• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권8호
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• pp.747-752
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• 2020

This study examines cognitive impairment, which is one of the results from social exclusion and leads to logical reasoning disorders. This study also investigate how cognitive errors called abductive inference error occur due to cognitive impairment. Present study was performed with 81 college students. Participants were randomly assigned to the group who has experienced social exclusion or to the group who has not experience the social exclusion. We analyzed how the degree of error of abductive inference differs according to the social exclusion experience. The group who has experienced social exclusion showed a higher level of abductive inference error than the group who has not experience. The abductive condition inference value of the group who has experienced social exclusion was higher in the group with the deduction condition inference value of 90% than in the group with the deduction condition inference value of 10%, and the difference was also significant. This study extended the concepts of cognitive impairments, escape theory, cognitive narrowing which are used to explain addiction behavior to human cognitive bias. Also this study confirmed that social exclusion experience increased cognitive impairment and abductive inference error. Future research directions and implications were discussed and suggested.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.27-37
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• 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of handgrip strength level on cognitive impairment in hypertensive patients. Methods: This study used the first to eighth year data of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA). Of the 10,254 respondents who participated in the basic survey, respondents were included that they were diagnosed with high blood pressure and had no cognitive impairment. The handgrip strength was based on the highest value of handgrip strength for both hands. Cognitive function using MMSE results and 23 points or less were defined as cognitive impairment. Cox models were conducted to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) of cognitive impairment in relation to handgrip strength adjusting for covariates. Results: In the case of hypertension patients, the probability of cognitive decline decreased by 3.0% every time the maximum handgrip strength increased by 1 unit. In the analysis by age, under the age of 64 had a 1.8% decrease in the probability of cognitive decline whenever the maximum handgrip strength increased by 1 unit, and a 3.6% decrease in those over the age of 65. In the gender analysis, male had a 3.2% decrease in the probability of cognitive decline for every 1 unit increase in the maximum handgrip strength, and female had a 2.6% decrease. Conclusions: The results of this study are expected to be used as basic data for the development of interventions to prevent cognitive decline in hypertensive patients by identifying the effect of handgrip strength level on cognitive decline. It is also expected to be used as basic data for health education on the necessity of increasing muscle strength for hypertension patients in the community.

• 재활치료과학
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.61-77
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• 2023

목적 : 본 연구는 노인들의 인지기능과 구강건강관련 삶의 질 사이의 연관성을 분석하기 위해 수행되었다. 연구방법 : 2020년에 수집된 제8차 고령화연구패널조사에 참여한 지역에 거주하는 45세 이상의 중고령자를 대상으로 인구통계학적 및 임상적 특성을 추출하여 활용하였다. 독립변수는 한국형 간이정신상태검사 점수를 기준으로 분류한 인지기능, 종속변수는 구강건강관련 삶의 질을 측정하기 위한 노인구강건강평가지수이다. 인지기능 그룹 간 공변량의 차이를 보정하기 위해 성향점수 활용법 중 역확률가중치를 적용 후 인지기능과 구강건강관련 삶의 질의 연관성을 분석하기 위해 역확률가중치 적용 전의 다중회귀분석과 적용 후의 다중회귀분석 결과에 차이가 있는지 결과를 비교하였다. 결과 : 연구 대상자는 총 6,116명으로 인지정상군 4,367명, 경도 인지손상군 1,155명, 중증 인지손상군 594명으로 구성되었다. 성향점수 역확률가중치 적용 결과로 표준화된 평균 차이(standardized mean difference)를 확인하여 0.2 이상인 변수를 다시 통제하고 분석한 다중회귀모델에서 인지기능 그룹과 구강건강관련 삶의 질 간의 부정적인 연관성이 있었다(정상 vs. 경도: β = -2.534, p < .0001; 정상 vs. 중증: β = -2.452, p < .0001). 결론 : 본 연구 결과에서 인지손상과 구강건강관련 삶의 질은 음의 연관성을 나타내었다. 성향점수 활용 후 중증 인지손상보다 경도 인지손상에서 더 부정적인 연관성을 나타낸 결과는 인지손상은 저하된 정도와 관계없이 구강건강관련 삶의 질에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것을 의미한다. 따라서 인지기능의 감퇴가 나타난 모든 환자들은 구강관리의 중요성과 교육이 필요하다는 것을 시사한다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.622-631
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was conducted to analyze the factors that influence the life satisfaction of the elderly according to their cognitive impairment level. Methods: This study was conducted by dividing 3,012 elderly residents of a regional community into three groups based on the scores of the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination: a normal group without any cognitive impairment, a suspicious group with a mild level of cognitive impairment, and a high risk group with a high level of cognitive impairment. Researchers made phone calls, house calls, and personal visits to health centers and shelters for the elderly to gather the information required for this study. Results: The results of this study revealed that social relationships, depression, and activities of daily living had a significant impact on life satisfaction for the normal group, while social relationships and depression had a high impact on life satisfaction for the suspicious group, and social relationships had high impact on the life satisfaction of the high risk group. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, we suggest that programs that promote development of the social relationship networks of the elderly should be established to promote their life satisfaction.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2018

