• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제25호
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• pp.236-244
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• 2000

The concept of the true house' is based on the balance of a person's life and nature and represents the life in which lies an organic harmony between environment and ecology. However, humans have always been in a position of dominance over nature and with their developments have brought on much destruction and corruption to the ecosystem. With this, the position of the true house has intensified and the ecological approach of architecture has started to come into consideration as its alternative plan. Accordingly, it is essential to reconstruct and take on a new perspective of nature. The conversion to a more Oriental approach, which dwells in the adaptation and harmony of nature, is especially sufficient to the ecological aspect of architecture. From this we can realize that the ecological approach is none other than a modern interpretation of what our ancestors have lived by. In other words, an architectural concept deriving from the adaptation of climate, season, and nature-the coexistence of man and nature. From an ecological point of view, the idea of favoring nature in the traditional house can be found in the inclination of being one with nature by adapting to its geographical and preferable climate conditions. This results in the use of natural energy, the use of natural resources, the organic connection between the inner and outer natural space, and the application of nature itself. By approaching these elements from a modern point of view and applying it to the current time, we can open up the door to a more lasting human-environment based ecological position of architecture where our own climatic characteristics and traditions can be reflected in the pursuit of harmony between man and nature.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2006

The researches on the environmental friendly buildings have carried out on the materials, environmental property, technical elements and etc., and various buildings with these green materials have built and under construction nowadays and became a new trend of the green building. And recently, new building technique which builds the wall with the soil and wood and very easy to construct (called M Earthen House) was introduced as the green building and rapidly propagated. But the research on the indoor climatic characteristics, the ability to control the environmental comfort and the influence to the human beings of these buildings are not sufficiently identified yet. In this paper, the indoor environmental characteristics and the temperature controlling ability of these buildings in summer season were measured and analysed by the Portable Indoor Air Quality Monitor(BABUC/A, LSI) measuring equipments, ana the subjective test on the thermal environment of the subjects were carried out to evaluate the thermal comfort. The results can be summarized as follows; 1) Compared to the outdoor dry bulb temp.($15.4{\sim}28.7^{\circ}C$), the indoor temp. was $19.5{\sim}26.8^{\circ}C$. It showed the temperature controlling ability of the M earthen house was outstanding. And the indoor relative humidity, compared to the outdoor($45.4{\sim}100%$), was $58.1{\sim}76.4%$, it showed the humidity controlling ability of the M earthen house was also outstanding. 2) The thermal environment was evaluated as 'comfort'(neutral-slightly warm) and the humidity was also evaluated as 'comfort'(neutral-slightly humid). So, the results of the physical and subjective evaluation on the indoor thermal comfort in summer season were 'neutral' and 'comfort' coincidently, it was confirmed that the controlling ability of the indoor temperature and humidity of the M earthen house was very excellent.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.653-662
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• 2003

Changes in the area of geo-ecosystem $(62^{\circ}09'S,\;58^{\circ}31'w)$ reflect climatic changes in the South Shetland Islands. Air temperature and deglaciation will increase. The ice-free space area at the SSSS 8- (ASPA 121) site has enlarged threefold during the last 21 years, thus creating conditions for inhabitation and succession. Wind, water and snow play important roles in transportation of geochemical components. They distribute nutrients, mineral substances, seeds, fragments of plants and animals, etc. Plant and animal colonization is patchy and it happens at random in an 'island' - like manner. The colonization pattern is dependant, to a high degree on physical factors. The newly uncovered ice-free areas are at first inhabited by a vascular plant known as the Deschampsia antarctica. The border of the land-oasis with Admiralty Bay is the place where the processes related to animal feeding at the sea and reproduction on the land take place. Bird colonies and pinniped lairs form centers of fertilization surrounded by high chemical gradients dependent on the direction of the flow of nutrients $(e.g.\;NH_4)$. During the last 25 years, the numbers of penguins in this region have decreased, and thus the amount of materials excreted on land has diminished. The numbers of fur seals change in multi-annual cycles, and their migration into this area is related to the E1 $Ni\~{n}o$ phenomenon. The numbers of elephant seals in the area did not change. Organic matter deposited by the sea onto the shore are a source of nutrients and deficient chemical elements on land. Mineral matter is washed out into the waters of Admiralty Bay. These processes change seasonally, and multi annually. Negative effects on the environment at Arctowski Station induced by man are slight, but noticeable nevertheless. Physical processes have the largest influence on the living conditions and distribution of plants and animals, and as a consequence, on the functioning of the geo-ecosystem in the coastal-shore zone of the Maritime Antarctic.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.105-108
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• 1981

