• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.314-325
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• 1994

Characteristics of climate in the eastern coastal regions of Korean Peninsula were studied using the meteorological and coastal sea surface temperature (SST) data which were compiled from 1961 to 1990. In the winter half year (from October to March), air temperature (AT) and precipitation of the eastern coastal regions were considerably higher than those of the western and inland regions, but relative humidity was $8{\sim}15\%$ lower. AT of coastal regions was closely related to the variation of coastal SST. These characteristics were more noticeable in the eastern coastal areas and in lower latitude regions. Quantitatively, the $1.0^{\circ}C$ variation of coastal SST may have resulted in the $1.0^{\circ}C{\sim}1.5^{\circ}C$ variation for AT in coastal regions. In the same way as temperature, vapor pressure in coastal regions was also influenced by coastal SST. Relative humidity change corresponding to the $1.0^{\circ}C$ variation of coastal SST was $3.7\%{\sim}6.5\%$. Net heat exchange amounts were positive (sea surface gaining energy) in all coastal regions. Sea surface gained net heat from March to September, and lost it from October to February. Variation of AT in coastal regions was also related to the sensible and latent heat exchanges. Sensible and latent heat amount corresponding to the $1.0^{\circ}C$ variation of AT were $10Wm^{-2}$ at Kangnung, and $8Wm^{-2}$ at Pohang and $13Wm^{-2}$ at Pusan.

• 한국항해학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.43-51
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• 1993

The purposes of this study are to make an analysis the sensible degree in Korea by using the formulas prepared by Watanabe, and to divide the climatic classification by the sensible degree in order to apply in practical life. Most data(air temperature, relative humidity, wind velocity, atmospheric pressure) are extracted from the "Climatic Table of Korea, Volume II(1961~1990)" issued by the Korea Meteorological Administration. As a result of this study, distribution patterns of the sensible degree are similar to isotherms when the wind velocity is zero, and then the sensible degrees are reduced with the increase of latitude. And western coastal and inland regions have larger values than eastern coastal regions in summer. However, the cont-rary distributions are shown in winter. When the wind velocity is not zero, distribution patterns of the sensible degree are influenced by the wind velocity. In summer, the values of central and southern inland regions are especially higher than the coastal regions, and most northern districts and some inland regions (Kangnung, Ulchin, Yongju etc.) have low values in winter. Then, the climate of Korea is divided into four patterns as follows : Yow means the sensible degree when the wind velocity is zero in winter. Yow > 3 : Jeju Island and southern coastal regions Yow = 0~3 : Most southern district and eastern coastal regions of central districts Yow = -3~0 : Most central districts and some eastern coastal regions (Hamheung, Youngheung, Won-san etc.) of northern districts Yow < -3 : Most northern districts and some inland regions(Inje, Hongcheon, Yang-pyeong etc.) of cent-ral districts.districts.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.633-645
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• 2004

A critical component of air pollution modeling is the representation of meteorological fields within a model domain, since an accurate air quality simulation requires an accurate portrayal of the three-dimensional wind fields. The present study investigated data assimilation using surface observational data in the complex coastal regions to simulate an accurate meteorological fields. Surface observational data were categorized into three groups(Near coastal region, Far coastal regiln 1, Far costal region 2) by the locations where the data are. Experiments were designed and MM5 was used in each case of regions. Case 1 is an experiment without data assimilation, Case N is executed with data assimilation using observational data by meteorological stations and AWS data located in the near coastal region, within 1 km. Case F1 is also an experiment with data assimilation using observational data by meteorological stations and AWS data located in the far coastal regiln 1, more than 1km and less than 5km from the coastal lines. Case F2 is appled to data assimilation using observational data by meteorological stations and AWS data located in the far coastal region 2, beyond 5km from the coastal lines. The result of this study indicated that data assimilation using data in the far coastal region 1 and 2 provided an attractive method for generating accurate meteorological fields, especially in the complex coastal regions.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제31권1B호
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• pp.71-85
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• 2011

한반도의 해안 지하수 및 해수면 수위, 수온, 그리고 전기전도도(Electrical Conductivity, EC) 관측 자료를 통해 경향성 분석을 실시하여, 한반도 대수층의 해수침투 영향을 연구하였다. 총 27개소의 지하수위 및 EC 자료를 분석한 결과 지하수위는 27개소 모두 안정된 경향을 보였으며, EC는 증가 9개소, 안정 10개소, 감소 8개소로서 안정 및 변동의 경향을 나타내고 있으며, 해수면 수온은 총 14개소의 관측소 중 증가 12개소, 안정 2개소로서 증가의 경향이 대부분인 것으로 나타났으며, 해수면 수위 또한 총 24개소의 관측소 중 증가 18개소, 안정 3개소, 감소 3개소로 대부분의 관측소가 증가의 경향을 보였다. 특히, 동해와 남해안보다 서해의 해수면수위, 수온 및 EC의 모든 연구 항목의 상승 경향성을 보이는 관측소 비율이 높은 것으로 분석되어, 서해안에서 해수침투 영향이 타 해안보다 심각한 것으로 판단되며, 이에 대한 연구 및 대책이 강구되어야 하겠다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.61-72
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• 2007

