• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.682-698
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• 2000

Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) functions as a suppressor of inflammation by inhibiting the expression of many cytokine genes activated by NF-${\kappa}B$. The goal of this study is to investigate the mechanism by which GR repress NF-${\kappa}B$ activation in lung epithelial cells. We used A549 and BEAS-2B lung epithelia! cell lines. Using Ig$G{\kappa}$-NF-${\kappa}B$ luciferase reporter gene construct, we found that dexamethasone significantly suppressed TNF-$\alpha$-induced NF-${\kappa}B$ activation and the overexpression of GR showed dose-dependent reduction of TNF-$\alpha$-induced NF-${\kappa}B$ activity in both cell lines. However, DNA binding of NF-${\kappa}B$ induced by TNF-$\alpha$ in electromobility shift assay was not inhibited by dexamethasone. Super shift assay with anti-p65 antibody demonstrated the existence of p65 in NF-${\kappa}B$ complex induced by $\alpha$ Western blot showed that $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$ degradation induced by TNF-$\alpha$ was not affected by dexamethasone and $I{\kappa}B{\kappa}$ was not induced by dexamethasone, neither. To evaluate p65 specific transactivation, we adopted co-transfection study of Gal4-p65TA1 or TA2 fusion protein expression system together with 5xGal4-luciferase vector. Co-transfection of GR with Gal4-p65TA1 or TA2 repressed luciferase activity profoundly to the level of 10-20% of p65TA1- or TA2-induced transcriptional activity. And this transrepressional effect was abolished by co-transfection of CBP of SRC-1 expression vectors. These results suggest that GR-mediated transrepression of NF-${\kappa}B$ in lung epithelial cells is through competing for binding to limiting amounts of transcriptional coactivators, CBP or SRC-1.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.284-288
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• 1993

급속냉각기술로 제조된 $Sm_{2}Co_{3}B_{7}$ 화합물의 저온자기특성(77~450 K 범위)과 결정구조를 연구하여 경자성 재료로서의 응용가능성을 조사하였다. P6/mmm 공간격자의 $Sm_{2}Co_{3}B_{7}$은 150~160 K에서 spin-reorientation 현상을 보였으며, 결정자기이방성 자계(Ha)는 300 k 에서 135 kOe, 77 K 에서 725 kOe의 거대 이방화 에너지를 보였다. 그러나 자기능률(magnetic moment)은 25 emu/g에 그쳤다. Rietveld 분석에 의하여 $Sm_{2}Co_{3}B_{7}$의 결정구조를 밝혔으며 B(4h) 원자는 지금까지 보고된 바와는 달리 Sm(2e) 면에 위치한 것이 아니고 Sm(2e) 면에서 $0.792\;{\AA}$ 떨어져 Sm(2e)면과 Co($6i_{1}$) 면 사이에 위치함을 알았다.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.115-118
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• 2006

Cyclin B1 is known to reflect the M-phase promoting factor (MPF), a universal regulator of G2/M-phase transition, activity during the process of oocytes maturation. To investigate whether culture condition affects the maturation rate and the expression of cyclin B1 protein, bovine immature oocytes are stimulated and cultured according to the following protocols: Experiment 1: denuded oocytes (denude) only, COC only, denuded oocytes+granulosa cells (denude+GCs) and COC+GCs; Experiment 2: no-activation (control), 7% ethanol for 5 min and $10{\mu}l/ml$ ionomycin for 5 min at immediately before maturation. The maturation rates of denude and no-activation group were significantly lower in both experiments (P<0.05), respectively. Co-culture or stimulation method in bovine immature oocytes culture increases the cyclin B1 expression significantly in both experiments (P<0.05). Based on these results, culture condition affects the maturation rate and the expression of cyclin B1 protein during the first meiotic maturation in bovine immature oocytes.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.152-159
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• 2014

The regulation of protein tyrosine phosphorylation is mediated by protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) and protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) and is essential for cellular homeostasis. Co-expression of PTKs with PTPs in Pichia pastoris was used to facilitate the expression of active PTKs by neutralizing their apparent toxicity to cells. In this study, the gene encoding phosphatase PTP1B with or without a blue fluorescent protein or peroxisomal targeting signal 1 was cloned into the expression vector pAG32 to produce four vectors. These vectors were subsequently transformed into P. pastoris GS115. The tyrosine kinases EGFR-2 and $PDGFR{\beta}$ were expressed from vector pPIC3.5K and were fused with a His-tag and green fluorescent protein at the N-terminus. The two plasmids were transformed into P. pastoris with or without PTP1B, resulting in 10 strains. The EGFR-2 and $PDGFR{\beta}$ fusion proteins were purified by $Ni^{2+}$ affinity chromatography. In the recombinant P. pastoris, the PTKs co-expressed with PTP1B exhibited higher kinase catalytic activity than did those expressing the PTKs alone. The highest activities were achieved by targeting the PTKs and PTP1B into peroxisomes. Therefore, the EGFR-2 and $PDGFR{\beta}$ fusion proteins expressed in P. pastoris may be attractive drug screening targets for anticancer therapeutics.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.272-278
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• 2009