This study relates to a composition for improvement of memory or prevention and treatment of cognitive impairment using waste resources rich in beneficial substances. This study makes good effects to inhibit the activity of acetylcholinesterase in brain tissue and to improve the cognitive functions in a simulation model of cognitive impairment induced by scopolamine, so it can be available in the promotion of memory and the prevention and treatment of cognitive impairment. The composition uses the extract of fruit peels, which have long been used without causing toxicity in a wide range of food applications; therefore, it can be used safely without a risk of side effects, even in the case of a long-term administration for the preventive purpose. Furthermore, this research is a very beneficial invention in the environment-friendly aspect in association with the recycling of resources, as it is based on the novel efficacies of fruit peels, which have been conventionally disposed as a refuse of fruits due to their poor sensory qualities despite the content of beneficial substances.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.70-79
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to find out the effects of electroencephalograph (EEG) power and coherence on cognitive function in normal elderly, non-demented elderly with mild cognitive impairment, and demented elderly during working cognition tasks. Forty elderly women (19 demented elderly, 10 non-demented elderly with mild cognitive impairment, 11 norma1 elderly) participated in this study, All subjects performed working cognition tasks with Raven's CPM while EEG signal was recorded, EEGs were measured continuously at rest and during the working cognition task. EEG power and coherence was computed over 21 channels: right and left frontal, central, parietal, temporal and occipital region. We found that there were more correct answers among normal elderly women than in other groups Owing the working cognition task, ${\Theta}$ wave at Fp1, Fp2 and F8, a wave at Fp2, ${\beta}$ wave at Fp1, Fp2. F4 and F8 of the frontal region was increased significantly in the demented elderly group. On the other hand. ${\Theta}$ wave at Fp1, Fp2 and F7, ${\beta}$ wave at Fp1, Fp2, F3 and F7 of the frontal region was increased significantly in the group of non-demented elderly with mild cognitive impairment. In contrast. in the normal elderly group, all of the ${\Theta}$ wave and ${\beta}$ wave at Fp1, Fp2, F3, F4, F7 and F8 of the frontal region (except ${\beta}$ wave at F3) was increased significantly, These results suggest that the nerves in prefrontal and right hemisphere regions were most active in the demented elderly group during problem solving, and the nerves in the prefrontal and left hemisphere lobe were most active in the group of non-demented elderly with mild cognitive impairment. In contrast, me majority of nerves in the frontal region were active in the normal elderly group.

