• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.115-123
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• 2011

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate the correlation coefficients among Oswestry low-back pain disability index(ODI), Roland-Morris disability questionnaire (RMD), visual analogue scale(VAS), lumbar lordosis angle(LLA), Cobb's angle and Ferguson's angle(FA). Methods : We measured LLA, Cobb's angle, and FA of 42 students. Then we researched ODI, RMD and VAS of all students, and analyzed correlations coefficient among all of them. Results : 1. There was significant correlation among VAS, RMD, ODI. 2. There was significant correlation between ODI and Cobb's angle. 3. There was no significant correlation between LLA, FA, Cobb's angle and VAS. 4. There was no significant correlation among LLA, FA, Cobb's angle and RMD. Conclusions : According to above results, there was no significant correlation between lumbosacral balance and low back pain except between ODI and Cobb's angle. On the other hand, there was significant correlation among RMD, ODI and VAS.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.29-34
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• 2015

PURPOSE: The purpose of present study was to introduces an exceptional case in measurement methods (CVA, CRA and Cobb angle) to identify the FHP with verified reliability and validity. Subjects: Three males aged 30 years were recruited: A Normal, B and C who have FHP. METHODS: All the subjects were measured CVA, CRA and Cobb angle with the Photogrammetry and Radiography. RESULTS: The results revealed that it is not enough for measurement methods to identify the FHP using CVA, CRA and Cobb angle. On Photogrammetry values; CVA had $65^{\circ}$, CRA was $148^{\circ}$ of Normal subject A and CVA had $61^{\circ}$, CRA was $149^{\circ}$ of FHP subject B and CVA had $51^{\circ}$, CRA was $149^{\circ}$ of FHP subject C. On Radiography values; CVA had $73^{\circ}$, CRA was $148^{\circ}$ and Cobb was $50^{\circ}$ of Normal subject A and CVA had $70^{\circ}$, CRA was $150^{\circ}$ and Cobb was $53^{\circ}$ of FHP subject B and CVA had $61^{\circ}$, CRA was $153^{\circ}$ and Cobb was $31^{\circ}$ of FHP subject C. CONCLUSION: The reliable CVA, CRA and Cobb angle use methods from the previous studies might not be suitable for the diagnose the FHP. We think that it is necessary to have more detailed evaluation methods and the radiography is also needed for clear evaluations because of some possible exceptions.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.113-119
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• 2017

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Schroth's three-dimensional exercises in combination with respiratory muscle exercise (SERME) on Cobb's angle and functional movement screen (FMS). Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: Fifteen subjects with scoliosis were randomly assigned to two groups. Eight subjects were assigned to the experimental group and seven subjects were assigned to the control group. The experimental group underwent SERME using SpiroTiger (Idiag, Switzerland), while the control group performed only the Schroth's three-dimensional exercises (SE). Both groups performed exercises for one hour per day, three times a week for eight weeks. Cobb's angle, pulmonary function (forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume at one second, and peak expiratory flow) and FMS were measured before and after the experiment. Results: After intervention, the SERME group showed a significant difference in Cobb's angle, FMS scores, and pulmonary function as compared to before intervention (p<0.05). In the SE group, there was a statistically significant difference in Cobb's angle, pulmonary function, and FMS scores compared to before intervention (p<0.05). The SERME group showed a significant difference in Cobb's angle and peak expiratory flow in pulmonary function compared to the SE group (p<0.05). Conclusions: The results suggest that SERME could be a more effective intervention for improvement of the Cobb's angle and pulmonary function for scoliosis patients.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.2191-2196
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• 2020

