• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.226-237
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• 2022

Background: Monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of patients with different types of cancer, such as cetuximab, have been widely used for the past 10 years in oncology. Although drug information package insert contains some representative adverse events which were observed in the clinical trials for drug approval, the overall adverse event patterns on the real-world cetuximab use were less investigated. Also, there have been no published papers that deal with the full spectrums of adverse drug events of cetuximab using national-wide drug safety surveillance systems. Methods: In this study, we detected new adverse event signals of cetuximab in the Korea Adverse Event Reporting System (KAERS) by utilizing proportional reporting ratios, reporting odds ratios, and information components indices. Results: The KAERS database included 869,819 spontaneous adverse event reports, among which 2,116 reports contained cetuximab. We compared the labels of cetuximab among the United States, European Union, Australia, Japan, and Korea to compare the current labeling information and newly detected signals of our study. Some of the signals including hyperkeratosis, tenesmus, folliculitis, esophagitis, neuralgia, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, and skin/throat tightness were not labeled in the five countries. Conclusion: We identified new signals that were not known at the time of market approval.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.31-39
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• 2012

Objectives : This work is aimed to reveal the relations between concepts of subhealth(mibyung) and Korean medicine patterns. Methods : We carried out a literature searching on Oasis, RISS, DBpia, Pubmed to summarize concepts of Mibyung. CNKI Searching also was performed with keyword related to mibyung(未病), subhealth(亞健康) and syndrome. Results : Korea, China and Japan have different concepts of mibyung. China's mibyung concept is relatively broader and wide which includes healthy, subhealth, development of disease and recurrence avoid. In contrast, Korea and Japan's mibyung concepts are focused on China's subhealth. Though Mibyung's patterns are varied widely depends on studies, China's studies of subhealth and TCM patterns showed that Deficiency patterns are diagnosed at high frequency in clinical study and literature study. Conclusions : This work could contribute to further study of subhealth(mibyung) and their relations to patterns, diagnostic methods and treatment efficacy.

• International Journal of Clinical Preventive Dentistry
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.241-246
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• 2018

Objective: This study was performed to verify how DISC behavior patterns affect the major satisfaction and professionalism of dental hygiene students and provide basic data for dental hygiene students to have increased major satisfaction and maximize their strength by understanding their DISC behavior pattern. As a result, the following conclusion was obtained. Methods: The data was collected From November 1, 2018 to November 14, 2018, 218 dental hygiene students. Data was collected using self-reported questionnaires. Statistical analysis was performed with IBM SPSS ver. 21.0. Mean (standard deviation) and one-way ANOVA & pearson correlation were performed. Results: The most frequent DISC behavior patterns of dental hygiene students was steadiness types (49.0%) followed by influence types (34.5%), conscientiousness types (9.0%), and dominance types (7.5%). There were no significant difference in professionalism and major satisfaction according to DISC behavior patterns in dental hygiene students. There was a correlation between major satisfaction and professionalism of dental hygiene students. Conclusion: In conclusion, in order for dental hygiene students to establish positive professionalism through increased major satisfaction, it is necessary to make various efforts such as providing consultation and education that corresponds to each student's DISC behavior patterns. These efforts will provide the students career vision and encourage them to improve their academic achievement and find employment that fits their vocational aptitude.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.203-212
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the sleep patterns of nursing students using self-report questionnaire and physiologic measurement, to examine the factors influencing sleep patterns in based on Spielman's model. Methods: Participants were 119 nursing students who were in the clinical practice period. Self-report questionnaires and actigraphy were used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation and regression by the SPSS/WIN 21.0 programs. Results: When sleep was measured by self-report questionnaire, 84 students (70.6%) showed poor sleep quality. The mean sleep efficiency was 82.6%, and 67 students(56.3%) showed low sleep efficiency (less than 85.0%). The factors affecting subjective sleep pattern measured by KMLSEQ were circadian sleep type (${\beta}=.28$, ${\rho}=.003$) and alcohol (${\beta}=.20$, ${\rho}=.031$). The factors affecting total sleep time were sedentary behavior (${\beta}=-.27$, ${\rho}=.003$) and daytime sleepiness (${\beta}=-.33$, ${\rho}$<.001). Conclusion: Many nursing students in their clinical practice period expressed sleep disturbance. Factors affecting the perceived sleep measured by the self-report questionnaire and objective sleep evaluated by physiologic measures were different. The evening type of students perceived poor sleep quality, however, sedentary life style and daytime sleepiness resulted in short sleep time. Therefore, more studies measuring the objective sleep characteristics are needed using subjective and objective characteristics.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.267-274
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• 2006