우리나라 남부해안기후의 특성과 수온과의 관계를 알아보기 위하여 해안지방인 부산, 여수, 목포를 준표준 내륙지방으로 광주와 대구, 인근 해양의 가덕도, 소리도, 홍도의 수온을 선정하여 20년 간(1960~1979)의 관측자료로서 기온, 습도, 강수량을 조사 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 해안지방(부산, 여수, 목포)은 해양의 영향으로 내륙지방(대구, 광주)보다 기온의 연교차가 적고 기온이 수온보다 높을 때는 내륙지방이 해안지방의 기온보다 높고, 수온이 기온보다 높을 때는 내륙지방이 해안지방보다 낮다. 2) 수온과 기온의 차에 따라서 내륙지방과 해안지방의 기온차가 결정되며(상관계수 0.9이상) 그 양적 예측도 상관관계식을 활용함으로써 가능하다고 생각된다. 3) 해안지방과 내륙지방의 습도의 차이도 기온의 경우와 비슷하게 나타났으나 목포는 지형적인 영향으로 다른 해안지방과 다르게 나타났다. 4) 수온과 기온의 차이에 따라서 해안지방과 내륙지방의 습도의 차이가 결정된다(상관계수 0.9이상, 목포제외), 그러므로 그 양적 해석도 가능하다. 5) 남해안지방의 강수량은 내륙지방과 그 차이가 뚜렷하게 나타나지는 않았다.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.65-69
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• 1981

우리나라 남부해안기후의 특성과 수온과의 관계를 알아보기 위하여 해안지방인 부산, 여수, 목포를 준표준 내륙지방으로 광주와 대구, 인근 해양의 가덕도, 소리도, 홍도의 수온을 선정하여 20년 간(1960~1979)의 관측자료로서 기온, 습도, 강수량을 조사 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 해안지방(부산, 여수, 목포)은 해양의 영향으로 내륙지방(대구, 광주)보다 기온의 연교차가 적고 기온이 수온보다 높을 때는 내륙지방이 해안지방의 기온보다 높고, 수온이 기온보다 높을 때는 내륙지방이 해안지방보다 낮다. 2) 수온과 기온의 차에 따라서 내륙지방과 해안지방의 기온차가 결정되며(상관계수 0.9이상) 그 양적 예측도 상관관계식을 활용함으로써 가능하다고 생각된다. 3) 해안지방과 내륙지방의 습도의 차이도 기온의 경우와 비슷하게 나타났으나 목포는 지형적인 영향으로 다른 해안지방과 다르게 나타났다. 4) 수온과 기온의 차이에 따라서 해안지방과 내륙지방의 습도의 차이가 결정된다(상관계수 0.9이상, 목포제외), 그러므로 그 양적 해석도 가능하다. 5) 남해안지방의 강수량은 내륙지방과 그 차이가 뚜렷하게 나타나지는 않았다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.371-379
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• 2022

The environment in Kosovo is a topic of concern for the citizens and the state because of the temperatures that affect the health of the citizens and the climate around the world. Kosovo's climate is related to its geographical position. Stretching in the middle latitude, Kosovo's climate depends on the amount of heat coming from the Sun, the proximity of the Adriatic Sea, the Vardar valley, the openness to the north. In order to better understand the climatic features of Kosovo, one must know the elements of the climate such as: sunshine, temperature, precipitation, atmospheric pressure, winds. The Meteorological Institute of Kosovo is responsible for measuring temperatures in Kosovo since 2014 and until now 12 meteorological stations have been operationalized with automatic measurement and real-time data transfer to the central system for data collection and archiving. The hydrometeorological institute lacks an application for measuring temperatures in all the countries of Kosovo. Software applications are generally built to suit the requirements of different governments and clients in order to enable easier management of the jobs they operate on. One of the forms of application development is the development of mobile applications based on android. The purpose of the work is to create a mobile application based on the Android operating system that aims to display information about the weather, this type of application is necessary and important for users who want to see the temperature in different places in Kosovo, but also the world. This type of application offers many options such as maximum temperature, minimum temperature, humidity, and air pressure. The built application will have real and accurate data; this will be done by comparing the results with other similar applications. Such an application is necessary for everyone, especially for those people whose daily work is dependent on the weather or even for those who decide to spend their vacations, such as summer or winter. In this paper, comparisons are also made within android applications for tablets, televisions and smart watches.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.351-357
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• 1983

