• 대한지리학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.414-425
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• 2011

광주광역시 화전 유적지의 습지 퇴적물에 화분분석, 수침목재 동정, 그리고 기초적인 퇴적물 분석 등을 수행하여 얻은 결과를 토대로 이 지역의 홀로신 중기 고식생 및 고기후를 유추해 보았다. 약 8200 ~ 6800년 전에는 홀로신 기후최적기에 비해 기후가 다소 건조하여, 참나무 개체수는 상대적으로 적었고 다양한 수목들이 함께 서식했다. 약 6800 ~ 5900 년 전은 홀로신 기후최적기로 온난 습윤한 기후가 강화되면서 참나무속에 유리한 환경이 조성되었으며 저습지의 면적이 감소하였다. 6100 년 전 경에는 한반도 남동부에서 홀로신 기후최적기의 지속으로 극상림에 가까운 삼림이 형성되었다. 약 5900 ~ 4700 년 전에는 기후가 냉량건조해지면서 극상림인 참나무숲의 면적뿐 아니라 전체 삼림 면적이 감소하였다. 이 시기 말미에는 기후의 일시적인 호전으로 오리나무숲이 팽창하였다. 마지막으로 약 4700 ~ 3300 년 전에는 오리나무의 세력이 감소하고 참나무가 우점했으며 상대적으로 건조한 기후가 지속되면서 삼림의 밀도는 낮았다.

• 한국제4기학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.28-36
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• 2008

The present study has focused on the environmental changes and evidences for sedimentation in the Lake Khuvsgul catchment during the Holocene period, inferred from short core sediment (BO03) from the eastern shore of Borsog Bay, which were analyzed in order to review records of the Holocene climatic evolution and Holocene history in Northern Mongolia. For the purpose of reconstruction of natural phenomenon that occurred in the lake catchment system during the Holocene, physical and chemical properties including HCl-soluble material, biogenic silica, organic matter and grain size distribution of minerals in the core sediments have been analyzed in this study. The vertical variations in composition for these properties show distinctly that five lines of paleoenvironmental evidence occurred in the lake catchment during the Holocene. A modified age model resulting from AMS carbon dating for the BO03 core sediment shows timings of these environmental events at 9.5 Kyr BP, 8.0 Kyr BP, 5.6 Kyr BP and 3.2 Kyr BP, respectively. Paleoenvironmental changes in the Lake Khuvsgul catchment system during the Holocene highlight distinctive features of the hydrological regime and geomorphologic evolution in the lake catchment due to regional landscape and global climatic changes corresponding with the Holocene optimum and thermal optimum. In particular, the change of hydrologic regime based on the sedimentological evidence has been caused by not only overland flow due to melting water, but also base flow due to thick permafrost around Khuvsgul region.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.157-164
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• 2024

Sorghum-Sudangrass hybrids (SSH) is a grass cereal hybrid crop with a high yield potential under different climatic conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth characteristics, dry matter yield and nutrient content of the SSH cultivars such as Dairy Mens Dream, Superdan and Supergreen from 2021 to 2023 in Jeju Island, Korea. Among the three cultivars, Superdan grew significantly taller with a larger stem diameter at both harvest times. In contrast, Dairy Mens Dream had least height and less stem diameter, but the dry matter yield was greater for Dairy Mens Dream than other cultivars. Furthermore, the crude protein content at the first cut was higher than 8.5% compared to the second cut (6.5 - 7.0%). The neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) content was higher in the second harvest of all cultivars compared to the first harvest of SSH in 2021. The SSH cultivation in 2021 and 2023 had higher ADF and NDF content than in 2022, possibly due to the average precipitation and optimum temperature suitable for SSH production in 2021 and 2023. The selected three SSH cultivars showed significant growth characteristics, dry matter content, and nutritional value. The overall data suggested that all three SSH showed significant productivity and nutritional content in the Jeju region of sub-tropical climatic condition.

• 한국지형학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.87-98
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• 2010

서해안 중부에 위치한 신두리 해안사구는 길이 3km, 최대폭 1km의 면적에 세립질의 모래로 이루어진 지형으로 보존 상태가 양호하다. 이 해안사구지대의 수평적인 성장 패턴을 파악하기 위해 하나의 대상단면을 선정하여 지표투과레이더(GPR, Ground Penetrating Radar) 탐사와 광여기루미네선스(OSL, Optically Stimulated Luminescence) 연대측정을 실시하였다. 이들 결과에 따르면 신두리 사구퇴적층의 성장 방향은 육지에서 해안방향으로 전진하였던 것으로 추정된다. 다만 이들 사구퇴적층은 OSL 연대측정 결과를 바탕으로 대략 4ka 이하의 것과 6ka 이상의 것으로 구분되며 약 6800-3700년 전 사이에 성장이 정체되었거나 이전에 형성된 퇴적층이 침식되었던 사건이 있었음을 추정할 수 있다. 이와 같이 시기별 사구의 형성과정의 차이는 약 6~7000년 전에 있었던 홀로세 고해면기의 영향과 약 4500년전에 있었던 기후변화로 인한 해빈으로부터 퇴적물 공급량의 차이에 의한 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국지형학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.31-39
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• 2021

