• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.161-171
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• 2016

As social environment has changed, a practical academy for higher employment rates becomes more important in higher education. It is need to have a paradigm shift in geography education. In this background, this study explore practical education in geography. This study propose practical strategy using GIS curriculum. First, the demand analysis in national and regional area is need. Second, continuous renewal reflecting new technologies is need. Third, capstone design and co-operative education with GIS company is need. Fourth, convergence and diversification in Geography education is need. Fifth, publicity for the practical geography education is need.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.11-19
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aims at exploring and understanding the effect of four independent variables related to dairy retail marketing and distribution (deep freezers, promotions, company support and distributor-retailer relationship) and one moderating variable Covid-19 lockdown on sales of dairy product during the Covid 19 pandemic situation. Research design and methodology: Personal interviews and door-to-door surveys and promotional tools were designed to publicise and collect data from the retailers. The sale data before, during and after promotion activity were all recorded and evaluated to draw an inferential conclusion. Factor analysis and multiple regression methods were adopted to analyses the data collected. Results: The research shows that four out of the five factors studied was found having significant impact on dairy retail sales. The highest impact on sales was contributed by promotions, secondly by the deep freezer impact followed by distributor-retailer relationship during the study period and lastly but not the least due to influence of Covid-19 lockdown. Conclusions: The study contributes to the body of knowledge in cold chain distribution process through utilization of right mix of tools and tactics for effective marketing and distribution of dairy products in developing countries especially during a pandemic situation.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.19-27
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• 2001

It is thought that the sanitary perception and hygienic food treatment of food suppliers as the first handlers of foodstuffs are extremely significant for the safe and sanitary management of food in group meal services. So in this study, a survey of 103 food suppliers who provide raw materials for 80 meal services in business places around Busan area was conducted on general matters, participation in sanitation education, sanitary perception, sanitary treatment of foodstuffs, knowledge of sanitation, etc. The results of the survey are as follows: 1. 42.7% of the subjects have worked for the food supply companies for one to five years and the main job of 36.9% of them is delivery service. Food suppliers who handle over two foodstuffs are 6839%. 2. Concerning the participation in sanitation education, 43.7% of the subjects have not experienced any such education, The reason of 23.3% of them for not having the education is that there have been no opportunity for them at all. And 83.5% of them regard the education on hygiene as necessary. 3. In the sanitary perception, 93.1% of the subjects considered the temperature control of the food delivery vehicles as important and 82.5% of them replied on of the leading causes of food poisoning as foodstuffs. 64.0% thought of their knowledge of food sanitation as not very good, but moderate. 4. Concerning sanitary treatment of foodstuffs, 50.5% of delivery vehicles were wearing sanitary uniforms and 24.3% of them washed their hands while supplying food. 5. In the score of hygienic knowledge, the average score of all food suppliers was 60.6 point. In the score of hygienic knowledge on general matters, managing supervisors got 6.31$\pm$1.70. In the score of hygienic knowledge based on the perception of food sanitation, the food suppliers with the experience of sanitation education scored 6.42$\pm$1.93 point and the point was significant(p<0.01), compared with that of the food suppliers without the experience of sanitation education. The food suppliers who answered their knowledge was very good scored the highest point, 8.00$\pm$1.41. The food suppliers who replied that sanitation education was truly necessary recorded the hygienic knowledge score of 6.75$\pm$1.77, significantly(p<0.01) high. In the score of hygienic knowledge on the basis of the practical degree of sanitary handling of food materials, the food suppliers who answered they cleaned their delivery vehicles everyday scored 6.48$\pm$1.93, the food suppliers who answered they sterilized their delivery vehicles everyday scored 6.29$\pm$1.89, the food suppliers who answered they controlled the temperature of their delivery vehicles irregularly scored 6.58$\pm$1.79 and the food suppliers who answered they washed their hands every time when they were working scored 6.86$\pm$2.24, significantly(p<0.05) high in comparison with every item in other factors. And the food suppliers who answered they were wearing sanitary uniforms irregularly while supplying foodstuffs scored the highest point, 6.66$\pm$2.92.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• v.45
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• pp.153-186
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• 2023