예상요인이 대두에 미치는 영향을 알기 위하여 1976년부터 1981년까지의 강우량, 강수일수, 온도등의 기상요인과 동 기간에 재배한 봉의 품종의 수량을 비롯한 중요 농경형질간의 관계를 조사하여 얻어진 경과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 중요형질의 년차에 따른 변이계수는 등숙율이 37.9%, 수량 및 주당협수는 30%, 100립중은 5.5%였다. 2. 대두 재배기간 동안의 강우량, 강수일수, 온도 등을 월별로 보면 7, 8월의 기상요인이 생육에 크게 영향을 미치며 그 중 온도조건이 가장 문제가 되었다. 3. 7월의 최고, 최저 및 평균온도와 수량 및 립중, 8월의 최고온도와 수량 및 립중, 8월의 최고, 최저 및 평균온도와 등숙율과는 부의 상관이 있었다. 4. 예상요인과 수량과의 관계를 회귀직선식으로 나타내면 7월의 평균온도와 수량은 y=-42.46X ＋1200.86, 8월의 최고온도와 수량은 y=-37.95X ＋1210.42였다. 5. 중부지방의 맥전작재배지역에서는 개화기에 해당하는 7월 21일부터 7월 31일까지의 고온이 특히 대두의 수량감소를 가져온다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.235-241
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• 2017

본 연구는 배추의 작황 예측프로그램을 개발하기 위한 생육조사로 정식시기를 봄과 가을에 2주 간격으로 3회씩 각각 정식하여, 생체중, 건물중, 엽장, 엽폭, 엽수, 엽면적등을 정식후 2주간격으로 조사하였다. 정식 후 일수에 따른 생체중과 건물중의 변화와 GDD에 따른 생체중, 건물중, 엽면적 그리고 엽수의 변화에 대하여 회귀분석하였다. 정식 후 일수에 따른 봄배추와 가을배추의 생장을 S자형 곡선으로 분석한 결과 생체중의 회귀식은 각각 FW=4451.5/[1+exp{-(DAT-34.1)/3.6}]($R^2=0.992$)과 각각 FW=7182.0/[1+exp(-(DAT-53.8)/11.6)]($R^2=0.979$) 였다. 그리고 GDD에 따른 봄배추의 생체중의 모델은 각각 FW=4411.2/[1+exp{-(GDD-585.2)/128.6}] ($R^2=0.992$) 및 FW=13718/[1+exp{-(GDD-1278.6)/219.5}] ($R^2=0.981$)였다. 봄배추와 가을배추의 단위면적당 생산량은 각각 11348.3kg/10a와 1,5128.2kg/10a로 노지재배의 단수와는 차이를 보인 반면에 봄배추의 경우 시설재배의 단수 1,1147.3kg/10a와 유사한 결과를 보였다. 차후에 노지재배를 통해, 배추의 생산성에 관여하는 주요 요인을 분석하고, 실시간으로 계측한 생육 및 기상자료를 기반으로 하여 보다 정확한 예측프로그램으로 보정 및 검증해야할 것이다.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.17-24
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• 2016

현재 우리나라는 기후변화로 인해 여름철 집중호우와 국지성 호우가 증가하고 있다. 이에 토사유실 예방에 관한 연구들이 활발하게 이루어지고 있고 산림청에서는 산사태 위험지도를 제공하고 있다. 산사태 위험지도는 9가지의 요소들로 가중치를 주어 5등급화 하여 위험도를 나타낸다. 2014년 8월 25일 부산시 금정구 오륜터널 일대에서 국지성 호우로 인한 토사유실이 발생했으며 산사태위험지도와 비교해 본 결과 실제 토사유실이 발생한 지역은 위험지도상의 안전지대였다. 토사유실이 발생한 오륜터널 일대를 강우량, 토양도, 지질도, 임상도, 경사도, 하계망, 분수령, 유역형상, 유출량을 분석하였다. 분석한 결과 산사태가 발생한 지점의 토양, 임상, 다량의 유출량과 첨두유량, 수계망의 차수, 유역의 형상이 토사유실의 원인요소라고 판단된다. 이 요소 중 산사태 위험지도에서는 고려하지 않은 집중 강우량에 의한 유출량과 첨두유량, 수계망의 차수, 유역의 형상이 산사태의 가장 큰 원인이라고 분석되었다. 기록적인 국지성 호우로 인해 많은 재산피해가 있었던 발생지점 중 하나인 오륜터널 일대의 토사유실원인분석 연구를 통하여 강수량에 의한 유출량, 첨두유량, 유역의 형상이 중요하다고 판단된다. 이 요소들을 산사태 위험지역 판정 시 고려하여 집중호우 시 토사유실에 대비하여야 한다.

