• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.45-57
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• 2022

This study aims to analyze the macramé technique used in costume design based on the cases from 2011 to 2020, when the macramé technique became popular. The research data are the results of analyzing the materials, clothing items, and structural combination of macramé knots by season, year, and collection from 2011 S/S to 2020 F/W, focusing on the four major fashion collections New York, Paris, London, and Milan. Macramé appeared often in the S/S season, and in the 2019 and 2020 S/S seasons, macramé was identified as a keyword for fashion trends based on its frequent usage. Overhand knots were used the most for the types of macramé knots used in costumes, and overhand knots were also used the most in the S/S season and in the New York, Paris, and Milan collections. Rope was the most frequently used material for macramé knots, and it was confirmed that it appeared frequently in 2011 and 2019, and ropes were also used often in the London, Milan, and Paris collections. One-piece appeared the most in the S/S season and F/W season as costume items. In addition, the costumes used as layers in the S/S season appeared most often, and in 2019 and 2020, the layered combination appeared most frequently in London and New York collections. It is judged that macramé appears repeatedly in the S/S season depending on the type of knot and is used as a layered look, making it a decorative element rather than a practical element. This study is expected to help develop modern fashion design by drawing attention to the value of the macramé technique expressed as handcrafted work.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.245-255
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• 2013

Identification of paint on victim's clothing and a vehicle are valuable for forensic examination when investigating hit-and-run accidents. Automotive paints on clothes are used to prove a victim caused by traffic accident and to identify a suspected vehicle. The comparison of transferred paints between victim's vehicle and suspected vehicle can be an important evidence in reconstructing the accident situation and in discovering the truth. The paints such as white, yellow, red, blue, or black are hard to examine particle shape under a stereomicroscope because of it is not included aluminum, pearl, and mica flakes in the pigments. The aim of this study under forensic aspect is to compare pigment among basecoat layers of solid paints by identifying inorganic elemental compositions and binder resins of pigments using by micro-FT-IR and micro-XRF spectrometer. The pigment samples were analyzed by using two methods of FT-IR: Reflectance and ATR method. Two methods of FT-IR were useful in discriminating binder resins of pigments by comparing characteristic peaks and patterns of spectra. Also, XRF spectrometer could identify the elemental compositions in inorganic pigments of trace paints which are difficult to compare the identification by FT-IR.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 2018

When the fire in the high-rise building was not extinguished in its early stage and propagated over its origin, safe egress becomes one of the most important factor to minimize the casualties. Recently fire protection for high-rise building has been reinforced after experiencing the series of disastrous fires. But, we still find many high-rise buildings do not comply with those reinforcement. And also there is a possibility of failure of reinforced fire protection system. Under these situation safe egress guide would be the final layer of protection. In this study existing egress methods were identified and evaluated. According the result of study, priority in egress should be given to the tenants on the floor of fire origin and floors exposed to the risk of fire. Then, the rest of the tenants can be evacuated simultaneously. Floors exposed in fire risk shall be determined by fire tests and/or fire simulations. But, the result of fire monitoring shall override preliminary estimations. Egress time for each algorithm was estimated by egress simulation and the result was compared. There was a little difference in egress time between total egress and phased egress, and a big difference between using stairs only and using elevators and stairs together. to a constant thickness between layers constituting a firefighter's protective clothing should be considered in the future.

• Clean Technology
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.237-243
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• 2023

Aerogel is the most excellent insulation material known to date, but it is inflexible and has very low strength. A blanket containing aerogel in a nonwoven fabric or fiber is currently the most practical form. However, aerogel blankets are not yet widely used because they cannot avoid dust generation when handled, lack flexibility, and can possibly deform. In this study, vacuum treatment, surface treatment, and composite materialization technology were applied to solve this problem, and some prototypes were also made. If an aerogel blanket is wrapped in an aluminum sheet, sealed at the four ends, and vacuumed, it can become a material with better insulation than the blanket itself. An aerogel molded body can be made by coating the aerogel blanket with resin and treating the surface. If the aerogel blanket is multi-packed and laminated with resin or fiber in multiple layers to make it a composite material, it can be used as a flexible insulation material. In particular, this composite material, which utilizes a Teflon membrane with controlled pores, is breathable and waterproof, so it can be used for clothing. Prototypes of insoles for winter boots and outdoor roll mats were also produced using aerogel blanket resin and fiber composites. These prototypes showed low thermal conductivity of less than 20 mW m^-1K^-1, with good flexibility and durability.