• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제33권3호
• /
• pp.419-427
• /
• 1993

Thirteen strains of Clostridium perfringens were isolated from the pigs with hemorrhagic enteritis. The characteristics of the outbreaks, clinical signs and lesions were examined. The biochemical properties, type of toxin and susceptibility to antimicrobial agents of the isolates were investigated. The results could be summarized as follows ; 1. Almost of the pigs affected with hemorrhagic enteritis, 17 cases examined from 1989 to 1992, were piglets less than 7 day old. 2. The average mortality rate of piglet less than 7 day old affected with hemorragic and necrotic enteritis was 48.5%. 3. The clinical signs of pigs with hemorrhagic enteritis were depression, hemorrhagic diarrhea, anemia and dehydration. Necropsy of the infected pigs showed typical hemorrhage of upper intestine and necrosis of mucosal membrane. 4. The characteristic biochemical properties of the isolates were 2-band hemolysis, positive reaction of reverse CAMP test and formation of LV precipitate in egg yolk medium. 5. The toxin type of the 13 isolates, investigated by mouse inoculation test, was all type C strains of Clostridium perfringens. 6. In susceptibility test to antimicrobial agents, 13 isolates of Clostridium perfringens were highly sensitive to ampicillin, enrofloxacin(Baytril), cephalothin, penicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.

• 한국동물위생학회지
• /
• 제43권1호
• /
• pp.31-37
• /
• 2020

Clostridial bacteria are zoonotic agents, which cause severe necrotizing enteritis, pseudo-membrane colitis, enterotoxemia to both humans and animals. The objective of this study was to monitor the antibiotic resistance of Clostridium isolates on clinical specimens from wild animals in Seoul zoo for 5 years. Clostridium isolates were verified by using Vitek2 compact machine. Antibiotic susceptibility was assessed by antibiotic disc diffusion test, which was followed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion test method. The frequency of Antimicrobial resistance of Clostridium isolate was the greatest in gentamicin (87%), then in order of amikacin (80%). There were 55.6% of Clostridium isolates showed multiple drug resistance (MDR). These results showed that a lot of Clostridial bacteria from wild animals in Seoul zoo were acquired antibiotic resistance. Because of the wild animal's aggressive manner, it has been hard to collect clinical samples from wild animals in a zoo to exam antibiotic susceptibility. For these reasons, empirical use of antibiotics has been performed in frequently. It may cause to increase the emergence of antibiotic resistance bacteria. In addition, the antibiotic resistance bacteria from zoo animals can be spread to other wild animals which inhabit around the zoo. Therefore, regular monitoring of antibiotic resistance Clostridial bacteria is important to protect animals and humans from Clostridial diseases.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.193-199
• /
• 2016

Global warming caused from the heavy consumption of fossil fuel is one of the biggest problems to be solved. Biofuel has been gained more attention as an alternative to reduce the consumption of fossil fuel. Recently, butanol produced from the genus Clostridium has been considered as one of the promising alternatives for gasoline, fossil based fuel. Nevertheless, the lack of the genome-engineering tools for the genus Clostridium is the major hurdle for the economic production of butanol. More recently, genome engineering tools have been developed for metabolic engineering of butanol-producing Clostridium species, which includes genome scale network model and genome editing tools on the basis of mobile group II introns and CRISPR/Cas system. In this study, the genome engineering tools for butanol-producing Clostridium species have been reviewed with a brief future perspective.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.56-62
• /
• 1989

유아 분변으로부터 장내 병원균인 Cl. perfringens ATCC 13124에 대하여 생육저해 작용을 가지는 낙산 생성균주 1D-1113을 분리하였다. 1D-113 균주는 Cl. butyricum으로 동정되었다. 임상적인 응용을 위하여 1D-113 균주의 포자형성과 포자의 성질을 조사하였다. SM배지에서 12시간 배양 후 포자를 형성하기 시작하여 36시간까지 포자를 형성하였으며, 이때 포자형성율은 95% 이상이었다. 또한 시판의 유포자성 낙산균과 유산균 정장제와 비교해 볼 때 제제화한 1D-113균주의 포자는 양호한 열내성, 보존성 및 내산성을 가지고 있었다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.407-414
• /
• 1994

Anaerobic fermentative bacteria were isolated from the acidogenic reactor of a labora- tory scale 2-stage anaerobic digestor. The isolate 1-6 was selected for its ablity to produce more fatty acids from distillery wastewater than others, and was identified as a strain of Clostridium. The isolate Clostridium sp. 1-6 is a thermophilic bacterium growing at 55$\circ$c , and grew best at pH 5.5. An acidogenic reactor using immobilized cells of the isolate Clostridium sp. 1-6 removed about 15% of COD from distillery wastwater as hydrogen, producing about 50 mM butyrate and about 10 mM acetate, when the reactor was operated at the hydraulic retention time(HRT) of 0.8 hr. It is proposed that this system can be used to convert the distillery wastewater to hydrogen and butyrate. More than 90% of COD was removed from the wastewater by anaerobic digestion using a 2-stage digestor consisting of a UASB methanogenic reactor and an acidogenic reactor of the immobilized cells of isolate Clostridium sp. 1-6.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.35-37
• /
• 2015