Since the 2000s, Korean society has been transitioning into a multicultural society with a sharp increase in the influx of various non-Koreans including immigrant workers, immigrant spouses, international students, and refugees. As a result, Korea, which had maintained religious peace and coexistence as a multi-religious society, is showing signs of increased risks of social problems such as the surfacing of conflicts between religions. Religion can contribute to the integration and safety of communities in the process of becoming a multicultural society, but at the same time, it requires discussion from an educational perspective because of its ambivalence in potentially causing conflict within communities. Considering that one of the main functions of religion is social integration, religious education is required for the stable settlement of multicultural societies. In recognition of this, discussion regarding a new perspective on religious education is needed to respond to religious diversity and to understand the current society and the means of becoming a global citizen. This new discussion would be a 'general religious education' model that provides an education covering various religious and non-religious worldviews in order to cultivate 'religious literacy.' However, in a multicultural society, while general religious education may be useful in reducing prejudice and discrimination among students in an integrated environment, it should also be recognized that a 'special religious education' would be needed to acknowledge the unique values of each human group. This would be the most effective approach to multiculturalism. Therefore, this study proposes a form of 'cooperative religious education,' which combines general religious education and special religious education as a direction for religious education. In providing readers with background context, this study will review Korean religious policies and religious education, and then present realistic methods that can be implemented in schools.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.454-463
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• 2013

Upon changing architectural education system into 5-year program, the design studio in university should meet the requirement in order to acquire the accredition. This study investigates on student' perceptions and responses, according to the configuration(open, mixed, closed), to their studio environment. Results and suggestions are as follows for all types: First, there should be space for individual activities for the student: Second, excluding space for excluding space for the individual work, seperated area must be provided for co-operative work, such as making models; Third, a clear territorial distintion between the individual and the co-work space should be able to set by the students, using. for instance, movable partition or corridor; Fourth, however, in line with the types, a seperated lecture or seminar room in the open type, a device to prevent distraction such as noise in the mixed type, and more space for co-work in the closed type are also suggested.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.27-34
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• 2003

Present combustion engines have reached almost at the limit of development due to the fundamental structural problems. This study was carried out to propose a new concept internal combustion engine which has great potential advantages to the conventional engines. Proposed new concept engine is a kind of rotary engine. A rotor is rotating concentrically in a cylinder which is divided into two partitioning valves. and it makes four compartments in the cylinder. The volumes of each of four compartments are changing continuously with the rotor movement, and performs the functions of intake, compression. expansion and exhaust simultaneously. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. 1. Expected theoretical thermal efficiency is 44.9 percent at the condition of 1000rpm and compression ratio of 8.0. which is almost the same as that of the conventional engines. i.e., piston and Wankel rotary engine. 2. The new concept engine has 2. working strokes in every revolution. Therefore. the new concept engine can reduce the specific weight and volume than four-stroke piston engine. 3. The torque variation is very small. therefore minimal noise and vibration are expectable. 4. The new concept engine can reduce mechanical energy loss than piston engine because neither crank mechanism nor eccentrical motion exists.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.29-41
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• 2009

Objectives : This study was performed to compare consciousness of doctors on cooperative practices of western medicine and traditional Korean medicine, and to provide policy implication for development of cooperative practices. Methods : The structured questionnaires were mailed to 132 doctors working in non-cooperative practicing university hospital and 77 doctors working in cooperative practicing hospitals in Busan metropolitan city. The response rate was 40.2% and 40.3% respectively. This survey was performed from 10 Oct. 2008 to 31 Oct. 2008. Results : The doctors working in general hospital had comparatively negative consciousness on basic concept, value and necessity for cooperative practices and traditional Korean medicine. In regards with disease treatment's effectiveness of cooperative practices, both groups evaluated musculoskeletal and immune disease were more effective than others. There were positive relationships between perception for cost-effectiveness and consciousness on intention to participate cooperative practices(p<0.05). Also doctors who experienced traditional medicine treatment had positive consciousness on cooperative practices(p=0.05). Conclusions : To activate cooperative practices of western medicine and traditional Korean medicine, some efforts should be carried out. These include promoting cooperative education programs in medical schools and traditional Korean medical schools, doing research on cost-effectiveness of cooperative practices, and trying to minimize legal and systemic restrictions for cooperative practices.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.31-39
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• 2016

