${\beta}=.56$, p<.001)($R^2=47.2%$). Depression was directly affected by fatigue (${\beta}=.48$, p<.001) and CRCI (${\beta}=.27$, p<.001). However, The impact of cancer symptoms on depression was confirmed through the mediating effect of CRCI. Conclusion: Results indicate that in patients with gastrointestinal cancer undergoing chemotherapy along with the direct physiologic effects (fatigue, symptoms) of cancer treatment may have altered cognitive function leading to depression.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.204-212
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• 2020

This study aimed to investigate the effect of traditional Korean medical treatments on a stroke patient with gait disturbance, cognitive impairment, dysuria, and dysphagia. A 78-year-old female with chronic middle cerebral artery infarction had symptoms of gait disturbance, cognitive impairment, dysuria, and dysphagia. After being treated with Korean medicine therapies, including acupuncture and herbal medicine, the patient's symptoms were significantly improved. During all the treatments, Indices including manual muscle test, functional ambulation category, functional independence measuring, mini-mental state examination-K, global deterioration scale, pelvic symmetry, functional ambulation profile used to evaluate her symptoms indicated improvement in her symptoms, without any side effects. Traditional Korean medical treatments, such as acupuncture and herbal medicine, can be considered to be effective therapies for a stoke patient who has symptoms of gait disturbance, cognitive impairment, dysuria, and dysphagia.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.193-207
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• 2007

Panic disorder is one of the anxiety disorder, characterized by panic attacks which are discrete episodes of fear accompanied by somatic symptoms such as shortness of breath, palpitations, chest pain, choking, dizziness, trembling and/or faintness. We experienced a 41 year-old male who complained of sudden enervation, unstable blood pressure and anxiety about self's symptoms. We bad given herbal medicines aoh cognitive & behavioral therapy. Results from studies to date suggest the cognitive behavioral therapy(CBTl are useful for depression, anxiety disorder, phobia. He understood his symptom's meaning and tried to overcome fear related to symptoms through exposure training. We concluded that cognitive behavioral therapy can be very effective methods to treat panic disorder, because patient with panic disorder has maladaptive automatic thoughts, based on dysfunctional beliefs like "I'm too weak, I have some problem."