• Title/Summary/Keyword: Climatic factor

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Relationship between Yearly Fruit Growth and Climatic Factors in 'Niitaka' Pear (배 '신고'의 연차간 과실 생장과 기상 요인과의 상관성)

  • Han, Jeom Hwa;Son, In Chang;Choi, In Myeong;Kim, Seung Heui;Cho, Jung Gun;Yun, Seok Kyu;Kim, Ho Cheol;Kim, Tae-Choon
    • Horticultural Science & Technology
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    • v.31 no.1
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    • pp.8-13
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    • 2013
  • This research was conducted to investigate the effect of climatic factors on fruit growth in 'Niitaka' pear (Pyrus pyrifolia). For ten years from 2000 to 2010, average full bloom date was April 19th and standard deviation was 4.2 days. Average fruit diameter 160 days after full bloom (DAFB) was 102.4 mm and standard deviation was 7.5 mm. Variance coefficients among climatic factors were higher in rainfall amount and sunshine hours than temperature. Only sunshine hours of climatic factors accumulated during the 160 DAFB had significant positive relationship ($r=0.68^*$) with fruit diameter 160 DAFB. Between full bloom date and fruit diameter 160 DAFB had no significant relationship. Fruit growth in 2004, as continuous rain fall and short sunshine hours, showed opposite pattern compared to that in 2009. Therefore, fruit growth of 'Niitaka' pear was more influenced by the accumulated sunshine hours than accumulated temperature.

STATUS AND SCOPE OF SMALL RUMINANTS PRODUCTION IN DRY AREAS OF PAKISTAN - REVIEW -

  • Rafiq, M.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.8 no.3
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    • pp.205-212
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    • 1995
  • This paper describes small ruminant production systems in dry areas of Pakistan. Formal and informal surveys had identified that poor feed resources, as a result of harsh climatic conditions, is a major factor responsible for low sheep and goats production. In view of their recommendations, use of approaches like supplemental feeding and pasture production through an introduction of improved forage species in the country, are reviewed. The improvement in sheep production and associated socioeconomic benefits, are discussed.

Studies on the Climatic Influence on Spikelet Formation and Yield of Lowland Rice I. Interaction of Temperature and Solar Radiation for Spikelet Formation (수도의 영화수성립과 수량에 미치는 기상환경의 영향에 관한 연구 -제1보 수도의 영화수성립에 미치는 기상과 일사의 상호작용)

  • Su-Bong Ahn;Jong-Chul Lee
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.29 no.1
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    • pp.19-24
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    • 1984
  • Experiment was conducted to know the interaction of temperature and solar radiation for spikelet formation of rice in different location. Under the Korea climatic conditions both number of spikelets and percentage of ripened grains affected yield of rice. Percentage of ripened grains was the most significant limiting factor in Tongil type rice varieties and the lower number of spikelets in japonica type varieties. The number of spikelets increased as amounts of solar radiation increased during the reproductive stage, as daily air temperature decreased from 23 to 28$^{\circ}C$, or as climatic consumption index (CCI) value decreased. CCI calculated with critical temperature of 1$0^{\circ}C$ and solar radiation was more closely correlated with the number of spikelets compared to CCI calculated with sunshine hours instead of solar radiation. CCI during the 15 days before heading was more closely related with the number of spikelets compared to CCI during the 30 days before heading.

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The Influence of Change in Climatic Environment during the Song-Yuan Dynasty Had on the Development of Medical Science and Disease Emergence (송원(宋元)시대 기후환경변화가 질병과 의학발전에 미친 영향)

  • Kim, Ji-Soo;Jung, Ji-Hun;Park, Hae-Mo
    • The Journal of Korean Medical History
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    • v.31 no.2
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    • pp.53-62
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    • 2018
  • It is known that the development of medical science is influenced by various social environmental factors. Historically, Chinese Medicine developed the most during the Song Yuan dynasty, and the reason for this was known to be due to socio-political factors. According to recent studies, however, this period also had severe changes in climate and environment. Therefore, this study was conducted under the premise that this change in climate and environment influenced medical development. When looking at the coldness of the 11th~12th century and data indicating warming before and after this period, the Song Yuan dynasty went through drastic periods of climate change. Therefore, diseases related to heat such as bubonic plague, measles, and malaria were common. Furthermore, due to occasional wars during the Song Yuan dynasty, social unrest was aggravated and infectious diseases spread due to land development and environmental pollution. As the health of people were threatened due to these factors, the printing and distribution of medical text were encouraged, and during this process, the great 4 doctors of Jin-Yuan appeared. The reason why they studied cures for infectious diseases due to heat was related to climatic environment change. The development in medical science is closely related to socio-political factors, however the change in climatic environments are inevitably related to disease emergence as well. Therefore, it should always be taken into consideration as an important factor that promotes development in medical science.