• 대한치매학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.100-109
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• 2018

Background and Purpose: Although the clock drawing test (CDT) is a widely used cognitive screening instrument, there have been inconsistent findings regarding its utility with various scoring systems in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia. The present study aimed to identify whether patients with MCI or dementia exhibited impairment on the CDT using three different scoring systems, and to determine which scoring system is more useful for detecting MCI and mild dementia. Methods: Patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), vascular mild cognitive impairment (VaMCI), mild Alzheimer's disease (AD), mild vascular dementia (VaD), and cognitively normal older adults (CN) were included. All participants were administered the CDT, the Korean-Mini Mental State Examination (K-MMSE), and the Clinical Dementia Rating scale. The CDT was scored using the 3-, 5-, and 15-point scoring systems. Results: On all three scoring systems, all patient groups demonstrated significantly lower scores than the CN. However, while there were no significant differences among patients with aMCI, VaMCI, and AD, those with VaD exhibited the lowest scores. Area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curves revealed that the three CDT scoring systems were comparable with the K-MMSE in differentiating aMCI, VaMCI, and VaD from CN. In differentiating AD from CN, however, the CDT using the 15-point scoring system demonstrated the most comparable discriminability with K-MMSE. Conclusions: The results demonstrated that the CDT is a useful cognitive screening tool that is comparable with the Mini-Mental State Examination, and that simple CDT scoring systems are sufficient for differentiating patients with MCI and mild dementia from CN.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.283-292
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• 2019

초기의 인지 감퇴를 판단하는 요소로 의미지식 및 의미 연관관계의 범주별 손상 유무가 주목을 받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 정상 및 주관적 기억장애, 경도인지장애 노인을 대상으로 의미연상과제를 사용하여 인지 감퇴의 정도에 따라 관찰되는 의미 하위범주별 수행과 오류유형의 차이를 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구 결과, 의미연상과제 범주별 정반응 점수와 반응시간에서 세 군 간 유의한 차이를 보였으며, 하위범주 중, '기능'에서 가장 높은 수행력을, '상위'와 '부분/전체'에서 가장 낮은 수행력을 보였다. 또한, 오류유형별 산출 횟수는 정상에서 경도인지장애 노인으로 갈수록 유의하게 높아졌으며, 무반응은 주관적 기억장애 노인부터 유의하게 증가하였다. 결론적으로, 인지 감퇴가 진행될수록 의미연결망에서 범주별 손상의 정도와 과정이 다르므로, 기억장애 노인의 인지적 감퇴를 확인하고 추적 관찰하기 위한 지표로 의미연상과제 수행력을 활용할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.81-95
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the effects of a group cognitive improvement program on cognitive function, depression and self-esteem in elderly individuals with mild cognitive impairment. Methods: This was an experimental study that employed a pre-post design of a non-equivalence control group. The subjects were 52 elderly people with mild cognitive impairment, 25 of whom were assigned to the experimental group and 27 to the control group. The program was conducted for a total of 12 sessions for 60 minutes each. Data were analyzed using the ${\chi}2-test$, Fisher's exact test, and Independent t-test with the SPSS 20.0 program. Results: After the intervention, the group who participated showed improvement in all areas of cognitive function based on MMSE-KC (F=26.37, p.<0.001), the Rey Complex Figure Test: copy (F=20.66, p.<0.001), Immediate memory of Seoul Verbal Learning Test-Elderly's version (F=29.68, p.<0.001), delayed memory (F=45.79 p.<0.001), memory recall (F=28.97, p.<0.001), Forward of Digit Span Test (F=9.25, p=.004), backward (F=8.33, p.=0.006), language comprehension (F=13.42, p.<0.001), and digit symbol coding (F=17.74, p.<0.001) relative to the control group. Moreover depression (F=24.09, p.<0.001) was decreased in program participants, whereas self-esteem (F=40.24, p.<0.001) was increased. Conclusion: The program could be a useful intervention because the results show that the group cognitive improvement program has a significant effect on cognitive function, depression and self-esteem in elderly with mild cognitive impairment.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.185-191
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• 2014

Mild cognitive impairment is status between healthy people and dementia patients. In order to prevent dementia or slow its progression, cognitive interventions could be effective. In this paper, review of the cognitive intervention with computer software was undertaken. Previous reports showed that the cognitive intervention with additional equipment could practical to the mild cognitive impairment.