$Ca^+-(CO)_n$,과 $Ca^+-(CO_2)_n$ (n=1,2) complex에 대한 구조와 결합 에너지를 MP2/6-311++G(2d,p) 방 법과 B3LYP/6-311++G(2d,p) 방법에 의해 계산하였고 vibrational frequencies도 계산하였다. $Ca^+-(CO)_n$의 경우 C-bonded complex와 O-bonded complex가 다 가능함을 보였고, $Ca^+-(CO)_2$에서는 선형과 $C_{2v}$ 형태가 나타남을 볼 수 있었으며 더 안정한 형태는 $C_{2v}$ 구조로 밝혀졌다. $Ca^+-(CO_2)_2$에서도 선형과 $C_{2v}$ 형태를 볼 수 있는데 이 경우는 선형이 근소한 에너지 차이로 더 안정한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.474-481
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• 2018

For this study, we developed clothing in which textile materials that were excellent weather control function for the cold environment and we performed the human subject test with developed clothing to determine the thermal comfort. We used 2 clothing samples developed (A and B, hollow yarn+moisture absorption/quick drying yarn, 3 layers, high stretchable, heat reflection film and lamination treated) and a control sample (Ctrl.) for the human subject test and 8 adult males were used as a human subjects and environmental conditions of chamber were $0{\pm}1^{\circ}C$. $50{\pm}5%RH$, 0.3m/sec. The results were as follows: The average skin temperature and hand, thigh temperature of B were higher than B and Ctrl. (p<.05). The micro-climates of B were near to thermal comfort range which is $32{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ and $50{\pm}10%\;RH$. The chest temperature of B was significantly higher than others (p<.05). The relative humidity of B was lower than others and kept stable rather than others. The thermal sensation of B was near the "neutral" and was significantly different from Ctrl. (p<.01) and the weight loss of B was lower than Ctrl. (p<.05). The counting task and hand temperature was positively related and the counting task value of B and A is bigger than Ctrl. and that of A was bigger than Ctrl. (p<.05).

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.548-554
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• 1997

수직 Bridgman방법으로 $Mg_{0.18}Zn_{0.84}$Te:Co(Co:0.01 mole%)단결정을 성장시켰다. 성장된 단결정의 결정구조와 광흡수 spectra를 연구하였다. X 선 회절무늬로부터 성장된 단결정의 구조는 cubic구조이었고 격자상수 a=6.1422 $\AA$이었다. 광흡수 측정결과 $Co^{2+}$ 이온에 기인된 $A-band:^4A_2(^4F){\to}^4T_2(^4F),\; B-band:^4A_2(^4F){\to}^4T_1(^4F), C- band:^4A_2(^4F){\to}^4T_1(^4P)$의 intracenter transition과, 흡수단 근처의 charge transfer에 의한 photoionization transition에 관계된 D-band를 550-770 nm의 파장영역에서 관측하였다. 또한 결정장 이론에 의해 결정매개변수(Dq)와 Racah parameter(B)를 결정하였다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1991년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.462-465
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• 1991

In this paper, a newly developed uninterruptible power supply adopted insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT'S) is introduced. The focus is on harmonic reduction, high efficiency and so on. The overview, hardware and software of the newly developed ups system are also discussed. Finally, the merit of the newly developed ups compared with conventional ups is described.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.389-390
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• 2009

• 대한화학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.165-169
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• 1967

X-線 螢光分析에 依한 微量金屬 Hg, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Co와 Fe의 定量을 하기 爲하여 測定 試料의 調製에 關한 새로운 方法을 發展시켰다. 微量金屬들을 水溶液으로부터 pH 8에서 $Al_2(SO_4)_3$를 Carrier로 $H_2S$을 通하여 沈澱시켰다. 이 金屬硫化物 沈澱을 Membranfilter로 濾過한 後 Gelatine으로 沈澱을 固定시켰다. 이것을 X-線 螢光分析에 依하여 各 金屬들의 絶對量을 分析한 結果 다른 方法으로 調製한 試料보다 그 層이 얇은므로써 Matrix 영향이 나타나지 않았다. 또 $Al_2(SO_4)_3$를 Carrier로 使用하므로 좋은 再現性을 얻었다. 그리고 위 方法으로 調製한 試料에서 Hg, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni와 Co는 濃度範圍 50~1000p.p.b에서 相對 標準偏差 5.0%로 測定되었고 Fe는 濃度範圍 50~1000 p.p.b에서 相對 標準偏差 6.1%의 좋은 結果를 얻었다.