Background: Incorrect postures of adolescents caused by the use of smart devices have been noted as a factor causing spinal diseases. Objectives: To examine the effect of joint mobilization and stretching on Cobb's angle and respiratory function in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Design: Cluster-randomized controlled trial. Methods: A total of 22 subjects with AIS were enrolled. They were allocated to two groups: the joint mobilization (n=11) and the stretching (n=11). All interventions were conducted for 30 minutes, three times a week for six weeks. Outcome measures were the Cobb's angle and respiratory function. The Cobb's angle and respiratory function measured using the X-ray and Micro-Quark. Results: Joint mobilization group showed significant differences in Cobb's angle and respiratory function, but stretching group showed significant differences Cobb's angle. The differences in peak expiratory flow (PEF) between the two groups were significant. Conclusion: This study proved that joint mobilization is a more effective intervention for AIS to improve Cobb's angle and respiratory function, when compared to stretching.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.367-376
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare changes in pediatric Cobb's angle resulting from using the modified scoliosis exercise method to promote proprioception. Methods: There were 32 participants in this study. Cobb's angle was measured automatically using a ZeTTA PACS Viewer through a digital computer program with whole-body x-ray anterior to posterior. Scoliosis was diagnosed by a Cobb's angle of 10° or higher. Modified scoliosis exercises were used as the program for the three-stage method used in the study: the preparation phase (warm-up), actual exercise phase (main exercise), and final clean-up phase (cool-down). In this study, exercises that can promote proprioception, including muscle strengthening, stretching, equilibrium, myofascial release, balance taping, and traction, were applied, and their effects before and after treatment were compared. After implementing the exercise methods once a week-15 times total for about 4 months-the changes in Cobb's angle were measured. Results: After having the pediatric scoliosis patients practice the modified scoliosis exercises for four months, it was found that the Cobb's angle of the spine significantly decreased. Conclusion: The results of this study show that the modified pediatric scoliosis exercise, which is capable of promoting proprioception, is also effective in improving Cobb's angle.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.15-29
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• 2009

Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the correlation between cervical, lumbar lordosis and low back pain(LBP), sex, age and duration of LBP. Methods : Cervical, lumbar lordosis(by Cobb's Method) and Ferguson's angle were measured and evaluated in LBP group and control. Radiograph was taken in lateral direction, erect position. Cobb's angle between C1-C7, C2-C7, L1-L5, L1-S1 and Ferguson's angle were measured and investigated with statistical program. Results: 1. Cervical lordosis have no relation to LBP, sex and age. 2. Lumbar lordosis and Ferguson's angle have no relation to LBP and sex. 3. Cobb's angle L1-L5 have no relation to age. Lumbar lordosis from L1 to S1(Cobb's angle L1-S1) increased in old group(Age>40) compared to young group(Age${\leq}$40). 4. In LBP group, Cobb's angle L1-S1 have no relation to duration of LBP. Lumbar lordosis from L1 to L5(Cobb's angle L1-L5) decreased in acute LBP group compared to Chronic group. Conclusions : Cervical, lumbar lordosis and Ferguson's angle have no relation to LBP and sex. As far as age is concerned, old group have larger lumbosacral lordosis than young group. Acute LBP group have smaller lumbar lordosis(Cobb's angle L1-L5) than chronic group.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.64-71
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to select standing posture parameters that have a significant difference according to the severity of spinal deformity, and to develop a novel Cobb angle prediction model for adolescent girls with idiopathic scoliosis. Methods: Five normal adolescents girls with no history of musculoskeletal disorders, 13 mild scoliosis patients (Cobb angle: $10^{\circ}-25^{\circ}$), and 14 severe scoliosis patients (Cobb angle: $25^{\circ}-50^{\circ}$) participated in this study. Six infrared cameras (VICON) were used to acquire data and 35 standing parameters of scoliosis patients were extracted from previous studies. Using the ANOVA and post-hoc test, parameters that had significant differences were extracted. In addition, these standing posture parameters were utilized to develop a Cobb-angle prediction model through multiple regression analysis. Results: Twenty two of the parameters showed differences between at least two of the three groups and these parameters were used to develop the multi-linear regression model. This model showed a good agreement ($R^2$ = 0.92) between the predicted and the measured Cobb angle. Also, a blind study was performed using 5 random datasets that had not been used in the model and the errors were approximately $3.2{\pm}1.8$. Conclusions: In this study, we demonstrated the possibility of clinically predicting the Cobb angle using a non-invasive technique. Also, monitoring changes in patients with a progressive disease, such as scoliosis, will make possible to have determine the appropriate treatment and rehabilitation strategies without the need for radiation exposure.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2014

