• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.12-18
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• 2015

Skin is an emerging target tissue in pharmaceutical and cosmetic science. Safety assessment for dermal toxicity is a critical step for development of topically applicable pharmaceutical agents and ingredients in cosmetics. Urgent needs exist to set up toxicity testing methods for dermal safety, and identification of novel biomarkers for pathological cutaneous alteration is highly required. Here we will discuss if vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has a potential as a biomarker for dermal impairment. Experimental and clinical evidences for induction of keratinocytic VEGF under pathological conditions will be reviewed.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.270-274
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• 1993

The acute toxicity of a recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (code name: LBD-005) was evaluated in both sexes of ICR mice, 5~6 weeks old, by the oral, subcutaneous and intravenous routes of administration. Based on the results of the acute toxicity study, LBD-005 was not considered to induce any toxic effect on the mice in mortalities, clinical findings, body weights and gross findings. It is suggested that $LD_50$ values in mice would be >48 mg/kg in the oral route and >24 mg/kg in the subcutaneous or intravenous route.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.261-268
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• 1996

An experimental study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of nerve growth factor(NGF) on inferior alveolar nerve in a rabbit model. In 20 New Zealand white rabbits, 14mm of bilat eral alveolar nerve were resected and the defects were repaired with the 17mm silicone conduits. In group I, 5mm autologous nerve segment were located centrally in the left side after tubulization and NGF solution(Sigma chemical 0.1 mg/mL) was instilled into each conduit. In group II, nerve repair modality was the same but no NGF solution was instilled into the conduits. On 2 months and 6 months postoperatively, the results were evaluated by clinical and hist omorphometric assessment. The result was that autologous nerve segment group show the best nerve regeneration effect and NGF instilled group the worst.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.431-440
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• 1999

This study was mainly done by factors analyzing to find out the structure and the dimension of the results of a previous study; analyzing the school and hospital dietitians'human attributes needed for successful job performance(Song 1998). The results were as follows: 1) Through factor analysis, the 12 knowledge items were categorized into 4 groups ; ‘basic knowledge of food and nutrition’, ‘knowledge of clinical nutrition and diet therapy’, ‘knowledge of medial science’, and ‘knowledge from experience and common sense’. These 4 knowledge factors were more frequently used and importantly recognized by hospital dietians compared with school dietitians. 2) The 38 skill and ability items were categorized into 7 groups ; ‘ability of program development and research’, ‘ability of counseling and nutrition education’, ‘ability of production control and facility management’, ‘ability to use computer’, ‘ability to cooperate with others’, ‘ability to manage consignment marketing’, and ‘ability of managing situations and informations’. Different skills and abilities were required for each group. 3) The 11 personality items were categorized as 3 groups ; ‘respoinsibility and sincerity’, ‘positive personality’, and ‘affirmative and inquisitive personality’.

• BMB Reports
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.49-59
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• 2003

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is a critical regulator of mesenchymal cell migration and proliferation. The vital functions of PDGFs for angiogenesis, as well as development of kidney, brain, cardiovascular system and pulmonary alveoli during embryogenesis, have been well demonstrated by gene knock-out approaches. Clinical studies reveal that aberrant expression of PDGF and its receptor is often associated with a variety of disorders including atherosclerosis, fibroproliferative diseases of lungs, kidneys and joints, and neoplasia. PDGF contributes to cancer development and progression by both autocrine and paracrine signaling mechanisms. In this review article, important features of the PDGF isoforms and their cell surface receptor subunits are discussed, with regards to signal transduction, PDGF-isoform specific cellular response, and involvement in angiogenesis, and tumorstromal interactions.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.41-48
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• 1992

The actue toxicity of a recombinant granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (code name: LBD-005) was evaluated in both sexes of Sprague-Dawley rats, 4 weeks old, by the oral, subcutaneous and intravenous routes of administration. LBD-005 in the acute toxicity study in the rats was not considerde to induce any toxicological effect on the rats in mortalities, clinical findings, body weights and gross findings. It is suggested that $LD_{50}$ values in rats would be >48 mg/kg in the oral route and >12 mg/kg in the subcutaneous or intravenous route.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 2020

Sanyeoleumja (SY) is the traditional Korean medicinal prescription for the treatment of inflammatory diseases of eyes. In this study, the anti-inflammatory effects of SY water extract were investigated. To measure the anti-inflammatory effects of SY, we examined the productions of inflammatory factor including nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE₂), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells. SY inhibited NO and PGE₂ production in a dose dependent manner and decreased the protein and mRNA expression of iNOS and COX-2. Also, SY decreased the mRNA expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). In conclusion, SY downregulated LPS-induced inflammatory factor productions, which could be a clinical basis for inflammatory diseases.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.105-113
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• 2016

Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) is a life-threatening pulmonary complication in patients with hematologic malignancies or autoimmune disorders. The current treatment options, which include corticosteroids, transfusions, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), and immunosuppressants, have been limited and largely unsuccessful. Recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) has been successfully administered, either systemically or bronchoscopically, to adults for the treatment of DAH, but there are few data on its use in pediatric patients. The current literature in the PubMed database was reviewed to evaluate the efficacy and risk of rFVIIa treatment for DAH in pediatric patients. This review discusses the diagnosis and treatment of DAH, as well as a new treatment paradigm that includes rFVIIa. Additionally, the risks and benefits of off-label use of rFVIIa in pediatric patients are discussed.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.41-45
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• 2012

Transcription factors govern diverse aspects of cell growth and differentiation as major switches of gene expression. Etv5, a member of the E26 transformation-specific family of transcription factors, has many stories to share when it comes to reproduction. Etv5 deficient mice show complex infertility phenotypes both in males and females. In males, the infertility phenotype exhibited by Etv5 deficiency is sexually dimorphic, and it involves both somatic cells and germ cells. In $Etv5^{-/-}$ female mice, the problem is more complicated by hormonal involvement. This review synthesizes old and new information on this versatile transcription factor-from the inadvertent discovery of its role in the testes to its newly discovered role in maintaining spermatogonial stem cells.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.143-151
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• 1991

An embryo-derived platelet activating factor (PAF) has been demonstrated to play an important role in reproduction. This report examined the effect of PAF on ovulation, fertilization, embryo development, implantation and fetal viability by using murine model. PAF had no stimulatory effect on ovulation and fertilization. But PAF had stimulatory effect on embryo development in in-vitro test, in spite of no effect on implantation and fetal viability. These results demonstrate that exogenous PAF could enhance embryo development and implantation and give suggestion that PAF may play an role in human IVF program.