Klebsiella pneumoniae is the leading cause of nasocomial infection and the most commonly isolated from clinical specimens. $Extended-spectrum-{\beta}-lactamase$ (ESBL) producing K. pneumoniae infection was associated with a significantly longer duration of hospital stay and greater hospital charges. The purpose of this study is to investigate the antibiotic resistant patterns and the DNA fingerprint types of extended-spectrum ${\beta}-lactamase$ (ESBL) producing K. pneumoniae. 223K. pneumoniae strains were collected from three general hospitals with more than 500 beds in Busan, Korea from September 2004 to October 2005. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibiotics was measured using the Gram negative susceptibility (GNS) cards of VITEK (Vitek system, Hazelwood Inc., MO). Random amplified polymorphic DNA method was used to detect DNA fingerprint of the organisms. Of the 226 K. pneumoniae isolates 65 ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae strains were detected by the Vitek system and confirmed by the double-disk synergy test. All the 65K. pneumoniae strains were resistant cefazolin, cefepime, ceftriaxone and aztreonam, and 83.0% of the organisms were resistant to ampicillin/sulbactam, 66.1% to tobramycin, 67.6% to piperacillin/tazobactam, 61.5% to ciprofloxacin, and 47.6% to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and 43.0% to gentamicin. The RAPD patterns were distincted as 10 types by three random 10-mer primers (208, 272, 277). Among ten type patterns, three types (Ic, IIb, IIIe) were remarkably represented at patient of internal department, nerve surgery department, general surgery department, and neonatal room. These results indicate that RAPD can be useful for DNA of strains typing in the epidemiological investigations. Therefore more investigation are needed in order to prevent the ESBL type-producing K. pneumoniae from spreading resistance to oxyimino cephalosphorin antibiotics.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.6267-6271
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• 2013

Objective: To determine clinical efficacy, safety and prognostic factors of pemetrexed plus platinum as first-line treatment in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and Methods: Clinical characteristics, short-term efficacy, survival and adverse reactions of 47 advanced non-squamous NSCLC patients who had received pemetrexed plus platinum as first-line treatment in Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital from January 2009 to June 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. The Chi-squared test was applied to statistically analyze the overall response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR) and toxicity reactions in both groups, while survival data wereanalyzed by Kaplan-Meier and logrank methods, and the COX proportional hazards model was adopted for a series of multi-factor analyses. Results: Only two patients were lost to follow-up. The ORR, DCR, medium progression-free survival time (PFS) and medium overall survival (OS) were 31.9%, 74.5%, 5 months and 15.2 months, while 1- and 2-year survival rates were 63.8% (30/47) and 19.2% (9/47), respectively. Single-factor analysis showed that tumor pathological patterns and efficacy were in association with medium PFS (P<0.05), whereas tumor pathological patterns, smoking history and efficacy were closely connected with medium OS (P<0.05). Multi-factor analyses demonstrated that pathological patterns and efficacy were independent factors influencing OS (P<0.05). The rate of toxicity reactions in degree III/IV was low, including hematologic toxicity marked by decline in white blood cell count and decrease in the platelet count (PLT), and non-hematologic toxicity manifested by gastrointestinal reactions, such as nausea and vomiting. Conclusions: Pemetrexed plus platinum as first-line treatment has excellent efficacy and slight adverse reactions with favorable drug-tolerance in patients with advanced non-squamous NSCLC.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.143-154
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• 1989

