• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.247-247
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• 2023

Coastal lagoons play a crucial role in water exchange, water quality, and biodiversity. It is essential to monitor and understand the dynamics of hydrogeochemistry in lagoon water and its groundwater to preserve and sustainably manage the groundwater-dependent ecosystems like coastal lagoons. This study investigated the spatial and temporal hydrogeochemical characteristics of coastal lagoon (Songjiho) and groundwater on the east coast of Korea. The concentrations of major ions, water isotopes, and nutrients (nitrogen and dissolved organic carbon) in lagoon water and groundwater were periodically monitored for one year. The study revealed that major ions and total dissolved solids (TDS) concentration were higher at deeper depths of aquifers and closer to the coastal area. The hydrogeochemical characteristics of coastal lagoon and groundwater chemistry were classified into two types, Ca-Mg-HCO₃ and Na-Cl, based on their spatial location from inland to coastal area. Moreover, the hydrogeochemical characteristics of coastal lagoons and groundwater varied significantly depending on the season. During the wet season, the increased precipitation and evaporation lead to changes in water chemistry. As a result, the total organic carbon (TOC) of coastal lagoons increases during this season, likely due to increased runoff by rainfall whereas the variation of chemical compositions in the lagoon and groundwater were not significant because there is reduced precipitation, resulting in stable water levels and during the dry season. The study emphasizes the impact of spatial distribution and seasonal changes in precipitation, evaporation, and river discharge on the hydrogeochemical characteristics of the coastal aquifer and lagoon system. Understanding these impacts is crucial for managing and protecting coastal lagoons and groundwater resources.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.294-303
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• 2023

Beside that the fish species and their sub-populations are highly important as a keystone species in the coastal and marine ecosystem, there are very few studies on their presence, distribution and temporal variations within and around the lagoon ecosystems in Albania. This paper provides an updated review on the life cycle, fishery, exploitation state and management of the main species that are subject of commercial fishing in the Karavasta lagoon, southeastern Adriatic coast of Albania. Due to the fact that lagoons represent a continuum between continental and marine aquatic ecosystems they play a crucial role in species life cycles. Further on in the circumstances of rapid utilizations and environmental changes, anomalies in salinity and temperatures, accelerated anthropogenic influences their rate of vulnerability is highly increased. Following the requirements of the Water Framework Directive, transitional water, coastal lagoons and estuaries there is a need for urgent monitoring and management approaches. The commercial species include: European eel (Anguilla anguilla), species of Family Mugilidae (Mugil cephalus, Liza ramada, Liza salienes and Chelon labrosus), Seabream (Sparus aurata), Seabass (Dincentrarchus labrax), etc. Fish productivity is oscillating from maximum value of 61.95 kg/ha is recorded in period of 1975-80 and lower value of 31 kg/ha in year 2020. Our study highlights importance of fish and fishery long-term monitoring, and contributes to understand the driving factors in productivity, migration patterns and species ecology in the vital coastal ecosystems.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.51-93
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• 2017

Eastern coastal lagoons are a particular type of estuarine systems where seawater mixes with fresh water from their catchments. With the development of aquatic vegetation, this area shows high level of biodiversity. The purpose of this study is to produce a strategy for the comprehensive conservation of the vegetation of coastal lagoons through studies of the floristics and plant species compositions in 17 eastern coastal lagoons in Korea. Vascular plants were collected 109 times, from June of 2010 to November of 2014. The results showed that there were 720 taxa in total, including 118 families, 378 genera, 655 species, 13 subspecies, 46 varieties, and 6 hybrids. Korean endemic species numbered 11 taxa, and vascular plants listed in the red list according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) numbered 18 taxa. Indicator species of fourth (IV) and fifth (V) degree, as specified by floristic subregions, numbered 23 taxa. Among the species investigated in this survey, there were 4 taxa of plants of southern origin and 8 taxa of plants of northern originin the Korean peninsula. Several rare plants, Thermopsis lupinoides, Ligusticum hultenii, Mitrasacme alsinoides, Utricularia australis, Juncus fauriei, Carex vesicaria, and Puccinellia kurilensis, were distributed in eastern coastal lagoons. In all, 96 alien plants were recorded in the investigated area. The coastal lagoons on the eastern coast of Korea showed high plant diversity with many rare plants and phytogeographically important plants. Conservation strategies to ensure biodiversity and effective management of coastal lagoons are discussed in detail.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2023

Groundwater-surface water interaction was evaluated using water quality parameters (temperature and electrical conductivity), distributions of stable water isotopes (δ²H and δ ¹⁸O), and Rn-222 in lagoon water, groundwater, and seawater at three coastal lagoons (Songji (SJ), Youngrang (YR), and Sunpo (SP) Lagoon) in South Korea. From the results of composition and distributions of δ²H and δ¹⁸O, it was found that groundwater fraction of lagoon water in YR Lagoon (76%) was slightly higher than those of SJ (42%), and SP (63%) Lagoon. Based on Rn-222 mass balance model, groundwater discharge into SJ Lagoon in summer 2020 was estimated to be (3.2±1.1)×10³ m³ day^-1, which showed a similar or an order of magnitude higher than the results of previous studies conducted in coastal lagoons. This study can provide advanced techniques to evaluate groundwater-surface water interaction in coastal lagoons, wetlands, and lakes, and help to determine the effects of groundwater on coastal ecosystems.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.279-289
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• 2012

