• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.316-321
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• 2013

Purpose: Atorvastatin, a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor is widely prescribed in hyperlipidemic patients and telmisartan, an angiotensin receptor blocker is frequently used in the treatment of hypertension. Both drugs are substrates of organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) expressed in basolateral membrane in the liver, and undergo high first pass metabolism. Therefore, OATP-mediated hepatic uptake is important for disposition and metabolism of these drugs. The present study was designed to investigate the pharmacokinetic interactions between atorvastatin and telmisartan in rats. Method: Young adult SD rats were divided into three groups (n=6, each) and atorvastatin (10 mg/kg) and telmisartan (4 mg/kg) were orally given alone and together. Heparinized blood was serially taken and plasma concentrations of both drugs were measured using HPLC-MS/MS. Pharmacokinetic parameters of two drugs were calculated. Results: No significant pharmacokinetic change was found except a delay of time to peak of telmisartan when administered with atorvastatin. Each drug at the present dosage seemed to be insufficient to alter the pharmacokinetic parameters of its counterpart drug. Conclusion: Conclusively, co-administration of atorvastatin and telmisartan may lead to negligible clinical consequences.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.50-60
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• 2019

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to identify the attributes, antecedents, and consequences of the transition of simulation-based learning (SBL) in nursing schools. Methods : The study was conducted in accordance with Walker and Avant's conceptual analysis process. We searched MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and RISS (Korean Education and Research Information Service) databases, resulting in nine studies for an in-depth review. Results : The attributes of transition of SBL include (1) preparing for a professional role, (2) practicing in a real clinical setting, and (3) progressing toward expected competency. Antecedents of the concept include novice status, changing roles, clinical experience in controlled settings, and expected competency in the clinical setting. Conclusion : The transition of SBL includes the important feature of progression toward expected competency. Further research is needed to identify graduate nurses' experiences during this transition to establish a strategy for improving it and developing a measurement tool that reflects attributes of the concept.

• 대한유전성대사질환학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.15-21
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• 2021

목적: 요소회로대사 질환은 선천성 대사이상질환으로, 요소 회로 각 단계의 특정 효소의 결핍에 따라 다양한 질환과 임상적 증상이 나타난다. 본 연구의 목적은 요소회로대사 질환의 다양한 종류에 따른 장기적 임상 경과를 조사하는 것이다. 방법: 부산대학교 어린이병원에 등록된 22명의 요소회로대사 질환 환자들의 임상적 양상과 생화학적, 유전학적 검사 결과들을 포함한 의무기록을 후향적으로 조사하였다. 결과: 본 연구에서 진단된 요소회로대사 질환은, OTCD 10명(45.5%), ASSD 6명(27.3%), CPS1D 3명, HHHS 2명 ARG1D 1명으로 확인되었다. 진단 시 평균연령은 32.7±66.2개월(범위 0.1-228.0개월) 이었다. 요소회로대사 질환 환자 8명(36.4%)에서 성장 장애가 동반되었다. 또한 요소회로대사 질환 환자11명(50%)에서는 신경학적 후유증이 관찰되었다. 분자유전학적 분석 결과 새로운 돌연변이 14개를 포함해 37개의 서로 다른 돌연변이 유형(과오돌연변이 14개, 넌센스 6개, 결실변이 6개, 스플라이싱변이 6개, 결실삽입변이 3개, 삽입변이 1개, 중복변이 1개)이 확인됐다. 진행성 성장 장애와 나쁜 신경학적 결과는 혈장 이소루이신과 루이신 농도와 각각 관련이 있었다. 결론: 단백의 제한과 같은 조치나 과다한 질소를 제거하는 약제의 복용에도 불구하고, 요소회로대사 질환의 예후는 아직까지 만족스럽지 못하다. 가지사슬아미노산의 보충이 요소회로대사 질환 환자들의 성장부전과, 대사성 위기 또는 신경학적 예후에 효과를 보일지에 관해서는 전향적인 추가 연구가 필요하겠다.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.154-164
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to describe clinical nurses' lived experiences of workplace verbal violence through qualitative research using descriptive phenomenology. Methods: Six female Korean nurses who had less than 5 years of clinical experience and had experienced verbal violence in the workplace within the past year participated in the study. Data were collected through one-on-one in-depth interviews with the participants and analyzed using Colaizzi's phenomenological method. Results: A total of 27 codes, eight themes, and four theme clusters were derived from the participants' statements. The four theme clusters of the clinical nurses' experiences of verbal violence in the workplace were as follows: "tip of the iceberg," "beyond me and my control," "fear and resignation," and "personal burden." The participants recognized that nurses experienced verbal violence daily, and that the causes of and responses to verbal violence were determined by external situational factors rather than nurses' individual problems. This suggests that nurses felt that they had no choice but to personally cope with verbal violence and bear the consequences due to systematic indifference and silence about verbal violence experienced by clinical nurses. Conclusion: The findings show that verbal violence was pervasive and unmerited, yet often endured at the cost of a personal burden to nurses. A clear definition of verbal violence and education for employees are needed, and a reporting system should be established to report all forms of violence regardless of the severity of the incident.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.69-74
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• 2015

