• Title/Summary/Keyword: Coal-Based Activated Carbon

Search Result 61, Processing Time 0.023 seconds

High Resistivity Characteristics of the Sinter Dust Generated from the Steel Plant

  • Lee, Jae-Keun;Hyun, Ok-Chun;Lee, Jung-Eun;Park, Sang-Deok
    • Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.15 no.5
    • /
    • pp.630-638
    • /
    • 2001
  • The electrical resistivity of sinter dusts generated from the steel industry and coal fly ash from the coal power plant has been investigated using the high voltage conductivity cell based on JIS B 9915 as a function of temperature and water content. Dust characterization such as the chemical composition, size distribution, atomic concentration, and surface structure has been conducted. Major constituents of sinter dusts were Fe$_2$O$_3$(40∼74.5%), CaO (6.4∼8.2%), SiO$_2$(4.1∼6.0%), and unburned carbon (7.0∼14.7%), while the coal fly ash consisted of mainly SiO$_2$(51.4%), Al$_2$O$_3$(24.1%), and Fe$_2$O$_3$(10.5%). Size distributions of the sinter dusts were bi-modal in shape and the mass median diameters (MMD) were in the range of 24.7∼137㎛, whereas the coal fly ash also displayed bi-modal distribution and the MMD of the coal fly ash was 35.71㎛. Factors affecting resistivity of dusts were chemical composition, moisture content, particle size, gas temperature, and surface structure of dust. The resistivity of sinter dusts was so high as 10(sup)15 ohm$.$cm at 150$\^{C}$ that sinter dust would not precipitate well. The resistivity of the coal fly ash was measured 1012 ohm$.$cm at about 150$\^{C}$. Increased water contents of the ambient air lowered the dust resistivity because current conduction was more activated for absorption of water vapor on the surface layer of the dust.

  • PDF

Pressure Swing Adsorption Based Hydrogen Purification Vessel 3D Modeling and Feasibility Study (Pressure Swing Adsorption 기반 수소정제용기 3차원 모델링 및 타당성 검증 연구)

  • CHA, YOHAN;CHOI, JAEYOO;JU, HYUNCHUL
    • Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
    • /
    • v.32 no.4
    • /
    • pp.197-204
    • /
    • 2021
  • Pressure swing adsorption is a purification process which can get pure hydrogen. The purification process is composed of four process: compression, adsorption, desorption and discharge. In this study the adsorption process was simulated by using the Fluent and validated with experimental results. A gas used in experiment is composed of H2, CO2, CH4, and CO. Adsorption process conducted under 313 kelvin and 3 bar and bituminous-coal-based (BPL) activated carbon was used as the adsorbent. Langmuir model was applied to explain the gas adsorption. And diffusion of all the gases was controlled by micro-pore resistances. The result shows that, the most adsorbed gas was carbon dioxide, followed by methane and carbon monoxide. And carbon monoxide took the least amount of time to reach the maximum adsorption amount. The molar fraction of the off-gas became the same as the molar fraction of the gas supplied from the inlet after adsorption reached the equilibrium.

Electrochemical characteristics of active carbon prepared by chemical activation for anode of lithium ion battery (이차전지 음극용 화학적 활성화법으로 제조된 활성탄의 전기화학적 특성)

  • Lee, Ho-Yong;Kim, Tae-Yeong;Lee, Jong-Dae
    • Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.32 no.3
    • /
    • pp.480-487
    • /
    • 2015
  • In this study, several kinds of active carbons with high specific surface area and micro pore structure were prepared from the coconut shell charcoal using chemical activation method. The physical property of prepared active carbon was investigated by experimental variables such as activating chemical agents to char coal ratio, flow rate of inert gas and temperature. It was shown that chemical activation with KOH and NaOH was successfully able to make active carbons with high surface area of $1900{\sim}2500m^2/g$ and mean pore size of 1.85~2.32 nm. The coin cell using water-based binder in the electrolyte of LiPF6 dissolved in mixed organic solvents (EC:DMC:EMC=1:1:1 vol%) showed better capacity than that of oil-based binder. Also, it was found that the coin cell of water-based binder shows an improved cycling performance and coulombic efficiency.