• 대한의료기공학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.153-186
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• 2000

Jigam(止感), Josik(調息), Kumchock(禁觸), from the lecture on Truth of ${\ll}Samilshingo{\gg}$(三一神誥) treat three elements of Kigong, regulation of mental activties, regulation of breathing and adjustment of posture and there are some similar mentions with the view of human body based on oriental medicine like those Samjin(三眞), Sammang(三妄), Samdo(三途) and Sippalkyoung(十八境) ect. Thus as a result of comparison and observation about the interrelationships between principle of Kigong in the lecture on Truth of ${\ll}Samilshingo{\gg}$(三一神誥) and oriental medicine. I have conclusion as follows. 1. According to the lecture on Truth, the components of human body are the one and only Samjin(三眞), Sammang(三妄) and Samdo(三途) resulted from facing Samjin(三眞) to Sammang(三妄) and Sippalkyoung(十八境). This fact presents the principle of human change. 2. the principle of Kigong mentioned in the lecture on Truth shows the original Ilshin(一神) on the basis of Samjin(三眞), Sammang(三妄), Samdo(三途) and Sippalkyoung(十八境). This makes common, unity and sound Sim(心), Ki(氣) and Shin(身), Sammang(三妄) through Jigam(止感), Josik(調息) and Kumchock(禁觸), be versed, intellected and guaranteed Sung(性), Myoung(命) and Jung(精), Samjin(三眞) and emit Kyun(見), Mun(聞), Ji(知) and haeng(行), Sadaeshingi(四大神機) and finally all these are harmonized into Duk(德), Hye(慧) and Ryuk(力), Samdae(三大) which is the entity of God. 3. Samsipyookjongmyowhasang(三十六種妙化相) is an ascetic practice done after a chulin(哲人) deduce Ji(止), Jo(調) and Kum(禁), Sambup(三法) on the basis of the lecture on Truth. So I suppose it correlates nature's six elements. Kong(空)(Chun(天)). Yol(熱)(Wha(火)). Jin(震(Jeon(電)), Seup(濕)(Shoo(水)), Han(寒)(Poong(風)) and Ko(固)(Ji(地)), human's Samjin(三眞), Sung(性), Myoung(命) and Jung(精) and Sammang(三妄), Sim(心), Ki(氣) and Shin(身) and makes clear the principle of discipline. 4. In comparison with Samjin(三眞) and Sammang(三妄) says from the lecture on Truth and the Three Essential Elements of the body construction(三寶) from oriental medicine, Samjin(三眞) and Sammang(三妄) as factors of human body in the concept of practical knowledge. That is the one and only Samjin(三眞) in terms of the Three Essential Elements of the body construction(三寶) is considered a structural principle for every single person and Sammang(三妄) is considered a functional form for each individual. And it can be Sung(性)+Sim(心)=Spirit(神), Myoung(命)+Ki(氣)=Vital Force(氣) and Jung(精)+Shin(身)=True Essence(精). 5. In comparison with Sippalkyoung(十八境) of Samdo(三途) from the lecture on Truth and three medical causes of disease, Gamdoyookkyoung(感途六境) is similar with endopathic cause caused by Naesangchiljung(內傷七情), Sikdoyukkyoung(息途六境) is similar with exopathic cause by six climatic conditions in excess as pathogenic factors(六淫) and Yoegi(?氣) and Chokdoyukkyoung(觸途六境) is similar with non-endo-exopathogenic causes by diet imbalance, fatigue, intemperance in sexual life and trauma etc. 6. In the lecture on Truth, the Chulin(哲人) who discipline Sambup(三法), Sangchul(上哲), Choongchul(中哲) and Hachul(下哲) can be compared with Kigong expert(health preserving expert) such as the Spiritual Men(眞人), the Sapients(至人), the Sages(聖人) and the Men of Exellent Virtue(寶人) in the Sang Gu Tian Zhen Lun of the Huang Ti Nei Ching Su Wen(素問 上古天眞論) and then Sangchul(上哲) is the Spiritual Men(眞人), Choongchul(中哲) is the Sapients(至人) and Hachul(下哲) is the Sages(聖人) while the men of Exellent Virtue(賢人) is inferior to Chulin(哲人) when he goes to extremes.