본 연구는 schroth 운동(3차원적 융합운동)이 폐기능과 Cobb's angle, scoliometer angle과 척추세움근의 근활성도에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 실시되었다. Cobb's angle $10^{\circ}$ 이상의 특발성 척추측만증을 가지고 있는 학생 40명을 대상으로 각각 20명의 슈로스운동군과 전통적인 치료군으로 나누어 총 8주간 주 3회, 회당 60분의 운동을 실시하였다. 8주간의 Schroth 운동을 적용한 그룹에서는 Cobb's angle과 갈비뼈 돌출부, 폐활량, 체간의 확장, 오른쪽 흉추부위의 활성도에 유의한 차이를 보였다. 8주간의 전통적인 측만증 운동을 실시한 그룹에서는 체간의 확장성에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 본 연구의 결과를 통해 3차원적 접근법인 슈로스운동이 특발성 척추측만증 환자의 흉추측만각도의 감소와 폐기능의 향상을 목적으로 한 중재기법으로 기존의 운동방법보다 효과적이라고 할 수 있다. 따라서 차후의 연구에서는 척추측만증이 장기간의 관리와 치료가 필요한 질환임을 이해하고 이에 따라 체계적인 자세관리와 3차원적 융합운동 프로그램의 적용이 필요하다고 사료된다.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.93-101
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• 2017

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe the effects of short term Schroth exercise on the Cobb angle, angle of trunk rotation (ATR), cosmetic appearance, and quality of life (QOL) in idiopathic scoliosis patients. METHODS: Five subjects with idiopathic scoliosis, (female, 3; male, 2) curvature type: thoracic, 2; lumbar, 3 underwent short term Schroth exercise for seven days. The exercise was performed for 3 h long sessions per day. The Cobb angle and QOL were measured before and after the intervention. ATR and cosmetic appearance were measured once. Sessions consisted of one baseline, seven intervention and three follow-up phases. The sessions were conducted with a one day interval. RESULTS: After the intervention, the Cobb angle was found to be significantly improve (p <.05), while the QOL did not differ (p>.05). The ATR showed decreased trends in the intervention phase. Data points during the intervention and follow-up phases showed a decrease in comparison with data points at the baseline, indicating that Schroth exercise might be effective in reducing the ATR and that these effects can be maintained after the intervention. Cosmetic appearance did not showed changed trends during the Schroth exercise intervention phase. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that short term Schroth exercise may be valuable in improving the Cobb angle and ATR in patients with idiopathic scoliosis.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.31-34
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• 2019

Purpose: This study examined the effects of the fascial distortion model (FDM) method on Cobb's angle. Methods: Fourteen subjects participated in this study. The idiopathic scoliosis group performed FDM treatments eight times in four weeks. A Shapiro-Wilks test was used to verify the normality of a group of idiopathic scoliosis patients. A paired t-test was performed to determine the satisfaction with the normality. Results: The difference in Cobb's angle was reduced significantly (p<0.05) by an average of $5.72^{\circ}{\pm}2.24$ from $15.51^{\circ}{\pm}1.81$ before the experiment. Conclusion: This study found that the use of the FDM method was effective in improving the Cobb's angle. The application of a FDM treatment appears to stabilize the fascia with decreased ability to adapt physiologically. The application of the CD and TB method of FDM treatment improved the asymmetry spine by dispersing moisture in fascia and improving the contraction and relaxation ability. The results suggest that the Cobb's angle is reduced when FDM is applied, thereby preventing the progression of curvature and avoiding psychological and physical problems that can arise from improving patients with scoliosis.