Gaemok, the place name of Uihang-ri, Sowon-myeon, Taean-gun, Chungnam, indicates a tombolo. This study estimated the Holocene sea level change and development process of the coastal landforms of the Gaemok and Hwanyeong Tombolos in the Uihang coast. The tombolos seemed to form at approximately 3.4 ka and the average sea level at that time was estimated to be higher than that of the present by ca. 1 m. The Gaemok area was a separated island from the Taean peninsula during the Holocene Climatic Optimum. At approximately 3.4 ka when the sea level rose again after the fall, the Gaemok area was tied to the land by formation of the Gaemok and Hwanyeong Tombolos. The falling or fluctuating sea levels after 3.4 ka have shaped the present coastal landforms.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.143-152
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• 2013

No-till farming system has been extensively studied all over the world as the effective method for maintaining the soil fertility. The general advantages of this system have been well known for reducing the labor, fuel, machinery, and irrigation cost as well as for increasing the soil quality through soil aggregation, water infiltration, microbial population and etc. Recently, it becomes more popular with the increase of interest on sustainable agriculture, especially because of its higher carbon sequestration potential compared to conventional tillage. Crop residue management should be essentially included to look forward to achieving the positive effect on reduction of greenhouse gas. Nonetheless, there are also negative opinions on effect of no-till farming system. For example, some researchers reported that soil physical properties were not improved by no-till under certain soil and climatic conditions. This means no-till farming systems were strongly affected by the soil characters and climatic conditions. Therefore, the researches to meet the specific-regional characters are greatly needed in order for no-till farming system to successfully settle in Korea. The objective of the review article is to present the future direction and perspective on no-till farming system in Korea. For this purpose, we summarized the results of domestic and foreign researches about no-till farming system until now. Specifically, the chapter on foreign research consisted of four parts: positive and negative effects, the effect in paddy soil, and latest research direction (2012-2013) of no-till farming systems. Whereas, review for domestic researches was divided into two main parts: paddy and upland soils. In the final chapter, the priorities for the optimum conservation tillage in Korea were discussed and proposed through the previous researches.

• 한국농림기상학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농림기상학회 2015년도 하계 학술발표논문집
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• pp.18-28
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• 2015

Apple is cultivated under various climatic conditions in many parts of the world. Better understanding of how climate, genotype, soil, and management factors interact to determine crop productivity will improve our ability to optimize crop selection, management strategies, and resource use efficiencies. We developed and applied a physiology-based apple canopy model to evaluate how climatic factors and crop phenotypes interact to determine biomass accumulation, radiation use efficiency (RUE), and water use efficiency (WUE) at multiple production sites between western and eastern states of the US including WA, CA, NY, WV, and PA. Our results indicate that solar radiation is a dominant factor limiting biomass production in the eastern states while VPD is the primary factor governing crop water use across eastern and western states during the peak growing season. Crop RUE and WUE were strongly correlated in the western states but not in the eastern states while VPD showed highly negative correlation with both RUE and WUE across all locations. The RUE improved with increasing fraction of diffuse radiation ($f_{df}$) and the $RUE-f_{df}$ relationships revealed distinctive responses between western and eastern states. Overall, the eastern locations exhibited slightly higher RUE and WUE than the western locations. However, overall productivity and total water use were greater in the western states. A clear decline of productivity with increasing temperature and afternoon VPD past an optimum was predicted in the western locations but this pattern was less clear in the eastern locations. We also discuss potential phenotypes with specific physiological and morphological traits that are differentially suitable for western and eastern locations. Our results provide plausible, spatially explicit explanations and insights to disentangle the complex relationships between crop productivity, resource use efficiencies, phenotype, and climate drivers in apple grown in the US.

• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.152-163
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• 2001