In recent university classes, consistent effort to improve co-operative interaction and communication between student and professor utilizing SNS(Social Network Service) is being made. This research conducted survey study with 137 pre-teachers in Daejeon & Chungnam area in order to find the relationship between pre-teachers' ego resilience, level of social support and awareness of the instructional outcome in classes that incorporate SNS. According to the result, it has been found that male's class satisfaction is higher than female's class satisfaction, while significant correlations have been found between ego resilience-social support, social support-class satisfaction, social support-semester satisfaction, and class satisfaction-semester satisfaction. Also, ego resilience and social support have significant effect on awareness of the instructional outcome. From these results, a rather close attention towards students' characteristics and their adaptation in class is needed in order to successfully carry out classes that incorporate various new media.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.241-246
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• 2010

Purpose: Laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy (LAG) has become a technically feasible and safe procedure for early gastric cancer treatment. LAG is being increasingly performed in many centers; however, there have been few reports regarding LAG at low-volume centers. The aim of this study was to report our early experience with LAG in patients with gastric cancer at a low-volume center. Materials and Methods: The clinicopathologic data and surgical outcomes of 39 patients who underwent LAG for gastric cancer between April 2007 and March 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Results: The mean age was 68.3 years. Thirty-one patients had medical co-morbidities. The mean patient ASA score was 2.0. Among the 39 patients, 4 patients underwent total gastrectomy and 35 patients underwent distal gastrectomy. The mean blood loss was 145.4 ml and the mean operative time was 259.4 minutes. The mean time-to-first flatus, first oral intake, and the postoperative hospital stay was 2.8, 3.1, and 9.3 days, respectively. The 30-day mortality rate was 0%. Postoperative complications developed in 9 patients, as follows: anastomotic leakage, 1; wound infection, 1; gastric stasis, 2; postoperative ileus, 1; pneumonia, 1; cerebral infarction, 1; chronic renal failure, 1; and postoperative psychosis, 1. Conclusions: LAG is technically feasible and can be performed safely at a low-volume center, but an experienced surgical team and careful patient selection are necessary. Furthermore, for early mastery of the learning curve for LAG, surgeons need education and training in addition to an accumulation of cases.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2004

Urban parks provide good services to the community, and they are enhanced by citizen participation. For that especially, organizational and continued volunteering can be a key strategy. The purpose of this study is to establish factors on promoting the continuity of volunteering in voulatary associations of urban parks. Variables of continuity are continual will, continual time, and psychological continuance motive. To add to this, this study is intended to inquiry about recognition and compensation that volunteers want to receive. The major findings are as follows: First, The main participantes were housewives with high education. Second, Continual will was influenced by gender, profession, the satisfactory degree for individual pursuit an ideal, and the degree of confidence with members. Third, Continual time was influenced by profession and individual network in community. Forth, Continual motive was influenced by individual network in community, the result-analysis behavior of related government organ, the degree of confidence and the degree of ties with members. Finally, Volunteers wanted to receive the volunteering expenses, the compensation about accident, and emotional recognitions. In sum : to ensure the continuity of volunteering, first, recruiting of volunteers is demanded to select a major target group in the community. Second, a voulatary association helps to make confidence and ties with members. Third, the related government organ strives for volunteers to have a positive recognition of the organ's attitudes, for the volunteer association to have a clearly distinguished area of action from the organ's one, and a co-operative system. Finally, an institution needs to be established to give emotional recognitions as well as volunteering expenses and acompensation for accidents.