Natural resource of the island and coastal regions is one of the most important element of ecological network system in Korea. Currently, there is trend that natural and biological resources such as fishing and tidal wetland have been used to local economic activation in island and coastal regions. According to the 5-days work in a week, island and coastal regions become important amenity resource of citizen's recreation area. Korea is peninsula surrounded by maritime. Especially, South and West Sea surrounded by many islands and tidal flat wetlands are emerging marine ecosystem and seascape in the world. Natural resource is limited, so we have to sustain those resource to current tourism. In this study, I would like to suggest that importance of cultural resource as well as natural resource for 'eco-cultural tourism' in order to keep both biological diversity and cultural diversity as amenity resource for future island economic activation in Korea.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2010

During typhoon periods, coastal regions are often directly flooded by typhoon-surges. There are also many cases where coastal regions are inundated by river inundations or dam breaks. However, most studies on coastal flooding by typhoons have been restricted to cases involving the sea. Flooding by river inundation has been excluded in those studies. Usually ocean numerical models are not applied to river flow because the governing equations for ocean flow and river flow are not the same. For a coastal flooding simulation with river inundation, POM, the three-dimensional numerical ocean model, was applied to the popular river flow problems, dam-break problem, and flows over a spillway. The simulated results showed good agreement with other numerical simulations and measured data, suggesting the possibility of using POM in coastal flooding simulations involving direct coastal surges and river inundations.

• 한국항해학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.155-169
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• 1994

The minimum temperatures are important element in the daily human life, the climatic classification, and so on. In this study, the authors aim to make an analysis the distribution characteristics of minimum temperatures of 95 weather stations in Korea by using the Climatological Standard Normals of Korea VolumeI, VolumeII, and the Climatological Standard Normals of North Korea. The important results are as follows 1) The daily, fifthly, and tenthly minimum temperatures show the highest rate of occurrance on 14th of January( Occurrance rate : 56.6% ), 16~20th of January( 37.6% ), and the middle ten days of January( 82.1% ) respectively. 2) In the regional distribution of minimum temperatures in winter, the values of northern part, inland area, and west coastal region are lower than those of southern, coastal, and east coastal regions respectively. And, bigger cities and industrial area( Seoul, Incheon, Daejeon, Daegu, etc. ) have larger values than the its vicinities. 3) When the daily minimum temperature is $0^{\circ}C$ and less, the days of northern part, inland area, and wests coastal region are higher than those of southern, coastal, and east coastal regions respectively.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.69-85
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• 2002

Reduction of fishing grounds, which was caused by the recent fisheries agreements between Korea, Japan, and China, Is Increasing the important of coastal fisheries. Korea's coastal fisheries, however, need special management measures owing to the following problems. First, there are too many fishing fleets even though fisheries resources are continuously decreasing. Despite the fact that some of the fishing vessels have been scrapped, there still remain too many vessels and especially approximately 27,000 vessels increased during 1997-1998. Second, as the condition of fisheries resources changed radically, many fishermen are fishing by methods which they were not permitted to. These fishing methods cannot be legally supported and so there is a huge gap between the system and the reality, Third, two or three licenses are given to each coastal fishing vessel because a single license cannot give sufficient income, but some of these are formally acquired. So under such circumstances, efficient management of fisheries is impossible. Fourth, absence of demarcation among regions and industries is causing frequent conflicts and there are concerns about the decreasing fisheries resources due to competitive fishing practices. Therefore, considering the above mentioned problems Korea's coastal fisheries management should be developed as the following: First, new licenses should be limited while expanding the buy-back program. The government is currently planning to limit new licenses by introducing the fixed license number system in coastal fisheries but is somewhat passive about the buy-back program. Second, fisheries management which is based on self-regulation should be established. In order to increase the effect of fisheries management, the fishermen should decide by themselves the fish and fishing methods they would be exploiting and directly regulate them. Third, it is necessary to integrate the licenses of coastal fisheries. Since coastal fisheries management through the license system has distinct limitations, it is preferable to unify risking licenses and let the fishermen decide specific matters on their own. Finally, it is necessary to establish boundaries among the regions and industries. Joint fishing areas among regions(cities and provinces) should be established and fishing in other areas should be permitted on condition of paying the required fees. On the other hand, it is also necessary to permit coastal fishing only within certain distances.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제25권
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• pp.1-14
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• 1982

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.432-449
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• 2009

In this study, the effects of high-resolution land cover on the simulation of near-surface meteorological fields were evaluated in two different coastal regions using Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. These analyses were performed using the middle classification land cover data upgraded by the Korean Ministry of Environment (KME). For the purpose of this study, two coastal areas were selected as follows: (1) the southwestern coastal (SWC) region characterized by complex shoreline and (2) the eastern coastal (EC) region described a high mountain and a simple coastline. The result showed that the application of high-resolution land cover were found to be notably distinguished between the SWC and EC regions. The land cover improvement has contributed to generate the realistic complex coastline and the distribution of small islands in the SWC region and the expansion of urban and built-up land along the sea front in the EC region, respectively. The model study indicated that the improvement of land cover caused a temperature change on wide areas of inland and nearby sea for the SWC region, and narrow areas along the coastal line for the EC region. These temperature variations in the two regions resulted in a decrease and an increase in land-breeze and sea-breeze intensity, respectively (especially the SWC region). Interestingly, the improvement of land cover can contribute large enough to change wind distributions over the sea in coastal areas.