This study conducted a comparative analysis of benthic macroinvertebrate communities in the Fosu and Benya lagoons in Ghana, based on the anthropogenic effect on the two lagoons. Salinity, oxygen, temperature, conductivity, turbidity and pH were measured, invertebrate richness and species densities were determined. The AZTI Marine Biotic Index (AMBI) and multivariate statistics were used to determine the different responses of fauna to pollution. The fauna were categorized into five ecological groups based on the degree of tolerance of the different species to pollution: disturbance-sensitive species; disturbance-indifferent species, disturbance-tolerant species, second-order opportunistic species; and first-order opportunistic species. The Fosu Lagoon supported more pollution tolerant species, whereas the Benya Lagoon had more species that were sensitive to organic enrichment under relatively unpolluted conditions. Chironomus sp., which is adapted to virtually anoxic conditions, was the most abundant in the Fosu Lagoon whereas Nemertea sp. was the most abundant in the Benya Lagoon. The numerical and relative abundance (%) of all 7 taxa in the Fosu Lagoon was 1,359 and 92.35%, respectively. The numerical and relative abundance (%) of all 34 taxa in the Benya Lagoon was 2,459 and 87.52%, respectively. Expectedly, the level of dissolved oxygen in the less saline Fosu Lagoon was higher than that in the more saline Benya Lagoon. The reduced photoperiod and photosynthetic activities of aquatic plants might account for this trend. There is a need to implement comprehensive monitoring and management initiatives for sustaining the ecological health of coastal lagoons in Ghana in order to support the many people that depend upon these ecosystems for their livelihood.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.449-465
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• 2008

Coastal lagoon has experienced a natural geomorphic development process which has been aggraded after the climax of transgression in Holocene. This study estimates superiority on landscape conservation of lagoons and degree of landscape changes during the 20th century as conservation ratios of area and shore length, and analyzes the causes of the changes and classifies the lagoons based on the data by case study of the major 7 coastal lagoons(Hwajinpo, Songjiho, Gwangpoho, Yeongrangho, Maeho, Hyangho, and Gyeongpoho) in the middle East Coast of the Korean Peninsular. Based on the conservation ratios of area and shore length, the areal change is in order of Songjiho($0.56km^2$, 92%), Hwajinpo($2.06km^2$, 90%), Yeongrangho($0.96km^2$, 86%), Hyangho($0.32km^2$, 76%), Gyeongpoho($0.90km^2$, 52%), Maeho($0.14km^2$, 50%), and Gwangpoho($0.07km^2$, 32%), and the shore length change is in order of Hwajinpo(11.90km, 100%), Hyangho(3.34km, 90%), Yeongnangho(7.21km, 89%), Gyeongpoho(7.11km, 79%), Songjiho(5.56km, 79%), Gwangpoho(1.16km, 62%), and Maeho(2.16km, 58%). Therefore, the characteristics of landscape changes of the lagoons in the study area can be represented in order of Hwajinpo(Al), Hyangho(A2), Yeongrangho(A3), Songjiho(A4), Gyeongpoho(B4), Gwangpoho(B5), Maeho(B6). Serious process for land use and industrial development has changed landscape around lagoons decreasing the area of coastal plains dramatically up to this century. Because small lagoons such as Maeho and Gwangpoho have experienced severe transformation and destruction, and Gyeongpoho was transformed into artificial lake for urbanization and tourism, they show dramatic landscape change.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.115-127
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• 2008

A taxonomic study on the genus Nitakra (Ameiridae) is accomplished. A total of five species are collected from coastal marshes, lagoons, and estuaries in South Korea. Among them, the latter three species are newly recorded from Korea: N. spinipes Boeck, N. affinis califarnica Lang and N. pietschmanni (Chappuis). Taxonomic accounts and a key to the species from Korea are given.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.41-52
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• 2010

Coastal lagoons(Ssangho, Gapyeongri wetland, Gunggaeho and Yeomgaeho) distribute densely around Osan-ri, Yangyang-gun. While Ssangho with the representative lagoon group in the East Coast has maintained the lagoon conditions of water surface since it was formed during the Climax of transgression, the others were formed at the swale areas of sand beach. They vary considerably in area reduction rates and position variations during the 20th century, and the causes examined can be divided into natural, human and other factors. They result in the lagoon aggradation stage by geomorphic development, reclamation due to rapid industrialization and urban development during the 20th century, and lacks of understanding on values of small coastal lagoon or errors in mapping and lags of survey techniques. Therefore, the plans for lagoon restorations should be proceeded by the individual properties of lagoons. The restorations of Ssangho are recommended preferentially and it is desirable to restore to the lagoon conditions of 1920s when the influences of human were minimum.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.385-394
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• 2003

Authors tried to classify landforms of civilian-restricted trans-border coastal region of the East Sea by using both field survey and remote sensing data including IKONOS images and digital maps. As a result, authors can draw the boundaries of landform units on satellite images and classify landforms effectively. Typical landforms of undisturbed depositional coastal area such as coastal sand dune, sand bar, lagoons, and tombolo are found within the study area. Also, riverine wetlands and estuarine wetlands are readily discernable on both satellite image and field survey. Even though landforms within the study area are relatively small, they are so dynamically connected that their preservation value is very high.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2015

Abstract The purpose of study is to identify the relationship between stable isotope composition of reed stems in coastal and understand the structure of the fish community in 10 lagoons along the East Sea. The fish species composition (particularly, anadromous fish species) and relative abundance of trophic guilds was influenced by difference of geomorphic characteristics among lagoons. Reed stems ${\delta}^{13}C$ and ${\delta}^{15}N$ values ranged from $-28.40{\pm}0.11$‰ to $-26.87{\pm}0.25$‰ and $-1.09{\pm}1.45$‰ to $12.08{\pm}0.53$‰, respectively. The differences in reed stem ${\delta}^{15}N$ values might be associated with anthropogenic landuse and the geomorphic characteristics among lagoons. These results provide useful information to improve the conservation of fish habitats (biodiversity), preserve lagoon habitats and contribute to watershed management effect against anthropogenic pollution from watershed in these lagoon ecosystems.