Removal Characteristics of Sulfonamide Antibiotic Compounds in Biological Activated Carbon Process (생물활성탄 공정에서의 Sulfonamide계 항생물질 제거특성)

  • Son, Hee-Jong;Jung, Jong-Moon;Roh, Jae-Soon;Yu, Pyung-Jong
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
    • /
    • v.31 no.2
    • /
    • pp.96-101
    • /
    • 2009
  • In this study, the effects of three different biological activated carbon (BAC) materials (each coal, coconut and wood based activated carbons), empty bed contact time (EBCT) and water temperature on the removal of sulfonamide 5 species in BAC filters were investigated. Experiments were conducted at three water temperatures (5, 15 and $25^{\circ}C$) and four EBCTs (5, 10, 15 and 20 min). The results indicated that coal based BAC retained more attached bacterial biomass on the surface of the activated carbon than the other BACs, increasing EBCT or increasing water temperature increased the sulfonamide 5 species removal in BAC columns. In the coal-based BAC columns, sulfachloropyridazine (SCP), sulfamethazine (SMT) and sulfathiazole (STZ) removal efficiencies were 30~80% and sulfadimethoxine (SDM), sulfamethoxazole (SMX) removal efficiencies were 18~70% for 5~20 min EBCT at $25^{\circ}C$. The kinetic analysis suggested a first-order reaction model for sulfonamide 5 species removal at various water temperatures (5~$25^{\circ}C$). The pseudo-first-order reaction rate constants and half-lives were also calculated for sulfonamide 5 species removal at 5~$25^{\circ}C$. The reaction rate and half-lives of sulfonamide 5 species ranging from 0.0094~0.0718 $min^{-1}$ and 9.7 to 73.7 min various water temperaturs and EBCTs in this study could be used to assist water utilities in designing and operating BAC filters for sulfonamide antibiotic compounds removal.

Removal of Basic Dye from Aqueous Solution using Coal-based Granular Activated Carbon (석탄계 입상활성탄을 이용한 수용액으로부터 염기성 염료의 제거)

  • Choi, Han Ah;Park, Ha Neul;Moon, Hye Woon;Kim, Eun Bin;Jang, Yeon Woo;Won, Sung Wook
    • Clean Technology
    • /
    • v.23 no.2
    • /
    • pp.188-195
    • /
    • 2017
  • This research studied the adsorption of basic dye, Basic Blue 3 (BB3) by using coal-based granular activated carbon (C-GAC) from aqueous solution. All experiments were performed in batch processes, and adsorption parameters such as C-GAC dosage, contact time, initial dye concentration and temperature were evaluated. The removal efficiency of BB3 was increased with increasing the C-GAC dosage and 100% of initial concentration, $50mg\;L^{-1}$ was removed above 0.2 g of C-GAC. Also, the time to reach equilibrium depended on the initial dye concentration. According to the Langmuir model, the maximum uptakes of C-GAC were calculated to be 66.45, 84.97 and $87.19mg\;g^{-1}$ at 25, 35 and $45^{\circ}C$, respectively. In addition, thermodynamic parameters such as Gibbs free energy change, enthalpy change and entropy change were investigated.

Adsorption Characteristics of Reactive Red 120 by Coal-based Granular Activated Carbon : Isotherm, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Parameters (석탄계 입상활성탄에 의한 Reactive Red 120의 흡착 특성 : 등온선, 동력학 및 열역학 파라미터)

  • Lee, Jong Jib
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
    • /
    • v.31 no.2
    • /
    • pp.164-171
    • /
    • 2020
  • Adsorption characteristics of reactive red 120 (RR 120) dye by a coal-based granular activated carbon (CGAC) from an aqueous solution were investigated using the amount of activated carbon, pH, initial concentration, contact time and temperature as adsorption variables. Isotherm equilibrium relationship showed that Langmuir's equation fits better than that of Freundlich's equation. The adsorption mechanism was considered to be superior to the adsorption of monolayer with uniform energy distribution. From the evaluated Langmuir separation coefficients (RL = 0.181~0.644), it was found that this adsorption process belongs to an effective treatment area (RL = 0~1). The adsorption energy determined by Temkin's equation and Dubinin-Radushkevich's equation was E = 15.31~7.12 J/mol and B = 0.223~0.365 kJ/mol, respectively. The adsorption process showed the physical adsorption (E < 20 J/mol and B < 8 kJ/mol). The adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo first order model. The adsorption reaction of RR 120 dye on CGAC was found to increase spontaneously with increasing the temperature because the free energy change decreased with increasing the temperature. The enthalpy change (12.747 kJ/mol) indicated an endothermic reaction. The isosteric heat of adsorption (△Hx = 9.78~24.21 kJ/mol) for the adsorption reaction of RR 120 by CGAC was revealed to be the physical adsorption (△Hx < 80 kJ/mol).