Pleuropulmonary diseases caused by Clostridial species infections are rare, but have a mortality rate of up to 30%. Furthermore, older people are at greater risk of developing invasive clostridium infections, and the majority of reported cases of clostridium empyema have been attributed to iatrogenic trauma or aspiration. The authors report a case of spontaneous empyema caused by Clostridium perfringens. A 72-year-old woman was admitted to Kangwon National University Hospital for empyema. The patient had no history of trauma, a dental procedure, or aspiration, and was treated using empirical antibiotics and by drainage of pleural fluid. Bacteria species that cause empyema are usually not detected, but on the 4th day of admission, C. perfringens was isolated from the pleural space. The patient was continuously treated with antibiotics for C. perfringens and drainage, and was discharged 25 days after admission with almost a fully recovered status. Increased awareness of Clostrium species infection in the elderly is needed to ensure appropriate treatment.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.292-295
• /
• 1990

본 실험에서는 Clostridium sp. KH-1167의 항생물질 생산을 위한 최적 배양조건에 대하여 고찰하였다. PY 배지를 기초배지로 사용하였을 때 탄소원으로는 1의 glucose가 가장 효과적이었으며, 질소원으로는 casamino acid가 비교적 양호한 것으로 나타났다. Salt에 있어서는 여러 salt를 복합적으로 첨가하였을 때 활성이 최대로 나타났다. 배지초기 pH 및 배양온도에 대한 최적 조건은 각각 pH5와 $30^{\circ}C$로 나타났으며 108시간 배양하였을 때 항생물질의 생산이 최대로 나타났다. 이러한 배양조건 최적화 실험결과 KH-1167의 항생물질 생산능력은 처음 분리에 사용되었던 배지에서 보다 450정도 증가되었다.

• 미생물학회지
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.311-317
• /
• 1990

Intraspecific and interspecific protoplast fusions in/between C. thermocellum and C. thermohydrosulfuricum were studied. Protoplast fusions were well induced in 30-40% PEG solution, however, their fusion frequencies were low level of 1.2*10$^{-7}$ for intraspecific fusion of C. thermocellum, $6.7*10^{-7}$ for C. thermohydrosulfuricum, and 4.2*10$^{-7}$ for interspecific fusion between above two Clostridia, respectively. Most fusants were unstable and segregated after 3 subcultures. Relatively stable intraspecific C. thermocellum fusant FTT17, intraspecific C. thermohydrosulfurecum fusant FSS22 and interspecific fusant FTS3, which were stable after several subcultures, were selected and properties of fusants were further investigated, Phenotypes of the fusants were similar with wild types mostly in cellular morphology, carbon source assimilation and enzyme activities. However they were differed in assimilation of pyruvic acid and sorbitol as carbon source. The DNA contents of fusants were slightly increased compared with wild types. Ethanol production by intraspecific and/or interspecific fusants was not increased, however, acetic acid production as byproduct was decreased or not detected, which indicates that industrial thermophilic anaerobes can be improved by means of protoplast fusion of two strains.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.249-256
• /
• 1992

국내에서 구입 가능한 주요 식이 소재로부터 장내의 대표적인 유해균인 Clostridium perfringens의 생육을 억제시키는 소재를 탐색한 결과 감자즙에서 강력한 항균활성을 발견하였다. 감자즙 중 70% 황산암모늄용액에서 침전되는 단백질성 물질이 항균활성을 나타낸 것으로 밝혀졌으며, 이 감자단백질은 pH 4~10 사이에서는 안정하나 $60^{\circ}C$에서 10분간의 열처리로 그 활성이 소실되었다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.47-53
• /
• 1993

순수분리된 2,000여주의 혐기성 세균으로부터 선발된 Clostridium sp. KN-431은 bacteria 및 fungi에 대하여 재현성있는 항균활성을 나타내는 항생물질 KG-431A와 KG-431B를 생산하였다. 이들 중 KG-431B는 항암활성이 1차 검색에서도 양성반응을 보인 바 이에 대한 후속연구를 계획중에 있다. 이들의 MIC 값을 비교해 보면 완전정제가 가능하였던 KG-431B 보다는 차라리 정제과정에서 많은 어려움이 따라 불완전 상태로 실험을 행한 KG-431A의 활성이 더 뛰어난 것을 알 수 있었다. 정제된 KG-431B의 여러가니 이화학적 특성과 spectra datark 기지물질인 3-IPA와 일치하나 본 실험을 통해 밝혀진 항암활성의 검색은 정제된 3-IPA에서는 아직까지 알려진 바 없는 생물학적 특성으로 간주된다. 또한 Clostridium 속에서 최초로 발견된 3-IPA 존재에 대한 결과는 아직 정제가 완료되지 않은 KG-431B에 관한 연구와 함께 후속적인 확인 연구가 진행중에 있다.