Influences of Environmental Factors on Wheat Quality II. Effects of Regional Climatic Factors on Protein Content and Sedimentation Value of Wheat Flour (재배 환경조건이 소맥품질에 미치는 영향 II. 지역별 기상조건이 소맥분 단백질함량 및 침전가에 미치는 영향)

  • Ryu, I.S.;Shin, H.K.;Cho, C.H.;Bae, S.H.
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.65-70
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    • 1977
  • The effects of regional climatic factors on wheat quality were discussed. The most important climatic factor on wheat quality during the ripening period of wheat was air temperature during the ripening period of wheat. The protein content and sedimentation value were higher in northern parts of Korea compared to southern parts in Korea. The varietal effects of ripening temperature on protein content and sedimentation value of wheat were varied in nine tested varieties.

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Effects of Climatic Factors and Tapping Date on Yield and Quality of Lactree (Rhus verniciflua) Sap (기상요인과 채취시기가 옻나무 칠액채취량 및 칠액의 質에 미치는 영향)

  • 김만조
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.70-79
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    • 1998
  • This study was conducted to understand the effects of weather and tapping date on yield and quality of lactree(Rhus verniciflua) sap yield showed a significant positive correlation with the minimum temperature of one day before sap collection at 1% level and with theminimum humidity of theday of sap collection at 5% level. However, the differences between the maximum and the minimum temperatures and humidities of the day of sap collection were negatively correlated with the sap yield at 5% level. Multiple regression analysis indicated that the minimum temperature of one day bofore sap collection and the minumum humidity of the day sap collection were important factors for increasing sap yield. The high sap yield of lactree by Japanese tapping method was recorded during mid-July and early August. Seasonal variation in lactree sap constituents was observed. The sap collected on 15th of August contained the highest urushiol content (68.3%) and the lowest water content resulting in high quality of lactree sap. By reversed-phase HPLC analysis, fove urushiol components were separated from each other depending on the number of doulbe bonds in the side-chain , and seaxonal variation of urushiol composition was noticed. The 3-C15 triene content fo the sap collected on 5th of July was the highest(77.56%) indicating the major component of urushiol which affects lactree sap quality.

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Soil Texture and Desalination after Land Reclamation on the West Coast of Korea (서해안 간척지 토성과 탈염)

  • 민병미;김준호
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.133-143
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    • 1997
  • From 1984 to 1989 reclaimed coastal lands in Choongnam Province of the western coast of Korea were studied for soil texture at three sites(Daeho, Hyundai A and Hyundai B) and for desalination one site(Hyundai B). The soil textures of varied sites in Hyundai A were horizontally similar and composed of 39-40% clay, 40-49% silt and 8-14% sand. But those in Da돼 and Hyundai B differed horizontally in the same area and vertically at the same site. Soil texures of Da돼 were composed of 15-17% clay, 30-45% silt and 40-55% sand and those of Hyundai B were composed of 22-45% clay, 26-49% silt and 17-31% sand. The measured electrical conductivity(EC), which represents whole salt content of the reclaimed soil, decreased year by year. The vertical distribution of the EC changed temporally and spatially in the upper zone above a 50 cm depth but not in The lower zone below a 50 cm depth. The EC valus of the soil were inversely proportional to the magnitued of annual precipitation, evaporation and the numbers of rainy days with r equalling -0.97. But the annual decrease of the EC was directly proportional to climatic factors with r=0.7. Salt in the reclaimed land was leached out by the percolative action of surplus rain water, or moved up by evaporation and carried away by running rain water. The running out of the salt on the soil surface was most efficiently carried out over 10 mm precipitation per day.