The purpose of this study was to investigate the mandibular opening and closing movements at mandibular incisor region and clinical rest position in normal subject using the newly developed electric mandibular movement analyzing device, (M.K.G.-K6 diagnostic system, Myo-tronics Inc. Seattle, WA, U.S.A.) The 58 normal subjects, who were students of the College of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, were selected according to sampling criteria. The obtained results were as follows: 1. There was no significant difference of distribution of opening and closing movement patterns at mandibular incisor region between male and female. There was significant difference between habitual and maximum movement patterns both in sagittal and frontal plane. 2. Although the percentage of distribution of crossover pattern was highest in all cases, but there were significant differences between patterns only at habitual opening and closing movement in sagittal plane. 3. The mean of maximum opening was $47.29{\pm}4.68mm$ in male and $42.15{\pm}4.95mm$ in female. Therefore the mean of maximum opening was larger in male than in female. 4. The mean of maximum laterotrusion in frontal trajectory was larger to the left than to the right. Also the proportion of left deviation at maximum opening position was larger than that of other cases. 5. The mean of maximum opening and closing velocity was higher in male than in female and the mean of closing velocity was higher than that of opening velocity. Also the amount of separation from the centric occlusion was higher in maximum closing velocity than in maximum opening velocity. 6. Clinical rest position was $1.70{\pm}0.99mm$ inferior, $0.74{\pm}0.57mm$ anterior, $0.99{\pm}0.51mm$ right from centric occlusion and the A/V ratio was 1:2.7.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.415-427
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the degree and pattern of knowledge management process, and to identify the relationship between knowledge management process and organizational effectiveness in clinical nurses. Method: Participants were 665 regular clinical nurses who had worked for over 1 year in general units of 9 tertiary medical hospitals including 2 national university hospitals, 5 university hospitals, and 2 hospitals founded by business enterprises. Data were collected from March to May 2003 through questionnaires. Four structured instruments were used to collect the data: Knowledge Management Process Scale(Jeong, Lee, Lee, & Kim, 2003), cCommitment Questionnaire(Mowday, Steers, & Porter, 1979), General Satisfaction Scale(CooK, Hepworth, Wall, & Warr, 1981), and one for general characteristics. The data were analyzed using factor analysis, reliability analysis, descriptive analysis, cluster analysis, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe test, correlation analysis with the SPSS for Windows 10.0 program. Result: 1) The average score for knowledge management process in nurses was $3.08{\pm}.54$ on a 5-point Likert scale. In order from highest mean score, the elements of knowledge management process, were Knowledge $Utilization(3.35{\pm}.57)$, Knowledge $Sharing(3.07{\pm}.58)$, Knowledge $Creation(2.99{\pm}.63)$, and Knowledge $Storage(2.91{\pm}.82)$. 2) Four knowledge management patterns for nurses, which were derived from cluster analysis, were inactivate pattern, delayed pattern, activate pattern, and high-activate pattern of knowledge management. 3) The degree of knowledge management process activation and 4 elements of knowledge management process, Knowledge Creation, Knowledge Storage, Knowledge Sharing, and Knowledge Utilization, were significantly correlated with nurses' organizational commitment and job satisfaction(p=.000). 4) The nurses' organizational commitment and job satisfaction showed significant differences according to the knowledge management patterns derived from cluster analysis of high-activate pattern, activate pattern, delayed pattern, inactivate pattern(p=.000). Conclusion: These results suggest that there are four knowledge management patterns for nurses, and knowledge management process positively affects the nurses' organizational commitment and job satisfaction. From the above findings, knowledge management process is empirically verified as a useful and effective method to increase organizational effectiveness, and develop the organization.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 한국정보과학회 2003년도 봄 학술발표논문집 Vol.30 No.1 (B)
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• pp.175-177
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• 2003

This paper addresses a problem of classifying human breast cancer into its subtypes. A main ingredient in our approach is kernel machines such as support vector machine (SVM). kernel principal component analysis (KPCA). and kernel partial least squares (KPLS). In the task of breast cancer classification, we employ both SVM and KPLS and compare their results. In addition to this classification. we also analyze the patterns of clinical outcomes in the feature space. In order to visualize the clinical outcomes in low-dimensional space, both KPCA and KPLS are used. It turns out that these methods are useful to identify correlations between clinical outcomes and the nonlinearly protected expression profiles in low-dimensional feature space.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.213-219
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• 2016

Objective: Although guideline recommends beta blockers (BBs) as first line antianginal agent and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) as alternatives after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), the prescription patterns in real practice are not in accordance with the guideline. We aimed to investigate the prescribing patterns of primary antianginal drug and relating factors in patients who underwent PCI. Methods: Patients who have undergone PCI without myocardial infarction (MI) from November 2012 to June 2014 and followed up at least one year in a tertiary teaching hospital were included. Prescribing patterns of primary antianginal drug before, at the time of, and one year after PCI were described. Factors affecting drug selection, and their relationship with incidence of clinical outcomes defined as MI and repeated PCI, unscheduled admission or visit related with heart problem were analyzed with multivariate logistic regression. Results: A total of 506 patients were included and as primary antianginal drugs, BB, CCB, and both were prescribed in 32.2%, 24.5%, and 17.8% of patients, respectively. Also, neither BB nor CCB was prescribed at the time of PCI in 25.5% of patients. Compared with BB, CCBs were more likely prescribed in patients who had hypertension (Odds Ratio, OR 2.18, 95% confidence interval, CI 1.16-4.07), use of same class before PCI (OR 7.18, 3.37-15.2) and concomitant angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) use (OR, 1.92, 95% CI 1.10-3.33). Incidence of clinical outcomes were not significantly greater in patients who prescribed CCB compared with BB at the time of PCI (aOR 1.32, CI 0.65-2.68). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that half of the patients who underwent PCI were prescribed BB. CCB were favored in patients with hypertension, use of same class before PCI, and concomitant ARB use. Significant difference in clinical outcome was not observed between BB and CCB selection as primary antianginal drug.