예방하려는 노력에도 불구하고, 치과진료 중 이물질을 삼키는 일이 발생한다. 주의 깊은 임상적 검사와 적절한 방사선학적 평가, 시의적절한 응급 치료가 심각한 결과를 예방할 수 있다. 본 증례에서는 환자가 이물질을 삼킨 케이스를 보고하고, 소아치과 영역에서 치과 기구의 섭취와 흡인의 예방과 관리에 대해 기술하고자 한다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제52권8호
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• pp.862-868
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• 2009

Since its identification in April 2009, a swine-origin H1N1 influenza A virus (S-OIV) which is a reassortment of gene segments from both North American triple-reassortant and Eurasian swine influenza has been widely spread among humans in unexpected rapidity. To date, each gene segment of the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) outbreak viruses have shown high (99.9%) neucleotide sequence identity. As of July 6, 94,512 people have been infected in 122 countries, of whom 429 have died with an overall case-fatality rate of <0.5%. Most confirmed cases of S-OIV infection have been characterized by self-limited, uncomplicated febrile respiratory illness and 38% of cases have also included vomiting or diarrhea. Standard plus droplet precautions should be adhered to at all times. Tests on S-OIV have indicated that current new H1N1 viruses are sensitive to neuraminidase inhibitors (oseltamivir). However, current less virulent S-OIV may evolve into a pathogenic strain or acquire antiviral resistance, potentially with more severe clinical consequences. Efforts to control these outbreaks would be based on our understanding of novel S-OIV and previous influenza pandemics.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.152-158
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• 2009

Reduced fetal growth is independently associated with increased risk of health problems in later life, particularly type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Insulin resistance appears to be a key component underlying these metabolic complications. It is suggested that detrimental fetal environment may program insulin resistance syndrome. An insulin-resistant genotype may also result in both low birth weight and insulin resistance syndrome, and it is likely that the association of low birth weight with insulin resistance is the result of both genetic and environmental factors. Early postnatal rapid catch-up growth is closely related to risk for subsequent metabolic diseases. Fat mass is strikingly reduced in neonates born small for gestational age (SGA), and recent data suggest that insulin resistance seen in catch-up growth is related to the disproportionate catch-up in fat mass compared with lean mass. Endocrine disturbances are also recognized in SGA children, but overt clinical problems are infrequent in childhood. Cognitive impairment is reported in some children born SGA, especially those who do not show catch-up growth, in whom early neurodevelopmental evaluation is required. Breast feeding, also known to be protective against the long-term risk of obesity, may prevent some intellectual impairment in SGA children. Calorie-dense feeding does not seem to be appropriate in SGA infants. We must balance the positive effect of nutrition on neural development against rapid fat deposition and the future risk of insulin resistance.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.18-23
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• 2016

Depression is a complicated psychiatric illness with severe consequences. Despite recent advanced achievements of molecular neurobiology, pathophysiology of depression has not been well elucidated. Among new findings of pathophysiology of depression, the possible fast antidepressant effect by N-methyl-D-asparate receptor antagonist, such as ketamine, is regarded as a promising treatment target of depression. Ketamine stimulates the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway and activation of mTOR signaling pathway may be a key mechanism of the antidepressant effect of ketamine. Thus, this review describes the role of mTOR signaling in the pathophysiology of depression and developing a new treatment target of depression.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.202-205
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• 2008

림프절염과 안면신경마비가 동반된 MRSA에 의한 세균성 중이염의 병력이 있는 생후 78일된 영아가 원발성 결핵성 중이염과 림프절염 및 폐결핵으로 확진된 증례를 경험하였다. 저자들은 세균성 중이염의 재발로 판단하고 결핵성 질환의 가능성을 간과하여 진단과 치료가 늦어졌다. 영아에게서 세균성 중이염으로 치료 종결 되었으나 재발 후 원발성 결핵성 중이염으로 확진된 증례는 매우 드물지만, 이와 같은 경우에도 반드시 결핵성 중이염의 가능성을 반드시 고려하여야 한다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.143-146
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• 2005

Although many studies have been performed to elucidate the molecular consequences of ultraviolet irradiation, little is known about the effect of natural products. Ultraviolet irradiation is widely considered to be an environmental stress. Here we investigated the effect of 2',4',7-trihydroxyisoflavone on the regulation of MMP-1 and type 1 procollagen in Ultraviolet irradiation of cultured human dermal fibroblasts. Phytochemical investigation of the whole plants of Viola hondoensis led to the isolation of five flavonoids. The structures of these compounds were identified 2',4',5,7-tetrahydroxyisoflavone (1), 2',4',7-trihydroxyisoflavone (2), 4',7-dihydroxyflavone (3), isoorientin (4), and isovitexin (5) using spectroscopic analysis. Among these, 2',4',7-trihydroxyisoflavone reduced the expression of MMP-1 at the protein levels in a dose-dependent manner by ultraviolet irradiation. Taken together, our results suggest that 2',4',7-trihydroxyisoflavone an important role in the reduction of MMP-1 induction by ultraviolet irradiation.