남극반도 서 대륙붕의 흘로세 빙해양 퇴적작용과 고해양 변화를 이해하기 위해 서 대륙붕에서 얻은 두 개의 코어퇴적물에 대하여 C-14 연대측정, 퇴적학 및 지화학 특성과 규조군집 특성을 조사했다. 분석 결과, 코어는 크게 세 개의 퇴적상으로 구분되었다. 코어 최하부는 사질과 각력이 많고, 분급이 불량한 다이아믹튼으로 구성된다. 이 퇴적상이 유기물과 규조각이 적고, 사질함량과 평균 입도의 변화가 큰 것으로 보아 빙붕 밑에 발달한 기저쇄설층으로부터 역의공급을 받아 퇴적된 다이아믹튼으로 해석된다. AMS C-14분석 결과 이 퇴적상은 11,000 yrs BP전 까지 빙붕 아래에서 퇴적되었으며, 특히 11,500${\sim}$12,700 yrs BP동안에 기온의 하강으로 빙하가 다시 진출함에 따라 유기물이 급격히 감소하고, 접빙종의 산출이 급증한 것으로 보인다. 시기적으로 이 기간은 북대서양 일원에서 일어났던 영거드라이아스 냉각기와 잘 대비된다. 다이아믹튼 바로 위에 나타나는 규조질 이토가 유기물과 규조각이 최대이며, 접빙종의 산출이 최소인 점으로 보아, 이 퇴적상은 원양환경에서 일차생산력의 증가로 형성된 많은 양의 유기물이 해저로 공급된 결과로 보인다. AMS C-14분석 결과, 유기탄소 함량이 최대이고, C. resting spore의 산출빈도가 최대인 구간의 퇴적시기는 9,000${\sim}$2,500 yrs BP로 나타났다. 일반적으로 이 시기는 흘로세 중기에 오늘날보다 더 따뜻했던 고열기와 잘 일치한다. 코어 최상부의 규조질 사질 이토가 아래의 규조질 이토에 비해 접빙종의 산출과 사질함량이 많은 것은 빙하 진출로 인해 육상기원 물질의 공급이 증가한 것으로 보인다. AMS C-14분석 결과 상부 퇴적상의 퇴적시기는 2,500yrs BP경으로 나타났으며, 이 시기는 남극반도 지역에서 홀로세 말에 있었던 신빙하기(neoglacial)의 출발과 일치한다. 남극반도서 대륙붕에서 얻은 이상의 연구 결과는 향후 남반구에서 흘로세 동안에 일어났던 천년단위의 고기후 변화와 그에 따른 고해양 변화를 이해하는데 중요한 정보를 제공해 준다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.929-934
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• 2000

Optimum stand density of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) varies with locations and climates. Stand density is one of the factors that determines herbage yield, forage quality and persistence of alfalfa. As establishment costs increase, the question arises whether present population densities are optimum for obtaining maximum herbage yield and forage quality. The objectives of this study were: 1) to determine the optimum plant density for highest herbage yield and forage quality for the dehydrated alfalfa industry under Edmontons climatic conditions in Alberta, Canada; 2) to compare herbage yield and forage quality of the cultivars 'Algonquin' and 'Vernal' grown at a range of stand densities. Alfalfa seedlings of both cultivars were either transplanted at spacings of 6, 10, 15 and 25 cm or direct seeded at the 4.5 cm plant spacings, providing population densities of 494, 278, 100, 45 and $16plants/m^2$. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with a split-plot arrangement having three replicates; the main plots consisted of two alfalfa cultivars Algonquin and Vernal, and the sub-plots were the five population densities. The cultivar Vernal had significantly higher annual yield than did the cultivar Algonquin. There was no significant effect of plant density on herbage yield. There was no difference in crude protein (CP) between the two cultivars. At the first cut, there was a significant quadratic effect of plant density on CP content and the greatest CP occurred at the 100 plants/m2 density. Crude protein was not affected by plant density at the second cut. Acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were not affected by plant density. The cultivar Algonquin usually had a lower ADF and NDF than cultivar Vernal. In conclusion, high population densities ($278plants/m^2$ or more) of alfalfa did not improve herbage yield and forage quality compared with low plant population densities ($100plants/m^2$ or less) of alfalfa.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.224-232
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• 2019

Objective: Apart from various climatic differences, corn harvest stage and varieties are two major factors that can influence the yield and quality of corn silage in the tropics. A study was conducted to determine the optimum harvest stage of four corn varieties for silage production in Malaysia. Methods: Corn was harvested at four growth stages; silking, milk, dough, and dent stages from four varieties; Sweet Corn hybrid 926, Suwan, breeding test line (BTL) 1 and BTL 2. Using a split plot design, the treatments were then analysed based on the plant growth performance, yield, nutritive and feeding values followed by a financial feasibility study for potential commercialization. Results: Significant differences and interactions were detected across the parameters suggesting varying responses among the varieties towards the harvest stages. Sweet Corn was best harvested early in the dough stage due to high dry matter (DM) yield, digestible nutrient, and energy content with low fibre portion. Suwan was recommended to be harvested at the dent stage when it gave the highest DM yield with optimum digestible nutrient and energy content with low acid detergent fibre. BTL 1 and BTL 2 varieties can either be harvested at dough or dent stages as the crude protein, crude fibre, DM yield, DM content, digestible nutrient and energy were not significantly different at either stage. Further financial analysis showed that only Sweet Corn production was not financially feasible while Suwan had the best financial appraisal values among the grain varieties. Conclusion: In conclusion, only the grain varieties tested had the potential for silage making according to their optimum harvest stage but Suwan is highly recommended for commercialization as it was the most profitable.