Equilibrium, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Parameter Studies on Adsorption of Allura Red from Aqueous Solution by Granular Activated Carbon (입상활성탄에 의한 수용액으로부터 오로라 레드의 흡착에 대한 평형, 동력학 및 열역학 파라미터에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Jong-Jib
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
    • /
    • v.25 no.4
    • /
    • pp.430-436
    • /
    • 2014
  • Allura Red (AR) is a water-soluble harmful tar-based food colorant (FD & C Red 40). Batch adsorption studies were performed for the removal of AR using bituminous coal based granular activated carbon as adsorbent by varying the operation parameters such as adsorbent dosage, initial concentration, contact time and temperature. Experimental equilibrium adsorption data were analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherms. The equilibrium process was described well by Freundlich isotherm. From determined separation factor ($R_L$), adsorption of AR by granular activated carbon could be employed as effective treatment method. Temkin parameter, B was determined to 1.62~3.288 J/mol indicating a physical adsorption process. By estimation of adsorption rate experimental data, the value of intraparticle diffusion rate constant ($k_m$) increased with the increasing adsorption temperature. The adsorption process were found to confirm to the pseudo second order model with good correlation. Thermodynamic parameters like change of free energy, enthalpy, and entropy were also calculated to predict the nature adsorption in the temperature range of 298~318 K. The negative Gibbs free energy change (${\Delta}G$ = -2.16~-6.55 kJ/mol) and the positive enthalpy change (${\Delta}H$ = + 23.29 kJ/mol) indicated the spontaneous and endothermic nature of the adsorption process, respectively.

The Evaluation of Adsorption Characteristics of Perfluorinated Compounds (PFCs) in GAC Process Using Continuous Column Adsorption Test (연속 컬럼흡착 실험을 이용한 GAC 공정에서의 과불화 화합물(PFCs) 흡착 특성 평가)

  • Son, Hee-Jong;Yoo, Soo-Jeon;Jang, Seung-Ho
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
    • /
    • v.35 no.3
    • /
    • pp.206-212
    • /
    • 2013
  • This study accessed the adsorption characteristics of the 11 perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) on coal-based granular activated carbon (GAC). The breakthrough appeared first for PFODA and sequentially for PFHDA, PFTeDA, PFTDA, PFDoDA, PFUnDA, PFDA, PFNA, PFOA, PFOS, and PFHpA. The maximum adsorption capacity (X/M) for the 11 PFCs with apparent breakthrough points ranged from 2.43 ${\mu}g/g$ (for PFODA) to 64.5 ${\mu}g/g$ (for PFHpA). Carbon usage rate (CUR) for PFODA was 0.291 g/day, 11.2 times higher than that for PFHpA (0.026 g/day). The X/M values for the 11 PFCs were fitted well with a linear regression ($r^2$ = 0.89) by their molecular weight (chain length).

Adsorption Characteristics for Nitrosamines in Granular Activated Carbon Process (입상활성탄 공정에서의 nitrosamine류 흡착 특성)

  • Kim, Kyung-A;Son, Hee-Jong;Lee, Sang-Won;Bin, Jae-Hoon;Kim, Chang-Won
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
    • /
    • v.34 no.10
    • /
    • pp.709-714
    • /
    • 2012
  • This study accessed the adsorption characteristics of the nine nitrosamine species on coal-based granular activated carbon (GAC). The breakthrough appeared first for NDMA and sequentially for NMOR, NPYR, NMEA, NDPA, NDEA, and NPIP. On the other hand, NDBA and NDPHA were not detected in the treated effluent for the operation period. The maximum adsorption capacity (X/M) for the seven nitrosamine species with apparent breakthrough points ranged from $27.5{\mu}g/g$ (for NDMA) to $671.0{\mu}g/g$ (for NPIP). Carbon usage rate (CUR) for NDMA was 1.07 g/day, 13.4 times higher than that for NPIP (0.08 g/day). The X/M values for the seven nitrosamine species were fitted well with a linear regression ($r^2$ = 0.94) by their octanol-water partitioning coefficient ($K_{ow}$).

Application of Newly PAC Selection Method Based on Economic Efficiency (경제성을 고려한 새로운 PAC 선정방법의 적용)

  • Kim, Young-Il;Bae, Byung-Uk
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
    • /
    • v.28 no.11
    • /
    • pp.1141-1147
    • /
    • 2006
  • In order to applicate a newly method for powdered activated carbon(PAC) selection based on economic efficiency, PAC adsorption tests were performed for removal of MIB and dissolved organic carbon(DOC) in drinking water supplies. The removal rate of MIB increased when the PAC dose increased. The Coal-based PACs were superior for adsorption of MIB compared to wood-based PACs. PAC adsorption of DOC and $UV_{254}$ were a little different for different PACs and types of raw water, but both were lower than adsorption of MIB. Among the tested PACs, the one called P-1000 was most effective for removal of MIB, DOC and $UV_{254}$. Most of the organics in the tested samples were proven by excitation emission matrix(EEM) results to be fulvic-like materials. Especially, fulvic-like materials, humic-like materials, and soluble microbial byproduct(SMP)-like materials decreased after contact with PAC. P-1000 which had the lowest MIB cost index(MCI) was selected as the optimum PAC for the target water. PAC efficiency and treatability, particle size and distribution, and the cost associated with PAC dosing for MIB removal according to DOC concentration should all be considered before making the final selection of the best PAC for the target water.