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Classification of Agroclimatic Zones Considering the Topography Characteristics in South Korea (지형적 특성을 고려한 우리나라의 농업기후지대 구분)

  • Kim, Yongseok;Shim, Kyo-Moon;Jung, Myung-Pyo;Choi, In-Tae;Kang, Kee-Kyung
    • Journal of Climate Change Research
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    • v.7 no.4
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    • pp.507-512
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    • 2016
  • This study was conducted to classify agroclimatic zones in South Korea. To classify the agroclimatic zones, such climatic factors as amount of rainfall from April to May, amount of rainfall in October, monthly average air temperature in January, monthly average air temperature from April to May, monthly average air temperature from April to September, monthly average air temperature from December to March, monthly minimum air temperature in January, monthly minimum air temperature from April to May, Warmth Index were considered as major influencing factors on the crop growth. Climatic factors were computed from monthly air temperature and precipitation of climatological normal year (1981~2010) at 1 km grid cell estimated from a geospatial climate interpolation method. The agroclimatic zones using k-means cluster analysis method were classified into 6 zones.

A Consideration of the Possibility of Planting Cryptomeria japonica and Chamaecyparis obtusa on the East Sea Area in Gangwon-Province by Tree Ring Dating and Climatic Factor Analysis (삼나무, 편백의 연륜과 기후인자 분석을 통한 강원 동해안 지역 식재가능성 검토)

  • Son, Ho-Jun;Kim, Young-Sol;Kim, Nam-Young;Lee, Hak-Bong;Park, Wan-Geun
    • Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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    • v.30 no.1
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    • pp.36-44
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    • 2014
  • We measured radial growth of Cryptomeria japonica and Chamaecyparis obtusa growing in Gangneung, Boseong, Yangsan and Ulleung-do, respectively and analyzed its relationship with temperature and precipitation. We found from the result of tree ring counting that forest stands of Cryptomeria japonica in Gangneung and Boseong was 40 to 50 years old and 50 to 70 years old in Yangsan and Ulleung-do. According to climate change, the mean temperature in Gangneung was found to be $12^{\circ}C$ to $13^{\circ}C$ which was similar to that of Boseong and Yangsan 40 to 50 years ago. While the result of the radial growth measured from Cryptomeria japonica in Gangneung showed a slightly decreasing tendency compared to the other areas, Chamaecyparis obtusa showed an increasing tendency. In the case of Cryptomeria japonica, a strong negative correlation between radial growth and climate related variables including both mean temperature and mean precipitation existed in Ulleung. There was a strong negative correlation between radial growth and mean temperature for Chamaecyparis obtusa in Yangsan, although there was a positive correlation in Gangneung and Yangsan.

Drivers of Crop Productivity and Resource Use Efficiencies in Apple between Western and Eastern States in the US

  • Kim, Soo-Hyung
    • Proceedings of The Korean Society of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology Conference
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    • 2015.08a
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    • pp.18-28
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    • 2015
  • Apple is cultivated under various climatic conditions in many parts of the world. Better understanding of how climate, genotype, soil, and management factors interact to determine crop productivity will improve our ability to optimize crop selection, management strategies, and resource use efficiencies. We developed and applied a physiology-based apple canopy model to evaluate how climatic factors and crop phenotypes interact to determine biomass accumulation, radiation use efficiency (RUE), and water use efficiency (WUE) at multiple production sites between western and eastern states of the US including WA, CA, NY, WV, and PA. Our results indicate that solar radiation is a dominant factor limiting biomass production in the eastern states while VPD is the primary factor governing crop water use across eastern and western states during the peak growing season. Crop RUE and WUE were strongly correlated in the western states but not in the eastern states while VPD showed highly negative correlation with both RUE and WUE across all locations. The RUE improved with increasing fraction of diffuse radiation ($f_{df}$) and the $RUE-f_{df}$ relationships revealed distinctive responses between western and eastern states. Overall, the eastern locations exhibited slightly higher RUE and WUE than the western locations. However, overall productivity and total water use were greater in the western states. A clear decline of productivity with increasing temperature and afternoon VPD past an optimum was predicted in the western locations but this pattern was less clear in the eastern locations. We also discuss potential phenotypes with specific physiological and morphological traits that are differentially suitable for western and eastern locations. Our results provide plausible, spatially explicit explanations and insights to disentangle the complex relationships between crop productivity, resource use efficiencies, phenotype, and climate drivers in apple grown in the US.

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